Municipality of Caxias do Sul
Location in Rio Grande do Sul/Brazil
Basic Information
Nicknames:	"Pearl of the Colonies" "Capital of the Mountains"
Country:	Brazil
State:	Rio Grande do Sul
Area:	1,625.97 km²
Population (2006):	412.053
Density (2006):	243.5/km²
GDP (2006):  - per capita	R$ 8.117.442.000,00 IBGE/2004 R$ 20.485,00 IBGE/2004
HDI (2005)	0.857 — high
Economic Distribution:	Industry: 61,93% Services: 33,22% Agriculture: 4,82%
Elevation:	760 - 800 m
Life expectancy:	74,11 years
Area code:	54
Time zone :	UTC-3
Website :	www.caxias.rs.gov.br
Government
Administration Type:	Municipality
Mayor:	José Ivo Sartori

Called Monumento ao Imigrante, was made with stones in 1950 to commemorate the 75º anniversary of the italian colonization

São Pelegrino's Church has the most important masterworks of the italian painter Aldo Locatelli. Its bronze front doors were sculped in Italy

Caxias do Sul is a city in Rio Grande do Sul, south Brazil, situated in the state's moutainous Serra Gaúcha region. It was established by Italian immigrants on June 20, 1890. Today it is the second largest city in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. The demonym of the citizens of Caxias do Sul is caxiense. Image File history File links Caxias2. ... Flag of Rio Grande do Sul See other Brazilian States Capital Porto Alegre Largest City Porto Alegre Area 282,062 km² Population   - Total   - Density 10. ... Image File history File links RioGrandedoSul_Municip_CaxiasdoSul. ... In political geography and international politics a country is a geographical entity, a territory, most commonly associated with the notions of state or nation. ... A state is a set of institutions that possess the authority to make the rules that govern the people in one or more societies, having internal and external sovereignty over a definite territory. ... Flag of Rio Grande do Sul See other Brazilian States Capital Porto Alegre Largest City Porto Alegre Area 282,062 km² Population   - Total   - Density 10. ... Area is a physical quantity expressing the size of a part of a surface. ... Square kilometre (US spelling: Square kilometer), symbol km², is an SI unit of surface area. ... Map of populations by country Taiwanese people waiting for the Taipei Rapid Transit System in Taipei, Republic of China(Taiwan). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... Population density by country, 2006 Population density is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... Square kilometre (US spelling: Square kilometer), symbol km², is an SI unit of surface area. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... ISO 4217 Code CNY User(s) Mainland of the Peoples Republic of China Inflation 1. ... IBGE, the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica), is the agency responsible for statistical, geographic, cartographic, geodetic and environmental information in Brazil. ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... ISO 4217 Code CNY User(s) Mainland of the Peoples Republic of China Inflation 1. ... IBGE, the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica), is the agency responsible for statistical, geographic, cartographic, geodetic and environmental information in Brazil. ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... World map indicating Human Development Index (2004). ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Basic Definition In geography, the elevation of a geographic location is its height above mean sea level (or some other fixed point). ... World map of life expectancy, 2005 Life expectancy is a statistical measure defined as the expected (mean) survival of human beings based upon a number of criteria such as gender and geographic location. ... A telephone numbering plan is a system that allows subscribers to make and receive telephone calls across long distances. ... A time zone is a region of the Earth that has adopted the same standard time, usually referred to as the local time. ... ... A website (or Web site) is a collection of web pages, typically common to a particular domain name or subdomain on the World Wide Web on the Internet. ... A municipality is an administrative entity composed of a clearly defined territory and its population and commonly referring to a city, town, or village, or a small grouping of them. ... A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning larger, greater) is the modern title of the highest ranking municipal officer. ... Image File history File links Monumento_ao_imigrante. ... Image File history File links Sao_pelegrino. ... The city of Chicago, as seen from the sky The main square of the Catalan city of Sabadell during a popular celebration. ... Flag of Rio Grande do Sul See other Brazilian States Capital Porto Alegre Largest City Porto Alegre Area 282,062 km² Population   - Total   - Density 10. ... A compass rose with South highlighted South is most commonly a noun, adjective, or adverb indicating direction or geography. ... Waterfall in Parque do Caracol in Canela, part of the Serra Gaúcha The Serra Gaúcha, The Gaucho Mountain Range, is the mountainous region of northeastern Rio Grande do Sul state in southern Brazil. ... June 20 is the 171st day of the year (172nd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 194 days remaining. ... 1890 (MDCCCXC) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar). ... Caxiense (cah-shee-EHN-see) refers to a citizen of the city of Caxias do Sul located in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. ...

History

The history of Caxias do Sul starts before the Italians, when the region was being roamed by cattlemen and occupied by Indians. Back then, the region was called ‘Indians Field’. The Italian immigrants’ occupation, mostly farmers from the Veneto region (Italy), started taking place in 1875 in Nova Milano. Hence, they were in search of a better place to live. They also met people Lombardy, Trento, and other places. Although they had gotten some governmental support, such as tools, supplies, and seeds, everything had to be reimbursed.

Two years later, the colonial headquarters of the Indians’ Field was given the name Caxias Colony. The town was created on the 20th of July 1890 and acknowledged in the same year, on the 24th of August. Many economic cycles marked the evolvement of the city throughout that century. The first one is connected to the most peculiar aspect of its cultural identity: the growth of vines and the production of wine for own consumption at first, and later on, for commercialization.

On June first, 1910 Caxias do Sul was elevated to the category of city. On the same day, the first train arrived connecting the region to the state capital. Although the immigrants were farmers, many of them used to perform other activities. They settled down, urbanized the region, and started a fast paced process of industrialization.

In the countryside, subsistence agriculture concentrates on the cultivation of grapes, wheat, and corn. Home manufactories start to emerge and the overproduction was commercialized. In the beginning, grape and wheat. As time went by, along with the human process the home manufacture became diverse. Then, Caxias do Sul evolved from small home workshops to today’s big factories known internationally.

The University of Caxias do Sul was founded in 1976, a systematical center for culture.

Nowadays, Caxias do Sul is the main city of the most diversified region in the country, due to its industrious colonists, vast vineyards, wineries, varied industrial park, and a rich and dynamic market. Those attributes grant this land a greater dimension, the reason why Caxias do Sul, “the capital of the mountains”, “pearl of the colonies”, “hive of work”, is considered the center of the of the Italian mark in southern Brazil per se.

Along with the immigrants, other ethnic groups shared this path. Miscegenation and acculturation took place. Songs and language, customs and traditions have approached. The Italian cultural heritage and the beautiful southern tradition live together. Barbecue (churrasco) and wine, polenta (porridge made of cornmeal) and roasted spring chicken (galeto), and pasta to the sound of beautiful lyrics translated from the faraway Italy and other local productions, provide hues, sounds, and special flavors to this metropolis’ typical cookery. It’s the southern abundance combined with the so special Italian flavoring.

Population growth

The following table shows the development of the number of inhabitants according to census data of IBGE.

Climate

The city is located in the mountains of the Serra Gaucha, 760 m (about 2000 feet) above sea level. Its climate is subtropical. The average annual temperature is 16°C, with 21°C in January and 11° in July. Frosts are common in the winter, and there is on average one snowy day per year. Its record temperature extremes are -12°C and 37°C.

Economy

In Caxias do Sul, several small, medium, large and multinational companies were founded. The city is recognized as an Entrepreneurial-Exporting Hub in the country. Some of these companies are: Marcopolo (buses and truck frames, present in six countries), it is present in its own manufacturing companies in Brazil, Portugal, Argentina, Mexico, Colombia and in South African, in addition to the technology that will be transferred to China. One of the largest manufacturers of bus bodies in the world, it has recently also begun to operate in the segment of LCV (Light Commercial Vehicles), parts and components, and plastic products. It also has over 10,000 employees and a commercial and after-sales network spread over the 5 continents; Randon S.A. - Implementos e Participações is a mixed holding company, leader of a group of seven companies that employ a workforce of 6,6 thousand employees. They operate in the sectors of road equipment / railway wagons / specialty vehicles/ auto parts/ automotive systems, and services; Agrale S/A which owns 4 industrial plants, being the only Brazilian company with 100% national capital making vehicles, tractors and diesel engines; Tramontina silverware company based in Carlos Barbosa with plants throughout Brazil; Grendene, a manufacturer of shoes based in neighboring Farroupilha; Todeschini, a manufacturer of furniture based in nearby Bento Gonçalves, the wine capital of Brazil; Florense based in Flores da Cunha, (furniture, tailor-made kitchen cabinets) among others and several textile factories and wineries. The per capita income in Caxias do Sul is one of the highest in Brazil according to IBGE. Marcopolo S.A. is a bus manufacturer founded on August 6, 1949, in the southern Brazilian city of Caxias do Sul, state of Rio Grande do Sul. ... The Maria Fumaça steam locomotive at the Bento Gonçalves train station - the train runs between Bento Gonçalves and Carlos Barbosa with a stop in Garibaldi Carlos Barbosa is a city in the wine country in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. ... The Sagrado Coração de Jesus Cathedral (erected in 1932) in Farroupilha, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil Farroupilha is a city in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, in the Serra Gaúcha between the cities of Bento Gonçalves and Caxias do Sul. ... Maria Fumaça train in Bento Gonçalves Bento Gonçalves is a city located in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. ...

Politics

As of January 2006, the mayor is José Ivo Sartori, of the PMDB party. He succeeds former mayor Pepe Vargas, of the PT party, who served two consecutive terms. The Party of the Brazilian Democratic Movement (Portuguese: Partido do Movimento Democrático Brasileiro, PMDB) is a centrist, more or less liberal, party in Brazil. ... Wikinews has news related to this article: Category:Political crisis in Brazil The Partido dos Trabalhadores (Portuguese for Workers Party) is a left-wing political party in Brazil. ...

Soccer Teams

Caxias do Sul is home to the S.E.R. Caxias and Juventude soccer clubs. In general, Juventude is viewed as the team of the wealthy fan while the S.E.R. Caxias team is an underdog team favored by the working class. Even though both teams have recently claimed the Campeonato Gaúcho, Juventude has had greater luck at national level, since the team has been in the first division of the Campeonato Brasileiro for over ten years, while Caxias, as of 2006, plays in the third division. Juventude also has the third biggest population of fans in the state, just behind the two major teams of the state capital city, Porto Alegre. Sociedade Esportiva e Recreativa Caxias do Sul, also known as Caxias, is a Brazilian football team in Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul. ... Estádio Alfredo Jaconi in Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil Esporte Clube Juventude, also known as Juventude, is a Brazilian football team in Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul. ... The term working class is used to denote a social class. ... The Campeonato Gaúcho is the football league of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. ... The Série A is the main division of Brazilian football. ...

Tourism

The brazilian president with the sovereigns at Festa da Uva on february 2006

The city has many tourist attractions to offer its visitors: museums, churches, culture, music and all types of leisure activities. It also hosts the popular National Grape and Wine Festival,which celebrates the italian heritage. It's one of the most famous events in the country and it's called Festa da Uva. Lots of merrymaking, wine drinking, grapes and beautiful people animate the month of February, every two years (on even-numbered years). Visitors taste cheese, grapes and various Brazilian wines. Visitors interested in the regions wine can also visit the Château Lacave Castle, a 6th Century-style medieval structure that currently functions as a winery. Caxias do Sul is also one of the four settlements along the beautiful Caminhos da Colônia scenic tourist route in the Serra Gaúcha. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Festa da Uva The Festa da Uva Queen and Princesses The Festa da Uva or GrapeFest is a biennial celebration of the Italian heritage and culture in the city of Caxias do Sul in southern Brazil. ... Château Lacave The Château Lacave Castle shown during the Brazilian summer Château Lacave is a medieval-style Castle in the city of Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. ... Wine Barrels A winery is a facility where fruit, usually grapes, is processed into wine. ... Image of grapes like the ones grown in this region of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil Caminhos da Colônia, Portuguese for Pathways of the Colony, is a scenic tourist route of four settlements in the Serra Gaúcha in the state of Rio Grande do Sul in southern Brazil. ... Waterfall in Parque do Caracol in Canela, part of the Serra Gaúcha The Serra Gaúcha, The Gaucho Mountain Range, is the mountainous region of northeastern Rio Grande do Sul state in southern Brazil. ...

External Links

• City Hall of Caxias do Sul
• Street Map of Caxias do Sul
• Local Newspaper "O Pioneiro" (The Pioneer)
• The University of Caxias do Sul
• Juventude Soccer Club
• S.E.R. Caxias Soccer Club
• Caxias Bus Station and Schedules
• Caxias do Sul Tourist Guide
• Official Festa da Uva Site(The Grape Festival)
• Chateau Lacave Castle

Coordinates: 29°10′S 51°11′W Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...