His Eminence Carlo Maria Cardinal Martini, S.J. (born 15 February 1927) is an Italian clergyman. He was Catholic Archbishop of Milan from January 1980 to July 2002 and has been a Cardinal since February 1983. February 15 is the 46th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1927 (MCMXXVII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... see also Holy Orders The following terms have traditional meanings for the Anglican Church, and possibly beyond: A churchman is in principle a member of a church congregation, in practice someone in holy orders. ... The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Milan is an ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Roman Catholic Church in Italy. ... 1980 (MCMLXXX) was a leap year starting on Tuesday. ... For album titles with the same name, see 2002 (album). ... A cardinal is a senior ecclesiastical official in the Roman Catholic Church, a member of the College of Cardinals, ranking below the Pope and appointed by him during a consistory of the College. ... 1983 (MCMLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Often considered to be one of the more "progressive" members of the College of Cardinals, he has achieved widespread notice for his wide-ranging and open-minded writings — popularity in some circles, notoriety in others. The Sacred College of Cardinals is the body of all Cardinals of the Roman Catholic Church. ...

Career

Born in Turin, Piedmont, Martini entered the Society of Jesus in 1944, and was ordained a priest in 1952. He earned his doctorate in theological studies in 1958 from the Pontifical Gregorian University. In 1962, he was given the Chair of Textual Criticism at the Pontifical Biblical Institute, a specialist Institute of the Gregorian and became its rector in 1969. In 1978, under Pope Paul VI he was elected the Pontifical Gregorian University's "rector magnificus." Throughout these years he edited a number of scholarly works. Turin (Italian: ; Piedmontese: Turin) is a major industrial city as well as a business and cultural center in northwest Italy, capital of the Piedmont region, located mainly on the west bank of the Po River. ... Piedmont (Italian: Piemonte) is a region of northwestern Italy. ... Seal of the Society of Jesus. ... 1958 (MCMLVIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Pontifical Gregorian University The Pontifical Gregorian University is a Roman Catholic university in Rome. ... Categories: Possible copyright violations ... The word rector (ruler, from the Latin regere) has a number of different meanings. ... Paul VI, Giovanni Battista Enrica Antonia Maria Montini (September 26, 1897 – August 6, 1978), served as Pope from 1963 to 1978. ...

In December 1979, Pope John Paul II appointed him Archbishop of Milan, a post he undertook after receiving episcopal ordination the following January. Thus his first diocesan appointment was to one of the largest and most prominent sees. When made a cardinal in 1983 he was assigned the Titulus S. Caeciliae. From 1987–1993 he was president of the European Bishops' Conference. Coat of Arms of Pope John Paul II. The Letter M is for Mary, the mother of Jesus, to whom he held strong devotion Pope John Paul II (Latin: ), (Italian: Giovanni Paolo II), born   (May 18, 1920 – April 2, 2005) reigned as Pope of the Roman Catholic Church from October... The word episcopal is derived from the Greek επίσκοπος, transliterated epískopos, which literally means overseer; the word, however, is used in religious contexts to refer to a bishop. ... 1983 (MCMLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Facade of Santa Cecilia, a 1725 project by Ferdinando Fuga, with the 12th century belltower. ... 1987 (MCMLXXXVII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and marked the Beginning of the International Decade to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination (1993-2003). ...

In 2002 he reached the Church's mandatory retirement age of 75 and was succeeded as Archbishop by Cardinal Dionigi Tettamanzi. At the time of the Papal conclave, 2005, he was 78 years old and hence eligible to vote for the new pope (being under 80). For years many progressive Catholics harboured hopes that he might himself be elected Pope someday. However, when John Paul II died, most commentators believed that his election was unlikely, given his liberal reputation and the fact of his suffering from Parkinson's disease. Nevertheless, according to La Stampa (an Italian newspaper), he obtained more votes than Pope Benedict XVI during the first round of the election, 40 vs. 38. Conversely, an anonymous cardinal diary stated that he never mustered more than a dozen or so votes, in contrast to another Jesuit cardinal, Jorge Cardinal Bergoglio of Buenos Aires, and quickly withdrew his candidacy.^[1] For album titles with the same name, see 2002 (album). ... Dionigi Tettamanzi (born March 14, 1934) is an Italian Cardinal who has been Roman Catholic Archbishop of Milan since 2002. ... The Papal conclave of 2005 was convoked due to the death of Pope John Paul II on April 2, 2005. ... Papal Arms of Pope Benedict XVI. The papal tiara was replaced with a bishops mitre, and pallium of the Pope was added beneath the coat of arms. ... Jorge Mario Cardinal Bergoglio (born December 17, 1936) is a Roman Catholic priest of the Society of Jesus. ...

Since he is two months older than Pope Benedict XVI and it has been centuries since a Pope was succeeded by an older man, his chance can now be said to have passed. Although unlikely, if there is another Papal conclave before February 15, 2007 Martini will be eligible to vote in that conclave. The current Pope is Benedict XVI (born Joseph Alois Ratzinger), who was elected at the age of 78 on 19 April 2005. ... February 15 is the 46th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ...

In April 2006, in response to a very specific question from the bioethicist Ignazio Marino, director of the transplant center of the Thomas Jefferson University Hospital in Philadelphia, Martini admitted that in certain cases, the usage of condoms might be allowable stating "The use of condoms can, in certain situations, be a lesser evil".^[2] He stressed the particular case of married couples where one has HIV/AIDS.^[3] But he quickly noted that it's one thing the principle of the lesser evil in such cases, and quite another the subject who has to convey those things publicly, thus it is not up to the Church authorities to support condom use publicly, because of "the risk of promoting an irresponsible attitude". The Church is more likely to support other morally sustainable means, such as abstinence^[4]. The Cardinal's position on the start of a distinct human life during the fetilization of oocytes was rebuked by certain Vatican officials^[5]. Some of Martini's other positions may have frustrated Church leaders, but official response from the Roman Curia was limited. April 2006 : ← - January - February - March - April - May - June - July - August - September - October - November - December- → Events 1 April 2006 (Saturday) Marcos Pontes, Brazils first astronaut, reaches the International Space Station. ... An organ transplant is the transplantation of an organ (or part of one) from one body to another, for the purpose of replacing the recipients damaged or failing organ with a working one from the donor. ... Thomas Jefferson University offers courses in medicine and related fields, including research. ... Human immunodeficiency virus or HIV is a retrovirus that causes Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), a condition in which the immune system begins to fail, leading to life-threatening opportunistic infections. ... Acquired immune deficiency syndrome or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS or Aids) is a collection of symptoms and infections resulting from the specific damage to the immune system caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). ... Abstinence is a voluntary forbearance from indulging a desire or appetite for certain bodily activities that are widely experienced as giving pleasure. ... An oocyte or ovocyte is a female gametocyte that divides twice by mitosis and meiosis into two other oocytes or into two ootids. ... The Roman Curia - usually (but simplistically) called the Vatican - is the administrative apparatus of the Holy See, coordinating and providing the necessary organisation for the correct functioning of the Catholic Church and the achievement of its goals. ...

References

1. ^ Catholic News Service. Article based on diary says German cardinal became pope with 84 votes 23 September 2005
2. ^ Time Magazine, May1, 2006.
3. ^ BBC. Cardinal backs limited condom use 21 April 2006
4. ^ L'Espresso. When Does Life Begin? Cardinal Martini Replies 20 May 2006
5. ^ L'Espresso. Carlo Maria Martini’s “Day After” 20 May 2006

September 23 is the 266th day of the year (267th in leap years). ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... April 21 is the 111th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (112th in leap years). ... The introduction to this article provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject matter. ... May 20 is the 140th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (141st in leap years). ... The introduction to this article provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject matter. ... May 20 is the 140th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (141st in leap years). ... The introduction to this article provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject matter. ...

External links

• CV from the Archdiocese of Milan website (Italian only)
• Biography from the Vatican News Service