NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Cathedral of Modena

The Duomo of Modena, in Italy is one of the most important Romanesque buildings of Europe and a World Heritage Site. Duomo literally means a Cathedral. Modena (MÃ²dna in Modenese dialect) is a city and a province on the south side of the Po valley, in Emilia-Romagna, Italy. ... Romanesque St. ... World map showing Europe Political map Europe is one of the seven continents of Earth which, in this case, is more a cultural and political distinction than a physiographic one, leading to various perspectives about Europes borders. ... Site #86: Memphis and its Necropolis, including the Pyramids of Giza (Egypt). ... A cathedral is a Christian church building, specifically of a denomination with an episcopal hierarchy, such as the Anglican, Catholic and some Lutheran churches, which serves as the central church of a diocese, and thus as a bishops seat. ...

Construction

The work on the Cathedral started from 1099 by the architect Lanfranco, over the site of the sepulchre of Saint Geminianuswho was Modena's patron saint. Already two churches have been constructed there since 400 AD, but they had been both destroyed. The Saint's remains are still exhibited in the Cathedral's crypt. 1099 also refers to a United States tax form used for, among other purposes, reporting payments made to independent Contractors. ... Saint Geminianus from pentaptych by Simone Martini (c. ... Events First invasion of Italy by Alaric (probable date). ... Crypt is also a commonly used name of water trumpets, aquatic plants. ...

Embellishment

After Lanfranco's work, the Cathedral was embellished by Anselmo da Campione and his heirs, the so-called "campionese-masters". The currente façade is therefore the result of different styles. The majestic rose-window was added by Anselmo in the 13th century, while the two lions sustaining the entrance's columns are of Roman age, probably discovered while digging for the foundations. (12th century - 13th century - 14th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 13th century was that century which lasted from 1201 to 1300. ... Binomial name Panthera leo (Linnaeus, 1758) The Lion (Panthera leo) is a mammal of the family Felidae and one of four big cats in the panthera genus. ... The Roman Forum was the central area around which ancient Rome developed. ...

Façade

The façade has also notable reliefs by Wiligelmus, a contemporary of Lanfranco's; these include portraits of prophets and patriarchs, and most of all the Biblical Stories, an absolute masterpiece of Romanesque sculpture. The scholars have pointed out the splendid achievements in the creation of Adam and Eve, the original sin and the story of Noah. In the art of sculpture, a relief is an artwork where a modelled form projects out of a flat background. ... A prophet is a person who has directly encountered God, of whose intentions he can then speak. ... Originally a patriarch was a man who exercised autocratic authority as a pater familias over an extended family. ... Michelangelos Creation of Adam, from the Sistine Chapel. ... Noahs Ark, FranzÃ¶sischer Meister (The French Master), Magyar SzÃ©pmÃ¼vÃ©szeti MÃºzeum, Budapest. ...

The side gates are also noteworthy. On Piazza Grande, the Porta Regia ("Royal Gate"), also by the campionesi, and the shorter Porta dei Principi ("Princes' Gate"), decorated with a relief depicting episodes of the life of Saint Geminianus, by a pupil of Wiligelmus'. On the northern side is the Porta della Peschiera ("Fish-Market's Gate"), with reliefs inspired by the cycle of the years' twelve months (on the doorposts) and tales from the Breton Cycle of King Arthur (on the arch). The month is a unit of time, used with calendars, which is approximately as long as some natural period related to the motion of the Moon. ... Breton (Breton: Brezhoneg) is a Celtic language spoken by some of the inhabitants of Brittany (Breizh) and Loire-Atlantique (historically part of Brittany) in France. ... King Arthur is an important figure in the mythology of Great Britain, where he appears as the ideal of kingship in both war and peace. ...

Interiors

The interior is divided into three naves. Between the central nave and the crypt is a marble parapet by Anselmo da Campione portraying the Passion of Christ, including the Last Supper. The pulpit is by Arrigo da Campione, decorated with small terracotta statues. Notable also the wood crucifix from the 14th century. Links to full descriptions of the elements of a Gothic floorplan are also found at the entry Cathedral diagram. ... The Passion is the technical term for the suffering and Agony of Jesus that led directly to the Crucifixion, a central Christian event. ... The Last Supper fresco in Milan (1498), by Leonardo da Vinci According to gospel, the Last Supper was the last meal Jesus shared with his apostles before his death. ... For other uses of Ambo, see Ambo, Ethiopia and ambulance. ... Terra cotta is a hard semifired waterproof ceramic clay used in pottery and building construction. ... This 14th-century statue from south India depicts the gods Shiva (on the left) and Uma (on the right). ...

The Duomo houses also the nativity scenes by two great Modenese artistis: Antonio Begarelli's one (1527) and, in the crpyt, Guido Mazzoni's one (1480), also known as the Madonna della Pappa ("Madonna of the Pap"). A traditional nativity scene from Naples, Italy A nativity scene, also called a crib or crÃ¨che (meaning crib or manger in French) generally refers to any depiction of the birth or birthplace of Jesus. ... Events January 5 - Felix Manz, co-founder of the Swiss Anabaptists, was drowned in the Limmat River in ZÃ¼rich by the ZÃ¼rich Reformed state church. ... Events March 6 - Treaty of Toledo - Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain recognize African conquests of Afonso of Portugal and he cedes the Canary Islands to Spain Great standing on the Ugra river - Muscovy becomes independent from the Golden Horde. ...

World Heritage Sites in Italy

Aeolian Islands | Aquileia | Archaeological Area of Agrigento | Archaeological Areas of Pompeii, Herculaneum and Torre Annunziata | Botanical Garden, Padua | Caserta Palace and Related Monuments | Castel del Monte | Cilento and Vallo di Diano with Paestum and Velia | Cathedral, Torre Civica and Piazza Grande, Modena | Santa Maria delle Grazie, Milan | Costiera Amalfitana | Crespi d'Adda | Early Christian Monuments of Ravenna | Etruscan Necropoli of Cerveteri and Tarquinia | Ferrara and its Po Delta | Florence | Franciscan Sites of Assisi | I Sassi di Matera | Val di Noto | Historic Centre of Naples | Piazza del Duomo, Pisa | Pienza | Portovenere, Cinque Terre and the Islands (Palmaria, Tino and Tinetto) | Residences of the Royal House of Savoy | Rock Drawings in Valcamonica | Rome (w/ Holy See) | Sacri Monti of Piedmont and Lombardy | San Gimignano | Siena | Su Nuraxi di Barumini | Syracuse with Pantalica | Trulli of Alberobello | Urbino | Val d'Orcia | Venice and its Lagoon | Verona | Vicenza and the Palladian Villas of the Veneto | Villa Adriana (Tivoli) | Villa d'Este, Tivoli | Villa Romana del Casale Image File history File links Flag_of_Italy. ... Elabana Falls is in Lamington National Park, part of the Central Eastern Rainforest Reserves World Heritage site in Queensland, Australia. ... The Aeolian Islands. ... Aquileia (Friulian Aquilee, Slovene Oglej), an ancient Roman town of Italy, at the head of the Adriatic at the edge of the lagoons, about 6 miles from the sea, on the river Natiso (mod. ... Agrigento (formerly Girgenti) is the name of a town on the southern coast of Italy, capital of the province of Agrigento. ... A computer-generated depiction of the eruption of Vesuvius in AD 79 which buried Pompeii, from Discovery Channels Pompeii: The Last Day. ... Herculaneum (in modern Italian formerly Resina, but since 1969 Ercolano) was an ancient Roman town, located in the territory of the current commune of Ercolano, in the Italian region of Campania. ... Torre Annunziata, population 52,875 (1991), is a city in the province of Naples, region of Campania in Italy. ... The Botanical Garden of Padova (or Garden of the Simples) in a 16th century print; in the background, the Basilica of SantAntonio. ... View from the gardens on Caserta Caserta Palace, near Naples was certainly the largest palace and probably the largest building erected in Europe in the 18th century. ... Castel del Monte. ... Paestum overview Paestum is the classical Roman name of a major Graeco-Roman city in the Campania region of Italy. ... Velia is an ancient town of Lucania (present Basilicata), Italy, on the hill now crowned by the medieval castle of Castellainmare della Bruca, 440 ft. ... Modena (MÃ²dna in Modenese dialect) is a city and a province on the south side of the Po valley, in Emilia-Romagna, Italy. ... Santa Maria delle Grazie is a Renaissance church in Milan built by Guiniforte Solari between 1466 and 1490 on a commission by Dominican monks. ... The Amalfi Coast The Amalfi Coast, or Costiera Amalfitana in Italian, is a stretch of coastline on the southern side of the Sorrentine Peninsula of Italy (Province of Salerno) extending from Positano in the west to Vietri sul Mare in the east. ... The Crespi factory Crespi dAdda is a worker village in Italy founded in the 19th century. ... Ravenna is a city in the Emilia-Romagna region of Italy. ... A small town located approximately 60 miles N of Rome. ... Tarquinia, formerly Corneto and in Antiquity Tarquinii, is an ancient city in the province of Viterbo, Lazio, Italy. ... Ferrara is a city, an archiepiscopal see in Emilia-Romagna, Italy, capital city of the province of Ferrara. ... Founded 59 BC as Florentia Region Tuscany Mayor Leonardo Domenici (Democratici di Sinistra) Area - City Proper 102 kmÂ² Population - City (2004) - Metropolitan - Density (city proper) 356,000 almost 500,000 3,453/kmÂ² Time zone CET, UTC+1 Latitude Longitude 43Â°47 N 11Â°15 E www. ... Crest of the township (comune) of Assisi Assisi (Latin: Asisium) is a town and episcopal see in Italy in Perugia province, Italy, in the Umbria region, on the western flank of Mt. ... A street corner in the ancient Sassi di Matera as it looks today. ... Val di Noto (English: Valley of Noto) is a geographical area of south east Sicily; it is dominated by the limestone Iblean plateau. ... Naples (Italian Napoli, Neapolitan NÃ pule, from Greek ÎÎÎ± Î ÏŒÎ»Î¹Ï‚ - NÃ©a PÃ³lis - meaning New City; see also List of traditional Greek place names) is the largest city in southern Italy and capital of Campania Region and the Province of Naples. ... The Campo dei Miracoli (Field of Miracles) is a wide, walled area at the heart of the city of Pisa, Tuscany, Italy (, ), recognized as one of the main centers for Mediaeval art in the world. ... Pienza is town and commune in the province of Siena, in the Val dOrcia in Tuscany (central Italy), between the towns of Montepulciano and Montalcino. ... Portovenere is a village in Liguria, Italy located 12km from La Spezia. ... Monterosso Vernazza Corniglia Manarola Riomaggiore The Cinque Terre are five coastal villages in the province of La Spezia in Italy. ... Tino The Italian island of Tino is situated in the Ligurian Sea, at the westernmost end of the Gulf of La Spezia. ... The Residences of the Royal House of Savoy is a World Heritage Site in the Province of Torino, Italy (1997), which includes the following patrimonies: Palazzo Carignano. ... Val Camonica is a valley in the lower Alpine regions of Lombardy, Italy. ... City motto: Senatus Populusque Romanus â€“ SPQR (The Senate and the People of Rome) Founded 21 April 753 BC (mythical), early 1st millennium BC (archaeological) Region Latium Area - City Proper 1285 kmÂ² Population - City (2004) - Metropolitan - Density (city proper) 2,553,873 almost 4,300,000 1. ... San Gimignano. ... Siena is a city in Tuscany, Italy. ... Nuraghe Losa from within looking skyward Su Nurraxi nuragic village, the central tower can be visited, it is more than 20 m high Su Nurraxi. ... Clinton Square in Downtown Syracuse Syracuse is an American city in Central New York. ... The Necropolis of Pantalica is a large necropolis in Sicily with about 5000 tombs dating from the 13th to the 7th centuries BC. Pantalica is situated in the valleys of the rivers Anapo and Calcinara, between the towns of Ferla and Sortino in south-eastern Sicily. ... Trulli roofs from Alberobello. ... Alberobello is a small town in the province of Bari, in Puglia, Italy. ... Panorama of Urbino with the cathedral and the palazzo ducale Urbino is a city in the Marche in Italy, southwest of Pesaro, a World Heritage Site with a great cultural history during the Renaissance as the seat of Federico da Montefeltro. ... Venice (Italian: Venezia, Venetian: Venexia), nicknamed the city of canals, is the capital of the region of Veneto and of the province of Venice in Italy. ... Map of Italy showing Verona in the north Verona (population est. ... Vicenza is a city in northern Italy, is the capital of the eponymous province in the Veneto region, at the northern base of the Monti Berici, straddling the Bacchiglione. ... City of Vicenza and the Palladian Villas of the Veneto is a cluster of works by Andrea Palladio and his disciples which were inscribed on the World Heritage List in 1994 and expanded two years later. ... The villas recreation of Canopus, a resort near Alexandria, as seen from the temple of Serapis Theatrical masks of Tragedy and Comedy in refined mosaic, from the villa (Capitoline Museum, Rome) The Villa of the Emperor Hadrian at Tivoli, Italy, even in ruined condition is one of the most... Park of the Villa dEste, Carl Blechen, 1830 The gardens at the Villa dEste The Villa dEste is a masterpiece of Italian architecture and garden design. ... The Villa Romana del Casale is an excavated Roman villa containing some of the best examples of Roman mosaics in their original settings in the world. ...

Contents

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Embellishment

Façade

Interiors

Construction