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Encyclopedia > Carniolan honey bee
iCarniolan bee

Conservation status
Secure
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Hymenoptera
Family: Apidae
Genus: Apis
Species: A. mellifera
Subspecies: A. m. carnica
Trinomial name
Apis mellifera carnica
Pollman, 1879

The Carniolan honey bee (Apis mellifera carnica) is a subspecies of Western honey bee. It originates from Slovenia, but can now be found also in Austria, part of Hungary, Romania, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1100x952, 137 KB) [edit] Beschreibung en: Description: carnica bee on solidago de: Beschreibung: Carnica-Biene auf Goldrute Source: picture taken by Frank Mikley on 2006-09-09 Location: Weissach im Tal (Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany) Camera: Canon EOS 30D Lens: EF 100... The conservation status of a species is an indicator of the likelihood of that species continuing to survive. ... Scientific classification or biological classification is how biologists group and categorize extinct and living species of organisms. ... Phyla Subregnum Parazoa Porifera Subregnum Eumetazoa Placozoa Orthonectida Rhombozoa Radiata (unranked) Ctenophora Cnidaria Bilateria (unranked) Acoelomorpha Myxozoa Superphylum Deuterostomia Chordata Hemichordata Echinodermata Chaetognatha Superphylum Ecdysozoa Kinorhyncha Loricifera Priapulida Nematoda Nematomorpha Onychophora Tardigrada Arthropoda Superphylum Platyzoa Platyhelminthes Gastrotricha Rotifera Acanthocephala Gnathostomulida Micrognathozoa Cycliophora Superphylum Lophotrochozoa Sipuncula Nemertea Phoronida Bryozoa Entoprocta Brachiopoda... Subphyla and Classes Subphylum Trilobitomorpha Trilobita - trilobites (extinct) Subphylum Chelicerata Arachnida - spiders,scorpions, etc. ... Orders See taxonomy Insects are invertebrates that are taxonomically referred to as the class Insecta. ... Suborders Apocrita Symphyta Many families, see article Hymenoptera is one of the larger orders of Insects, comprising the sawflies, wasps, bees, and ants. ... Subfamilies Apinae - Honeybees Bombinae - Bumblebees Euglossinae - Orchid bees Meliponinae - Stingless bees Nomadinae Xylocopinae - Carpenter bees The Apidae are a large family of bees, comprising the common honeybees, stingless bees (which are also cultured for honey), carpenter bees, and bumblebees. ... Apis Species Categories: Stub | Insects ... Binomial name Apis mellifera The species called Western honeybees (Apis mellifera) are honeybees comprised of several subspecies or races. ... Trinomial nomenclature is a taxonomic naming system that extends the standard system of binomial nomenclature by adding a third taxon. ... Binomial name Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758 The Western honey bee or European honey bee (Apis mellifera) is a species of honey bee comprised of several subspecies or races. ... Motto: none Anthem: Bože pravde (English: God of Justice) Capital (and largest city) Belgrade Serbian, cyrillic script1 Government Republic  - Prime Minister Vojislav KoÅ¡tunica  - President Boris Tadić Establishment    - Formation 814   - First Serbian Uprising 1804   - Internationally recognized July 13, 1878   - Kingdom of SCS created December 1, 1918   - SCG dissolved June...

Contents

Origin

The bee is the subspecies of the Western honey bee that has naturalized and adapted to the Carniola region of Slovenia, the Southern part of the Austrian Alps and North Balkan. These bees are known as Carniolans in English. At present this race (i.e., subspecies) is the second most popular among beekeepers (after the Italian honey bees). It is favored among beekeepers for several reasons, not the least being its ability to defend itself successfully against insect pests while at the same time being extremely gentle in its behavior toward beekeepers. These bees are particularly adept at adjusting worker population to nectar availability. It relies on these rapid adjustments of population levels to rapidly expand worker bee populations after nectar becomes available in the spring, and, again, to rapidly cut off brood production when nectar ceases to be available in quantity. It meets periods of high nectar with high worker populations and consequently stores large quantities of honey and pollen during those periods. They are resistant to some diseases and parasites that can debilitate hives of other subspecies. Families Andrenidae Apidae Colletidae Halictidae Megachilidae Melittidae Stenotritidae Bee collecting pollen Bees (a monophyletic lineage within the superfamily Apoidea, presently classified by the unranked taxon name Anthophila) are flying insects, closely related to wasps and ants. ... Binomial name Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758 The Western honey bee or European honey bee (Apis mellifera) is a species of honey bee comprised of several subspecies or races. ... Carniola English and Latin; (Slovenian Kranjska, German Krain) is a name for a region in Slovenia. ... The West face of the Petit Dru above the Chamonix valley near the Mer de Glace. ... ... Apis mellifera ligustica is the Italian bee which is a sub-species of the Western honeybee (Apis mellifera). ... A jar of honey, shown with a wooden honey server and scones. ... SEM image of pollen grains from a variety of common plants: sunflower (Helianthus annuus), morning glory (Ipomoea purpurea), hollyhock (Sidalcea malviflora), lily (Lilium auratum), primrose (Oenothera fruticosa), and castor bean (Ricinus communis). ...


Anatomy and Appearance

Carniolan honey bees are about the same size as the Italian honeybee race, but they are physically distinguished by their generally dusky brown-grey color that is relieved by stripes of a subdued lighter brown color. Their chitin is dark, but it is possible to find lighter colored or brown colored rings and dots on their bodies. They are also known as the ‘Grey Bee’.


Carniolan bees are nearly as big and long as the Western European black bees, though their abdomens are much slimmer. Furthermore, the Carniolan bee has a very long tongue (6.5 to 6.7 mm, which is very well adapted for clover), a very high elbow joint and very short hair.[1] Trinomial name Apis mellifera mellifera Linaneus, 1758 The European dark bee (Apis mellifera mellifera) was domesticated in modern times, and taken to North America in colonial times. ...


Character and Behavior

Beneficial

  • considered to be gentle and non-aggressive
  • can be kept in populated areas.
  • sense of orientation considered better than the Italian honey bee race
  • less drifting of bees from one hive to a neighboring hive
  • when compared to the Italian race, they are not as prone to rob honey
  • able to overwinter in smaller numbers of winter bees; honey stores are conserved.
  • able to quickly adapt to changes in the environment
  • better for areas with long winters
  • rhythm of brood production very steep. Brood rearing is reduced when available forage decreases
  • small use of propolis
  • resistant to brood diseases
  • for areas with strong spring nectar flow and early pollination
  • forage earlier in the morning and later in the evening, and on cool, wet days.

Not beneficial Propolis is a wax-like resinous substance collected by bees from tree buds and used as cement and to seal cracks or open spaces in the hive. ... -- see Discussion -- // Northern nectar sources for honeybees The nectar source in a given area depends on the type of vegetation present and the length of their bloom period. ...

  • more prone to swarming if overcrowded
  • low ability to produce wax and build comb (not uniformly accepted as fact)
  • low ability to thrive in hot summer weather
  • strength of broodnest more dependent on availability of pollen
  • dark queen is difficult to find

Honeycomb on a Langstroth frame A honeycomb is a mass of hexagonal wax cells built by honeybees in their nests to contain their larvae and stores of honey and pollen. ...

References

  1. ^ Graham, Joe. The Hive and the Honey Bee. Hamilton/IL: Dadant & Sons; 1992; ISBN 0-915698-09-9.

The University of Tennessee (UT), sometimes called the University of Tennessee, Knoxville (UT Knoxville or UTK), is the flagship institution of the statewide land-grant University of Tennessee public university system. ... The Ohio State University (OSU) is a coeducational public research university in the U.S. state of Ohio. ...

External links

  • Slovenian beekeeper webpage
  • Carnica Royal Jelly Research
  • Slovenian beekeeping portal
  • Italian beekeeper webpage

 

Honey bee types and characteristics (edit)
Queen bees
Worker and drone bees
Worker bee | Laying worker bee | Drone
Lifecycle
Beehive | Honey bee life cycle | Brood
Bee learning and communication | Swarming
Species
Apis mellifera mellifera | Africanized bee | Buckfast bee
Carniolan honey bee | Italian bee | Western honey bee
Cultivation
Beekeeping | Beeswax | Honey
Apiary | Beehive | Langstroth hive | Top-bar hive
Lists
List of honey bee articles | List of honey bee races
Diseases of the honey bee


 

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