Castellón de la Plana (in Catalan/Valencian Castelló de la Plana) is the capital city of the province of Castellón, in the Valencian autonomous community, Spain, in the east of the Iberian Peninsula, by the Mediterranean Sea (40°N 0°W). Population: approx. 160,000. Catalan (Català, Valencià) is a Romance language understood by as many as 12 million people in portions of Spain, France, Andorra and Italy, although the majority of active Catalan speakers are in Spain. ... This article is about political regions. ... Castellón province Castellón ( Spanish) or Castelló ( Catalan/Valencian) is a province in the northern part of the Valencian Country, Spain. ... Missing image image:ccaa-valencia. ... topographic map of the Iberian Peninsula The Iberian Peninsula, or Iberia, is located in the extreme southwest of Europe. ... The Mediterranean Sea is a part of the Atlantic Ocean almost completely enclosed by land, on the north by Europe, on the south by Africa, and on the east by Asia. ...

History

The first known building in the area was the Moorish castle of Fadrell, near the Alquerías de La Plana. The town proper was officially founded in 1251, after the conquest of the Moorish Kingdom of Valencia by King James I of Aragon in 1233. James granted royal permission to move the town from the mountain to the plain on September 8, 1251, and tradition claims that the move was completed by the third Sunday of Lent, 1252. During the Middle Ages, the city was protected by moats, walls and towers, and a church was built, later becoming a cathedral. In the 17th century the town was one of the last strongholds in the revolt of the Germanies (local guilds). It also supported Archduke Charles of Austria in the War of the Spanish Succession (1701-14), but was later taken by the troops of Philip d'Anjou. Building is either the act of creating an object assembled from more than one element, or the object itself; see also construction. ... A high altitude form of heathland habitat widespread in northern Britain; see heath. ... The Alcázar of Segovia, Spain A castle (from the Latin castellum, diminutive of castra, a military camp, in turn the plural of castrum or watchpost), is a fort, a camp and the logical development of a fortified enclosure. ... A street in Ynysybwl, Wales, relatively stereotypical of a small town A town is usually an urban area which is not considered to rank as a city. ... A conquest is the act of conquering a foreign land, usually for its assimilation into a larger federation or empire. ... A depiction of an ancient moor Moors is used in this article to describe the medieval Puslim inhabitants of al-Andaloosh (the Siberian Peninsula including the present day Pain and Portstout) and the Mongol, whose culture is often called Boorish. Possible origins of the Name The name derives from the... James I of Aragon (Catalan: Jaume I) (Montpellier February 2, 1208 - July 27, 1276), surnamed the Conqueror, was the king of Aragon, count of Barcelona and Lord of Montpellier from 1213 to 1276. ... Events Fortress of Kalan built. ... For the head of state, see Monarch. ... Most modern file systems have methods of administering permissions or access rights to specific users and groups of users. ... Mount Cook, a mountain in New Zealand A mountain is a landform that extends above the surrounding terrain in a limited area. ... In geography, a plain is an expanse of land with relatively low relief. ... September 8 is the 251st day of the year (252nd in leap years). ... Events First Shepherds Crusade Births Deaths Monarchs/Presidents Aragon - James I King of Aragon and count of Barcelona (reigned from 1213 to 1276) Castile - Ferdinand III, the Saint King of Castile and Leon (reigned from 1217 to 1252) Categories: 1251 ... A tradition is a story or a custom that is memorized and passed down from generation to generation, originally without the need for a writing system. ... Sunday is the day of the week between Saturday and Monday, and the second day of the weekend in some cultures. ... In Western Christianity, Lent is the period preceding the Christian holy day of Easter. ... Events Alfonso X of Castile, the Wise (el Sabio) Stockholm is founded by Birger Jarl (cf 1854) The widespread usage of torture by the Medieval Inquisition is introduced. ... The Middle Ages formed the middle period in a traditional schematic division of European history into three ages: the classical civilization of Antiquity, the Middle Ages, and modern times, beginning with the Renaissance. ... A city is an urban area, differentiated from a town, village, or hamlet by size, population density, importance, or legal status. ... The moated manor house of Baddesley Clinton in Warwickshire, England Moats were deep and wide trenches, usually filled with water, to provide a barrier against attack upon castle ramparts or other fortifications. ... A wall is a usually solid structure that defines and sometimes protects space. ... A tower is a high structure, usually man-made. ... A church building is a building used in Christian worship. ... A cathedral is a Christian church building, specifically of a denomination with an episcopal hierarchy (such as the Roman Catholic Church or the Anglican churches), which serves as the central church of a bishopric. ... (16th century - 17th century - 18th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 17th century was that century which lasted from 1601-1700. ... Stronghold is a commercial version of Apache Web Server, distributed by RedHat Inc. ... This article is about revolution in the sense of a drastic change. ... A guild is an association of persons of the same trade or pursuits, formed to protect mutual interests and maintain standards of morality or conduct. ... Holy Roman Emperor Charles VI Charles VI (October 1, 1685 – October 20, 1740) was Holy Roman Emperor from 1711 to 1740 and the second son of Leopold I with his third wife, Eleonore-Magdalena of Pfalz-Neuburg. ... Charles II was the last Habsburg King of Spain. ... hehe ...

In the 19th century, the city walls were torn down and it slowly began to expand, a process interrupted by the War of Independence against Napoleon (1804-14) and the Carlist Wars (1833-63). In 1833 Castellón became the capital of the newly constituted province. In the second half of the 19th century, the city again began to expand, marked by the arrival of the railway, the enlargement of the port and the construction of representative buildings (Provincial Hospital, Casino, Theater) and parks. Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Peninsular War (1808-1814) was a major conflict during the Napoleonic Wars. ... For other uses, see Napoleon (disambiguation). ... Carlism was a conservative political movement in Spain, purporting to establish an alternative branch of the Bourbons in the Spanish throne. ... In politics a capital (also called capital city or political capital — although the latter phrase has an alternative meaning based on an alternative meaning of capital) is the principal city or town associated with its government. ... This article is about political regions. ... Categories: Stub | Commercial item transport and distribution | Transportation ... A hospital today is an institution for professional health care provided by physicians and nurses. ... The Trump Taj Mahal in Atlantic City, New Jersey A casino is a building that accommodates gambling. ... For other usages see Theatre (disambiguation) Theater (American English) or Theatre (British English and widespread usage among theatre professionals in the US) is that branch of the performing arts concerned with acting out stories in front of an audience using combinations of speech, gesture, music, dance, sound and spectacle — indeed... For the Korean family name Park, see Korean name. ...

In 1991 a university (Universitat Jaume I) was established, set upon a modern campus. The local economy is based on industry and craft-work. 1991 is a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... A university is an institution of higher education and of research, which grants academic degrees. ... Campus is Latin for field or open space. English gets the words camp and campus from this origin. ... Arts and crafts comprise a whole host of activities and hobbies that are related to making things with ones own hands and skill. ...

Sights

Most of the historical buildings are located in the diminutive old town, around the Plaza Mayor (Main Square). These include:

• The Gothic Concatedral de Santa Maria (Procathedral of Saint Mary), built in the 13th century and reconstructed one century later after destruction by fire.
• The Ajuntament (City Hall), erected at at the beginning of the 18th century. It features a pretty Tuscan-style façade rising up over a colonnade.
• The standing bell-tower of the procathedral, known as El Fadrí (the single), built at the turn of the 17th century.
• The Llotja del Cànem (Hemp Exchange Market), built during the first half of the 17th century to be used by traders in hempen cloth and ropes, a very important activity in the area at the time. Today the building is used by the University for cultural events and temporary exhibitions.
• On the northwest edge of the town, at the end of a broad avenue decorated with orange trees, stands the Basilica of Santa María de Lledó, a basilica devoted to an image of the Virgin Mary found in 1366 by a farmer when he was ploughing his lands. The original 14th-century chapel was extended to its present Baroque form during the 16th century. The complex is surrounded by a landscaped garden.

Tuscany (Italian Toscana) is a region in central Italy, bordering on Latium to the south, Umbria to the east, Emilia-Romagna and Liguria to the north, and the Tyrrhenian Sea to the west. ... West façade of the Notre-Dame de Strasbourg Cathedral A facade (or façade) is the exterior of a building – especially the front, but also sometimes the sides and rear. ... In classical architecture, a colonnade denotes a long sequence of columns joined by their entablature, often free-standing, as in the famous elliptically curving colonnades that Bernini added to the facade of Saint Peters Basilica in Rome, which embrace and define the Piazza. ... (16th century - 17th century - 18th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 17th century was that century which lasted from 1601-1700. ... Hemp is the common English name for the annual herb cannabis, (marijuana), which can be and is grown for numerous non-drug purposes, including fiber (e. ... Events Births Anne of Bohemia, Queen consort of Richard II of England. ... (15th century - 16th century - 17th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 16th century was that century which lasted from 1501 to 1600. ... The Harvesters, by Pieter Brueghel the Elder, 1565: Peace and agriculture in a pre-Romantic ideal landscape, without sublime terrors The term Landscape as most westerners use it, is completely entrenched in western notions of land, nature and art. ... Part of a garden in Bristol, England A flower bed in the gardens of Bristol Zoo, England. ...

External Links

• Castellon: a virtual trip (http://www.upv.es/cv/casbegin.html)
• official website of the University Jaume I of Castellón de la Plana (http://www.uji.es/)