Western Philosophy Ancient philosophy
Carneades, Roman copy after the sit statue exhibited on the agora of Athens, ca. 150 BC, Glyptothek
Name This page lists some links to ancient philosophy, although for Western thinkers prior to Socrates, see Pre-Socratic philosophy. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 421 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1688 × 2404 pixel, file size: 2. ... The Agora of Athens today. ... The Glyptothek is a museum in Munich, Germany, which was commissioned by the Bavarian King Ludwig I to house his collection of Greek and Roman sculptures (hence Glypto-, from the Greek root glyphein, to carve). ...	Carneades
Birth	ca. 214 BC, Cyrene Centuries: 4th century BC - 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC Decades: 260s BC 250s BC 240s BC 230s BC 220s BC - 210s BC - 200s BC 190s BC 180s BC 170s BC 160s BC Years: 219 BC 218 BC 217 BC 216 BC 215 BC - 214 BC - 213 BC 212 BC... Cyrene, the ancient Greek city (in present-day Libya) was the oldest and most important of the five Greek cities in the region and gave eastern Libya the classical name Cyrenaica that it has retained to modern times. ...
Death	ca. 129 BC Centuries: 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC - 1st century BC Decades: 170s BC 160s BC 150s BC 140s BC 130s BC - 120s BC - 110s BC 100s BC 90s BC 80s BC 70s BC Years: 134 BC 133 BC 132 BC 131 BC 130 BC - 129 BC - 128 BC 127 BC...
School/tradition	Skepticism This article is about the psychological term. ...
Influences	Plato PLATO was one of the first generalized Computer assisted instruction systems, originally built by the University of Illinois (U of I) and later taken over by Control Data Corporation (CDC), who provided the machines it ran on. ...
Influenced	Clitomachus, Sextus Empiricus Kleitomachos (Greek: Κλειτόμαχος, variously also transliterated Cleitomachus or Clitomachus), originally named Hasdrubal (187-109 BCE) was a Carthaginian who came to Athens around 146 BCE and studied philosophy under Carneades, whom he succeeded as head of the New Academy in 126 BCE. According to Diogenes Laertius, Kleitomachos wrote some 400 books... Sextus Empiricus (fl. ...

Carneades (c. 214 – 129 BC) was a radical skeptic born in Cyrene and the first of the philosophers to pronounce the failure of metaphysicians who endeavored to discover rational meanings in religious beliefs. By the time of 159 BC he had started to refute all previous dogmatic doctrines, especially Stoicism, and even the Epicureans whom previous skeptics had spared. Centuries: 4th century BC - 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC Decades: 260s BC 250s BC 240s BC 230s BC 220s BC - 210s BC - 200s BC 190s BC 180s BC 170s BC 160s BC Years: 219 BC 218 BC 217 BC 216 BC 215 BC - 214 BC - 213 BC 212 BC... Centuries: 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC - 1st century BC Decades: 170s BC 160s BC 150s BC 140s BC 130s BC - 120s BC - 110s BC 100s BC 90s BC 80s BC 70s BC Years: 134 BC 133 BC 132 BC 131 BC 130 BC - 129 BC - 128 BC 127 BC... Skepticism (Commonwealth spelling: Scepticism) can mean: Philosophical skepticism - a philosophical position in which people choose to critically examine whether the knowledge and perceptions that they have are actually true, and whether or not one can ever be said to have absolutely true knowledge; or Scientific skepticism - a scientific, or practical... Cyrene, the ancient Greek city (in present-day Libya) was the oldest and most important of the five Greek cities in the region and gave eastern Libya the classical name Cyrenaica that it has retained to modern times. ... A philosopher is a person who thinks deeply regarding people, society, the world, and/or the universe. ... Plato (Left) and Aristotle (right), by Raphael (Stanza della Segnatura, Rome) Metaphysics is the branch of philosophy concerned with explaining the ultimate nature of reality, being, and the world. ... A restored Stoa in Athens. ... Epicureanism is a system of philosophy based upon the teachings of Epicurus (c340-c270 BC), founded around 307 BC. Epicurus was an atomic materialist, following in the steps of Democritus. ...

Carneades is known as an Academic Skeptic. Chemist Robert Boyle, for example, referred to him in his 1661 Sceptical Chymist. Academic Skeptics (so called because this was the type of Skepticism taught in Plato's Academy in Athens) hold that all knowledge is impossible, except for the knowledge that all other knowledge is impossible. He maintained the school's sceptical lines. So great was his stature and authority that after his death it was his philosophy more directly than that of Socrates and Plato that Academics felt required to interpret and defend. He did not publish any written version of his arguments, leaving it to his successors (e.g., Clitomachus) to quarrel over their actual philosophical intentions. Carneades' criterion, even in its most refined form, deals only with the subjective appearance of truth. Traditionally it has been regarded as a doctrine of probabilism. Carneades concludes that an impression which meets all these conditions is the one we use in forming judgements about everything that is supremely important to us (ref. The Hellenistic Philosophers vol. I, A. A. Long & D. N. Sedley, Cambridge University Press, 1999). Robert Boyle (25 January 1627 – 30 December 1691) was an Irish natural philosopher, chemist, physicist, inventor, and early gentleman scientist, noted for his work in physics and chemistry. ... Title page of The Sceptical Chymist (1661) The Sceptical Chymist or Chymico-Physical Doubts & Paradoxes is the title of Robert Boyles masterpiece of scientific literature, published in London in 1661. ... PLATO was one of the first generalized Computer assisted instruction systems, originally built by the University of Illinois (U of I) and later taken over by Control Data Corporation (CDC), who provided the machines it ran on. ... This article is about the capital of Greece. ... Kleitomachos (Greek: Κλειτόμαχος, variously also transliterated Cleitomachus or Clitomachus), originally named Hasdrubal (187-109 BCE) was a Carthaginian who came to Athens around 146 BCE and studied philosophy under Carneades, whom he succeeded as head of the New Academy in 126 BCE. According to Diogenes Laertius, Kleitomachos wrote some 400 books...

See also

• Plank of Carneades

In ethics, the plank of Carneades is a thought experiment first proposed by Carneades of Cyrene; it explores the concept of self-defense. ...

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Carneades

• Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy entry