 Celera Genomics (NYSE: CRA) is a business unit of the Applera Corporation that focuses on genetic sequencing and related technologies. It was established in May 1998 by the Perkin-Elmer Corporation (and was later purchased by Applera), with Dr. J. Craig Venter from The Institute for Genomic Research (TIGR) as its first president. While at TIGR, Venter and Hamilton Smith led the first successful effort to sequence an entire organism's genome, that of the Haemophilus influenzae bacterium. Celera was formed for the purpose of generating and commercializing genomic information to accelerate the understanding of biological processes. Its stock is a tracking stock of Applera, along with the tracking stock of Applera's larger Applied Biosystems Group business unit. Image File history File links Celera_Genomics_logo. ...
The New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), nicknamed the Big Board, is a New York City-based stock exchange. ...
1998 is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year of the Ocean. ...
1998 (MCMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year of the Ocean. ...
PerkinElmer, Inc. ...
Dr. Venter (right) with Michael Janich on his visit in Hong Kong in December 2004 John Craig Venter (born October 14, 1946, Salt Lake City) is an American biologist and businessman. ...
The Institute for Genomic Research (TIGR), is a non-profit genomics research institute founded in 1992 by Craig Venter in Rockville, Maryland, United States. ...
Hamilton Smith (1931- ) is a Nobel prize winning geneticist. ...
In biology the genome of an organism is the whole hereditary information of an organism that is encoded in the DNA (or, for some viruses, RNA). ...
Phyla/Divisions Actinobacteria Aquificae Bacteroidetes/Chlorobi Chlamydiae/Verrucomicrobia Chloroflexi Chrysiogenetes Cyanobacteria Deferribacteres Deinococcus-Thermus Dictyoglomi Fibrobacteres/Acidobacteria Firmicutes Fusobacteria Gemmatimonadetes Nitrospirae Omnibacteria Planctomycetes Proteobacteria Spirochaetes Thermodesulfobacteria Thermomicrobia Thermotogae Bacteria (singular, bacterium) are a major group of living organisms. ...
A parent company can issue a tracking stock for a subsidiary. ...
Celera Genomics researchers were among the first to show the feasibility of the whole genome shotgun strategy for sequencing large eukaryotic genomes. The strategy was already in widespread use for smaller prokaryotic genomes, which include bacteria and archaea. This strategy contrasted with the publicly funded Human Genome Project, which used a slower but safer clone by clone sequencing strategy. Celera sequenced the human genome at a fraction of the cost of the public project (approximately $3 billion of taxpayer dollars versus about $300 million of private funding); however, its effort was tarnished when they published their results in 2001, because they combined their data with the public data, making it impossible to tell how much of the human genome had been independently sequenced by Celera. In addition, Celera was able to take advantage of the 10 years of publicly funded development of human genome maps and sequences that preceded its formation. Nonetheless, Celera's use of the shotgun strategy spurred the public HGP to change its own strategy, leading to a rapid acceleration of the public effort. Shotgun sequencing is a method used in genetics for sequencing long DNA strands. ...
Kingdoms Animalia - Animals Fungi Plantae - Plants Protista A eukaryote (IPA: ) is an organism with a complex cell or cells, in which the genetic material is organized into a membrane-bound nucleus or nuclei. ...
The Human Genome Project (HGP) is a project to the 3 billion nucleotides contained in the human genome and to identify all the genes present in it. ...
Critics of initial efforts by Celera Genomics to hold back data from sections of genome they sequenced for commercial exploitation felt that it would retard progress in science as a whole. These critics pointed to the open access policy for gene sequences from the publicly funded Human Genome Project. Later, the company changed their policy and made their sequences available for non-commercial use, but set a maximum threshold for amount of sequence data a researcher could download at any given time. Open access (OA) is the free online availability of digital content. ...
The rise and fall of Celera as an ambitious competitor of the Human Genome Project is the main subject of the book The Genome War by James Shreeve, who takes a strong pro-Venter point of view. (He followed Venter around for two years in the process of writing the book.) A view from the public effort's side is that of Nobel laureate Sir John Sulston in his book The Common Thread: A Story of Science, Politics, Ethics and the Human Genome. The Human Genome Project (HGP) is a project to the 3 billion nucleotides contained in the human genome and to identify all the genes present in it. ...
The Nobel Prizes (pronounced no-BELL or no-bell) are awarded annually to people who have done outstanding research, invented groundbreaking techniques or equipment, or made outstanding contributions to society. ...
John E. Sulston received his degree as a chemist at Cambridge, UK, but devoted his scientific life to biological research, especially in the field of molecular biology. ...
Genomes sequenced by Celera Genomics Eukaryotes: Binomial name Drosophila melanogaster Meigen, 1830 [1] Drosophila melanogaster (from the Greek for black-bellied dew-lover) is a two-winged insect that belongs to the Diptera, the order of the flies. ...
The human genome is the genome of Homo sapiens. ...
External links - Celera Genomics website
- Prepared Statement of Craig Venter of Celera Venter discusses Celera's progress in deciphering the human genome sequence and its relationship to healthcare and to the federally funded Human Genome Project.
- Applera Corporation website
- U.S. National Institutes of Health website for the Human Genome Research Institute
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