? Cattleya
Cattleya labiata
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae Division: Magnoliophyta Class: Liliopsida Order: Asparagales Family: Orchidaceae Subfamily: Epidendroideae Tribe: Epidendreae Subtribe: Laeliinae Alliance: Cattleya Genus: Cattleya Lindl.
Species
See text Cattleya labiata (an orchid) Downloaded from : [[1]] Credits  : Library of Congress - Jeffersons Legacy Image from The Botanical Cabinet - Conrad Loddiges & Son, London (1817-1833) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Jump to: navigation, search Scientific classification or biological classification is how biologists group and categorize extinct and living species of organisms. ... Jump to: navigation, search Divisions Land plants (embryophytes) Non-vascular plants (bryophytes) Hepaticophyta - liverworts Anthocerotophyta - hornworts Bryophyta - mosses Vascular plants (tracheophytes) Lycopodiophyta - clubmosses Equisetophyta - horsetails Pteridophyta - true ferns Psilotophyta - whisk ferns Ophioglossophyta - adderstongues Seed plants (spermatophytes) †Pteridospermatophyta - seed ferns Pinophyta - conifers Cycadophyta - cycads Ginkgophyta - ginkgo Gnetophyta - gnetae Magnoliophyta - flowering plants... Jump to: navigation, search Classes Magnoliopsida - Dicots Liliopsida - Monocots The flowering plants (also angiosperms) are a major group of land plants. ... Jump to: navigation, search Orders Base Monocots: Acorus Alismatales Asparagales Dioscoreales Liliales Pandanales Family Petrosaviaceae Commelinids: Arecales Commelinales Poales Zingiberales Family Dasypogonaceae The Monocotyledons or monocots are an extremely important group of flowering plants, dominating great parts of the earth and with many economically important plants. ... Families according to the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group Agapanthus Agavaceae Alliaceae Amaryllidaceae Aphyllanthaceae Asparagaceae Asphodelaceae Asteliaceae Blandfordiaceae Boryaceae Doryanthaceae Hemerocallidaceae Hyacinthaceae Hypoxidaceae Iridaceae Ixioliriaceae Lanariaceae Laxmanniaceae Orchidaceae Ruscaceae Tecophilaeaceae Themidaceae Xanthorrhoea Xeronema Asparagales is an order of monocots which includes a number of families of non-woody plants. ... Jump to: navigation, search Genera Over 800 See List of Orchidaceae genera. ... Tribes See text The Epidendroideae, or epidendroid orchids, are a subfamily of the orchid family (Orchidaceae). ... Orchid re-directs here; for alternate uses see Orchid (disambiguation) Genera Over 800 See List of Orchidaceae genera. ... John Lindley (February 8, 1799 - November 1, 1865) was an English botanist. ...

Cattleya is a genus of approximately 53 species of orchids from Mexico to tropical South America. The species was named in 1824 by John Lindley after William Cattley, who received and successfully cultivated specimens of Cattleya labiata that were used as packing material in a shipment of other orchids. Orchid re-directs here; for alternate uses see Orchid (disambiguation) Genera Over 800 See List of Orchidaceae genera. ... South America South America is a continent crossed by the equator, with most of its area in the Southern Hemisphere. ... John Lindley (February 8, 1799 - November 1, 1865) was an English botanist. ...

They are widely known for their large, showy flowers, and were used extensively in hybridization for the cut-flower trade until quite recently. This genus and the numerous hybrids come close, through their beauty, to the idealized picture we have of the orchids. The flowers of the hybrids can vary in size from 5 cm to 15 cm or more. They occur in all colors except true blue and black. // Flower Anatomy Flowering plants are heterosporangiate (producing two types of reproductive spores) and the pollen (male spores) and ovules (female spores) are produced in different organs, but these are together in a bisporangiate strobilus that is the typical flower. ... Jump to: navigation, search In biology, hybrid has three meanings. ...

The typical flower has three rather narrow petals : two are fringed, and the third is the conspicuous lip with a fringed margin and various markings and specks. At the base, the fringed margins are folded into a tube. Each flower stalk originates from a pseudobulb. The number of flowers varies; it can be just one or two, or sometimes up to ten. // Flower Anatomy Flowering plants are heterosporangiate (producing two types of reproductive spores) and the pollen (male spores) and ovules (female spores) are produced in different organs, but these are together in a bisporangiate strobilus that is the typical flower. ... A petal is one member or part of the corolla of a flower. ... The Labellum (or Lip) is a part of an orchid. ...

Taxonomy

The genus is divided into two groups:

• bifoliate Cattleyas, occurring in Mexico and Brazil. Two broad leaves grow from each pseudobulb
• monofoliate Cattleyas, occurring in Brazil, Colombia, Panama, Peru and Venezuela. There is only one, narrower and more erect leaf originating from each pseudobulb.

The genus Maelenia Dumort. is synonym of Cattleya. In scientific classification, synonymy is the existence of multiple systematic names to label the same organism. ...

Cultivation

Cattleya orchids are slow-growing, taking 5-7 years or more to flower from seed. Most produce relatively few, large flowers at maturity. As a result, they have been replaced in the cut flower trade with faster-growing, more floriferous genera, such as hybrid cymbidiums and dendrobiums, among others. A seed is the ripened ovule of gymnosperm or angiosperm plants. ... Species See text Cymbidium Swartz 1799, is a genus of 52 evergreen species in the orchid family Orchidaceae, subfamily Epidendroideae, tribe Cymbidieae, subtribe Cyrtopodiinae. ... Species 1188 species; see List of Dendrobium species Dendrobium Swartz is a large genus of tropical orchids that consists of about 1200 species. ...

Culture of these plants is relatively straightforward for orchids, and they are considered by many to be the archetypical epiphytic "orchid" in that they require well-drained media, frequent wet/dry cycles, and good air circulation. An example of an epiphyte assemblage of orchids and bromeliads in a garden setting The term epiphyte refers to any plant that grows upon or attached to another living plant. ...

Members of this genus have been in cultivation for almost two hundred years with varying levels of success. They were very popular in the early 20th century.

Cattleya Sunset view (a hybrid)

Cattleya Sunset View (an orchid hybrid) Downloaded from : [[1]] File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Cattleya Sunset View (an orchid hybrid) Downloaded from : [[1]] File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ...

Species

• Cattleya aclandiae : Lady Ackland's Cattleya (Brazil)
• Cattleya amethystoglossa : Amethyst-lipped Cattleya (Brazil)
• Cattleya araguaiensis : Araguaia Cattleya (Brazil)
• Cattleya aurantiaca : Orange Cattleya (Mexico to C. America).
• Cattleya bicolor : Bicolored Cattleya (SE. Brazil)
  • Cattleya bicolor subsp. bicolor (Brazil). Pseudobulb epiphyte
  • Cattleya bicolor subsp. canastrensis (Brazil) . Pseudobulb epiphyte
  • Cattleya bicolor subsp. minasgairensis (Brazil). Pseudobulb epiphyte
• Cattleya boissieri Colombia.
• Cattleya bowringiana : Bowring's Cattleya (Mexico to Honduras).
• Cattleya × brasiliensis (= C. bicolor × C. harrisoniana) (Brazil) .
• Cattleya × brymeriana (= C. violacea × C. wallisii) (N. Brazil).
• Cattleya x calimaniorum Chiron & V.P.Castro (NE Brazil)
• Cattleya candida (Colombia).
• Cattleya × colnagiana (Brazil).
• Cattleya × dayana (= C. forbesii × C. guttata) (Brazil).
• Cattleya × dolosa (= C. loddigesii × C. walkeriana): Dolose Cattleya, Crafty Cattleya, Deceitful Cattleya (Brazil).
• Cattleya dormaniana : Dorman's Cattleya (Brazil)
• Cattleya dowiana : Queen of the Cattleyas, Dow's Cattleya (Costa Rica to Colombia).
  • Cattleya dowiana var. aurea  : Golden-yellow Cattleya (S. Panama to Colombia). Pseudobulb epiphyte
  • Cattleya dowiana var. dowiana (Costa Rica). Pseudobulb epiphyte
• Cattleya × dukeana (C. bicolor × C. guttata) (SE. Brazil).
• Cattleya dupontii (Brazil).
• Cattleya × duveenii ( = C. guttata × C. harrisoniana) (SE. Brazil).
• Cattleya elegantissima (Venezuela).
• Cattleya elongata : Cattleya with the Elongated Stalk (Brazil)
• Cattleya forbesii : Forbes' Cattleya (Brazil)
• Cattleya gaskelliana : Gaskell's Cattleya (Colombia to Trinidad).
• Cattleya × gransabanensis (= C. jenmanii × C. lawrenceana) (Venezuela).
• Cattleya granulosa : Granulose Cattleya (Brazil)
• Cattleya × guatemalensis (= C. aurantiaca × C. skinneri.) : Guatemalan Cattleya (SE. Mexico to C. America). National flower of Guatemala
• Cattleya guttata : Spotted Cattleya (Brazil).
• Cattleya × hardyana ( = C. dowiana var.aurea × C. warscewiczii): Hardy's Cattleya (Colombia).
• Cattleya harrisoniana : Harrison's Cattleya (SE. Brazil).
• Cattleya herbacea (NE. Argentina).
• Cattleya × hybrida (= C. guttata × C. loddigesii) (SE. Brazil).
• Cattleya × imperator ( = C. granulata × C. labiata) (NE. Brazil).
• Cattleya intermedia : Intermediate Cattleya (SE. & S. Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay).
• Cattleya × intricata (=. C. intermedia × C. leopoldii) (S. Brazil).
• Cattleya iricolor : Rainbow-colored Cattleya (Ecuador to Peru).
• Cattleya × isabella (.= C. forbesii × C. intermedia) (SE. Brazil).
• Cattleya × itatiayae (SE. Brazil).
• Cattleya jenmanii : Jenman's Cattleya (Venezuela to Guyana).
• Cattleya × joaquiniana ( = C. bicolor × C. walkeriana) (Brazil) .
• Cattleya × kautskyi (= C. harrisoniana × C.) (SE. Brazil).
• Cattleya kerrii : Kerr's Cattleya (Brazil).
• Cattleya labiata : Crimson Cattleya, Ruby-lipped Cattleya (Brazil)
• Cattleya lawrenceana : Sir Trevor Lawrence's Cattleya (Venezuela, Guyana, N. Brazil).
• Cattleya loddigesii : Loddiges' Cattleya (SE. Brazil to NE. Argentina).
  • Cattleya loddigesii subsp. loddigesii (SE. Brazil to NE. Argentina). Pseudobulb epiphyte
  • Cattleya loddigesii subsp. purpurea (Brazil). Pseudobulb epiphyte
• Cattleya × lucieniana ( = C. forbesii × C. granulosa) (SE. Brazil).
• Cattleya lueddemanniana : Lueddemann's Cattleya (N. Venezuela).
• Cattleya luteola : Pale-yellow Cattleya (N. Brazil, Ecuador to Bolivia).
• Cattleya maxima : Greatest Cattleya, Christmas Flower (Venezuela to Peru).
• Cattleya × measuresii ( = C. aclandiae × C. walkeriana) (E. Brazil).
• Cattleya mendelii : Mendel's Cattleya (NE. Colombia).
• Cattleya × mesquitae ( = C. nobilior × C. walkeriana) (Brazil).
• Cattleya × mixta ( = C. guttata × C. schofieldiana) (Brazil).
• Cattleya × moduloi (C. schofieldiana × C. warneri) (Brazil).
• Cattleya mooreana : Moore's Cattleya (Peru).
• Cattleya mossiae : Easter Orchid, Mrs. Moss' Cattleya (N. Venezuela)
• Cattleya motae (Brazil).
• Cattleya nobilior : Noble Cattleya (WC. Brazil to Bolivia).
• Cattleya patinii : Patin's Cattleya (Costa Rica to Venezuela, Trinidad).
• Cattleya × patrocinii (= C. guttata × C. warneriana): Patrocinio's Cattleya (SE. Brazil).
• Cattleya percivaliana : Christmas orchid, Percival's Cattleya (Colombia to W. Venezuela).
• Cattleya × picturata ( = C. guttata × C. intermedia) (SE. Brazil).
• Cattleya porphyroglossa : Purple-lipped Cattleya (Brazil).
• Cattleya × resplendens ( = C. granulosa × C. schilleriana) (NE. Brazil)
• Cattleya rex : King of the Cattleyas (Colombia to N. Peru).
• Cattleya schilleriana : Consul Schiller's Cattleya (Brazil).
• Cattleya schofieldiana : Schofield's Cattleya (Brazil)
• Cattleya schroderae : Easter Orchid, Baroness Schroder's Cattleya (NE. Colombia).
• Cattleya × scita (= C. intermedia × C. tigrina) (S. Brazil).
• Cattleya skinneri : Flower of San Sebastian, Skinner's Cattleya (SE. Mexico to C. America).
• Cattleya storeyi (Windward Is.) (Barbados.)
• Cattleya × tenuata (= C. elongata × C. tenuis) (Brazil) .
• Cattleya tenuis : Slender-stemmed Cattleya (NE. Brazil).
• Cattleya tigrina (SE. & S. Brazil).
• Cattleya trianae : Dr. Triana's Cattleya (Colombia).
• Cattleya × undulata ( = C. elongata × C. schilleriana) (Brazil).
• Cattleya velutina : Velvety Cattleya (Brazil)
• Cattleya × venosa (= C. forbesii × C. harrisoniana) (Brazil).
• Cattleya × victoria-regina ( C. guttata × C. labiata) (NE. Brazil).
• Cattleya violacea : Superba of the Orinoco, Violet Cattleya (S. Trop. America).
• Cattleya walkeriana : Walker's Cattleya (WC. & SE. Brazil).
• Cattleya wallisii (N. Brazil).
• Cattleya warneri : Warner's Cattleya (E. Brazil).
• Cattleya warscewiczii : Warscewicz's Cattleya (Colombia).
• Cattleya whitei (Brazil)
• Cattleya × wilsoniana ( = C. bicolor × C. intermedia). (Brazil).
• Cattleya x zayrae V.P.Castro & Cath (bahia, Brazil)

Hybrids

Cattleyas have been hybridized both within the genus and with related genera for centuries, but the last few decades have seen a remarkable increase in both the quantity and quality of the hybrids within the Cattleya alliance. Among the most popular are the BLC (Brassolaeliocattleya) and SLC (Sophrolaeliocattleya) hybrids.

Laelia (L): Breeding with this genus refines the lip of the orchid, producing a more elongated closed "cone" that gracefully opens into the full lip of the blossom. Some species of Laelia also contribute an intense violet shade. L+C = Laeliocattleya, the basis for many more complex and highly popular hybrids. Species See text Laelia is a small genus of eleven species from the orchid family (Orchidaceae) Laelia is one of the most important and popular orchid genera, because of the beautiful flowers, their genetic properties and because they are fairly easy in culture. ...

Brassavola (B): Most crosses with Brassavola are actually done with the Ryncholaelia digbyana flower, which was moved out of the Brassavola genus but is still considered such in naming the hybrid. This cross is made in order to effect the fabulous "feathered" or "ruffled" lip of the bloom; it also expands the lip of the blossom and the most imposing Cattleya hybrids almost always have this species in their ancestry. These are usually the largest of the major Cattleya hybrids. B+C = Brassocattleya, B+L+C = Brassolaeliocattleya Species See text Brassavola (R. Brown, 1813) is a genus of twenty orchids the Orchid family (Orchidaceae), subfamily Epidendroideae, tribe Epidendreae, subtribe Laeliinae. ...

Sophronitis (S): A tiny, flame-colored orchid that introduces the most intense red color to its descendants. Many crimson and scarlet Cattleya hybrids betray Sophronitis in their ancestry. Sophronitis is also used to miniaturize Cattleya hybrids. S+L+C = Sophrolaeliocattleya Species See text Sophronitis Lindley 1828, is a genus of small, epiphytic or lithophytic orchids, growing in the damp montane forest of eastern Brazil, Paraguay and NE Argentine. ...

Potinara: The combination of all three of the above with a Cattleya. Potinaras are not as popular as BLCs or SLCs, but there are some incredible examples coming in all ranges of colors from light green to magenta. Although it is not a rule, they are generally smaller than BLCs but larger than SLCs.

Yamadara: The cross of the BLC combination with an Epidendrum. The addition of Epidendrum appears to increase flower yield, and some Yamadaras are intensely colored. Species ? Epidendrum is a large and very varied genus of the the Orchid Family; some authors refer to it as a mega-genus. ...

Hawkinsara: The SLC combination crossed with Broughtonia. Smaller, often magenta/reddish flowers. Jump to: navigation, search Species Broughtonia negrilensis Broughtonia sanguinea Broughtonia is a genus of orchids (family Orchidaceae) comprising only 2 species. ...

Cattleyas can also be crossed with a large number of other allied genera, including Epidendrum, Broughtonia, Schomburgkia, Diacrium, etc. Hybridization can go all the way up to six parent genera, such as Brassavola x Broughtonia x Cattleya x Laelia x Sophronitis in Hasegawaara.

External link

Painting of a Cattleya by Martin Johnson Heade, 1871 - National Gallery of Art, Washington

• Cattleya Orchid Forum