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Cartago is built 4930 ft. above sea-level, on the fertile and beautiful plateau of San Jos, and at the southern base of the volcano Irazfl (II,2ooft.).
Some of its older buildings, especially the churches, are of considerable interest; but all bear marks of the volcanic disturbances from which the town has suffered on many occasionsnotably in 1723, when it was nearly overwhelmed by the bursting of the flooded crater of Irazfl, and in 1841, when it was shattered by an earthquake.
Cartago is said to have been in existence as early as 1522; it was probably named in 1563 by the Spaniard Vazquez de Coronado, to whom its foundation is often ascribed.