Carolina Henriette Mac Gillavry (Amsterdam, January 22, 1904 - Amsterdam, May 9, 1993) was a Dutch chemist and crystallographer. She is known for her discoveries on the use of diffraction in crystallography. Amsterdam Location Flag Country Netherlands Province North Holland Population 742,951(1 January 2005) Demonym Amsterdammer Coordinates Website www. ... January 22 is the 22nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1904 (MCMIV) was a leap year starting on a Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... May 9 is the 129th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (130th in leap years). ... 1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and marked the Beginning of the International Decade to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination (1993-2003). ... Chemist Julie Perkins of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory pours from a Florence flask. ... Crystallography (from the Greek words crystallon = cold drop / frozen drop, with its meaning extending to all solids with some degree of transparency, and graphein = write) is the experimental science of determining the arrangement of atoms in solids. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

Short Biography

Mac Gillavry was born in an intellectual family (her father was a brain surgeon, her mother a teacher). She was the second of six children. In 1921 she began a study in chemistry at the University of Amsterdam, where she became interested in the (then) new field of quantum mechanics. In 1932 she finished her studies and became the assistent of the chemist A. Smits. She became a friend of J.H. Bijvoet, who interested her in crystallography. In 1937 she wrote her PhD thesis on the subject. She then became assistent of A.E. van Arkel at Leiden, but Bijvoet asked her to come back to the Amsterdam crystallography laboratory that same year. Together with Bijvoet she did research in electromagnetic diffraction and its use in crystallography. She also did research in anorganic chemistry. Comparative brain sizes In animals, the brain, or encephalon (Greek for in the head), is the control center of the central nervous system. ... A thoracic surgeon performs a mitral valve replacement at the Fitzsimons Army Medical Center, November 1990. ... Chemistry (derived from alchemy) is the science of matter at or near the atomic scale. ... From Athenaeum Illustre to University In January 1632 two internationally acclaimed scientists, Caspar Barlaeus and Gerardus Vossius, held their inaugural speech in the Athenaeum Illustre - the illustrious school - which had its seat in the 14th-century Agnietenkapel. ... For a non-technical introduction to the topic, please see Introduction to Quantum mechanics. ... PhD usually refers to the academic title Doctor of Philosophy PhD can also refer to the manga Phantasy Degree This is a disambiguation page — a list of pages that otherwise might share the same title. ... Look up thesis in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Anton Eduard van Arkel, (s-Gravenzande Netherlands, November 19, 1893 – Leiden, March 14, 1976) was a Dutch chemist. ... Leyden redirects here. ... Biochemistry laboratory at the University of Cologne. ... Electromagnetic radiation can be conceptualized as a self propagating transverse oscillating wave of electric and magnetic fields. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

After the second world war she was one of the developers of direct methods, a new way of calculus that could be used in crystallography. The method uses the Harker Kasper inequility, that was first published in 1948 by crystallographers D. Harker and J.S. Kasper. Because of her work on Harker Kasper inequilities she became an international authority on the subject. In 1948 she worked with R. Pepinsky in Auburn, Alabama, for a year. The Dutch company Philips also got interested in her work on the chemistry of solids. She became a professor at the University of Amsterdam in 1957, where she used her international contacts for the benefit of her students. Mushroom cloud from the nuclear explosion over Nagasaki rising 18 km into the air. ... Calculus is a central branch of mathematics, developed from algebra and geometry. ... Scientific literature is the totality of publications that report original empirical and theoretical work in the sciences and social sciences. ... Flag Seal Nickname: The Loveliest Village on the Plains Location Location in Lee County, Alabama Coordinates , Government Country State County United States Alabama Lee County, Alabama Mayor Bill Ham, Jr. ... Official language(s) English Capital Montgomery Largest city Birmingham Area  Ranked 30th  - Total 52,423 sq mi (135,775 km²)  - Width 190 miles (306 km)  - Length 330 miles (531 km)  - % water 3. ... Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. (Royal Philips Electronics N.V.), usually known as Philips, (Euronext: PHIA, NYSE: PHG) is one of the largest electronics companies in the world. ... In jewelry, a solid gold piece is the alternative to gold-filled or gold-plated jewelry. ... A professor giving a lecture The meaning of the word professor (Latin: one who claims publicly to be an expert) varies. ...

In the English speaking world Mac Gillavry became most famous for her book Symmetry aspects of M.C. Escher's periodic drawings on the works of M.C. Escher. The book was instrumental in drawing international attention to the artist as well. Mac Gillavry married the oto-rhino-larynologist J.H. Nieuwenhuizen in 1968. In 1972 she retired. Self portrait, 1943¹ Maurits Cornelis Escher (Leeuwarden, June 17, 1898 - Laren, March 27, 1972) was a Dutch artist most known for his woodcuts, lithographs and mezzotints, which tend to feature impossible constructions, explorations of infinity, and tessellations. ... Otology is a small, unknown but increasingly popular religion which consits of fellow OTers. ... Rhinology is the study of the nose, including the sinuses. ... Laryngology is that branch of medicine which deals with the illnesses and injuries of the larynx. ...

External links

• M.Th. Bruinvels-Bakker, Mac Gillavry, Carolina Henriette (1904-1993), in: Biografisch Woordenboek van Nederland (in Dutch).