 The Six Nations considered the heartland of the modern Celts Celtic Nations refers to areas of Europe that have been inhabited by members of Celtic cultures, specifically speakers of Celtic languages. Since the mid-20th century, people of many nations and regions have used modern 'Celticity' to express their identity. Over time, these nations have come to be more or less widely labeled as Celtic. These Celtic places in Europe are sometimes also referred to as the "Celt belt" or "Celtic Fringe" due to their location in the generally north-western part of the regions that they inhabit (i.e. Brittany is in the northwest of France, the Gaelic-speaking parts of Scotland and Ireland are in the northwest and west, respectively). However, these terms are sometimes interpreted as derogatory, so residents of these lands tend to prefer the term "Celtic nations". Image File history File links Download high resolution version (360x711, 12 KB) Summary An mappa ma yw kepar hag Image:Chwe_Chenedl_Geltaidd. ...
Image File history File links Download high resolution version (360x711, 12 KB) Summary An mappa ma yw kepar hag Image:Chwe_Chenedl_Geltaidd. ...
A Celtic cross. ...
The Celtic languages are the languages descended from Proto-Celtic, or Common Celtic, spoken by ancient and modern Celts alike. ...
(19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999 in the...
This article concerns those peoples who consider themselves, or have been considered by others, to be Celts in modern times. ...
World map showing Europe Political map Europe is one of the seven continents of Earth which, in this case, is more a cultural and political distinction than a physiographic one, leading to various perspectives about Europes borders. ...
Traditional coat of arms This article is about the historical kingdom, duchy and French province, as well as one of the Celtic Nations . ...
Gaelic as an adjective means pertaining to the Gaels, whether to their language or their culture. ...
Motto: Nemo me impune lacessit (English: No one provokes me with impunity) Scotlands location within Europe Scotlands location within the United Kingdom Languages English, Gaelic, Scots Capital Edinburgh Largest city Glasgow First Minister Jack McConnell Area - Total - % water Ranked 2nd UK 78,782 km² 1. ...
Historically the whole British Isles have always been predominantly Cruthin/Celtic. The Romans called these Celtic lands Britannias and Britanniae after Britto meaning Celt or Cruithne, resulting in the word British, which in Old English implied an association with the whole British Isles[1]. Successive invasions supplanted the Celtic language from most of Great Britain, but surprisingly the prefix Brit- is now more closely associated with Great Britain than with its Celtic roots. Location of the North-West European Archipelago. ...
The Cruithne or Cruthin were a historical people known to have lived in the British Isles during the Iron Age. ...
Octavian, widely known as Augustus, founder of the Roman empire The Roman Empire was a phase of the ancient Roman civilization characterized by an autocratic form of government. ...
For the asteroid sometimes (incorrectly) identified as Earths second moon, see 3753 Cruithne. ...
Note: This page contains phonetic information presented in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) using Unicode. ...
The 'Six Nations'
Nations that are usually included in this identifier include: It is these 'Six Nations' that (alone) are considered Celtic by the Celtic League, Celtic Congress, and various other pan-Celtic groups. Each of the six can boast a Celtic language of its own – the key criterion of Celticity for the organizations named. File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ...
Traditional coat of arms This article is about the historical kingdom, duchy and French province, as well as one of the Celtic Nations . ...
Image File history File links Flag_of_Cornwall. ...
Cornwall (Cornish: Kernow) is a county in South West England. ...
Image File history File links Flag_of_Ireland. ...
Image File history File links Flag_of_the_isle_of_man. ...
Image File history File links Flag_of_Scotland. ...
Motto: Nemo me impune lacessit (English: No one provokes me with impunity) Scotlands location within Europe Scotlands location within the United Kingdom Languages English, Gaelic, Scots Capital Edinburgh Largest city Glasgow First Minister Jack McConnell Area - Total - % water Ranked 2nd UK 78,782 km² 1. ...
Image File history File links Flag_of_Wales. ...
National motto: Cymru am byth (Welsh: Wales for ever) Waless location relative to most of the British Isles (other parts of the UK shown on the map are in pink). ...
The Celtic League is a political and cultural organisation in the modern Celtic nations of Ireland, Scotland, Wales, Brittany, Cornwall and the Isle of Man, as well as their Celtic languages // Aims The fundamental aim of the Celtic League is to contribute, as an international organisation, to the struggles of...
The International Celtic Congress is a cultural organisation that seeks to promote the Celtic languagues of the nations of Ireland, Scotland, Wales, Brittany, Cornwall and the Isle of Man. ...
Pan-Celticism is the name given to a variety of movements that espouse greater contact between the various Celtic countries. ...
Conversely, the revived regional identity of the Shetland and Orkney Islands could be said to draw more on Scandinavian than Celtic cultural and genealogical roots. Meanwhile, both the Gallo and Lowland Scots language movements promote non-Celtic languages or dialects indigenous to these countries, namely Brittany, Scotland, and Ulster in Ireland. The Shetland Islands, also called Shetland (archaically spelled Zetland) formerly called Hjaltland, comprise one of 32 council areas of Scotland. ...
The Orkney Islands, usually called simply Orkney, are one of the 32 council areas of Scotland. ...
Scandinavia is a region in Northern Europe named after the Scandinavian Peninsula. ...
Gallo is a regional language of France, traditionally spoken in Eastern Brittany. ...
Scots is an Anglic variety spoken in Scotland, where it is sometimes called Lowland Scots to distinguish it from Scottish Gaelic spoken by some in the Highlands and Islands (especially the Hebrides). ...
Statistics Area: 24,481 Population (estimate) 1,931,981 Ulster (Irish: Cúige Uladh, IPA: ) forms one of the four traditional provinces of Ireland. ...
Four of the 'Six Nations' (Brittany, Ireland, Scotland, Wales) contain areas where a Celtic language is still used in a community (see Gaeltacht, Gàidhealtachd, and compare also Breizh-Izel and areas by Welsh language). Generally these communities are in the west of the countries, in upland or island areas, and sometimes claim to be more Celtic than the anglicised/gallicised areas of the east, and big cities. Gaeltacht, plural GaeltachtaÃ, is an Irish word for an Irish-speaking region. ...
The Gà idhealtachd, sometimes known as A Ghà idhealtachd (the Gà idhealtachd), usually refers to the Scottish Highlands in Scottish Gaelic. ...
Basse-Bretagne (Breizh Izel in Breton) denotes the parts of Brittany west of Ploërmel, where the Breton language was traditionally spoken, and where the culture associated with this language is most prolific. ...
This is a List of Welsh principal areas by the percentage of those professing some skills in the Welsh language in the 2001 UK census. ...
Other claims In general most countries of Western and Central Europe can be considered to have been influenced by the Celts. In a number of them, there are also 'Celtic' movements, wanting recognition as a Celtic Nation. These claims are discussed below.
The Iberian Peninsula
 The Celts in Europe, past and present: ██ present-day Celtic-speaking areas ██ other parts of the six most commonly recognized 'Celtic nations' ██ other parts of Europe once peopled by Celts; modern-day inhabitants of many of these areas often claim a Celtic heritage and/or culture Galicia (extended to Minho and Trás-os-Montes in northern Portugal) and Asturias are most often highlighted as areas influenced by Celtic culture. Image File history File links Celts_in_Europe. ...
Image File history File links Celts_in_Europe. ...
Galicia (Spain) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ...
Historical province of Minho Minho is a historical province of Portugal. ...
The historical province of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (pron. ...
Capital Oviedo Area – Total – % of Spain Ranked 10th 10 604 km² 2,1% Population – Total (2005) – % of Spain – Density Ranked 13th 1 076 635 2,4% 101,53/km² Demonym – English – Asturian – Spanish asturian asturianu asturiano Statute of Autonomy January 11, 1982 Parliamentary representation – Congress seats – Senate seats 8 2...
In none of these regions (Galicia, northern Portugal and Asturias) has a Celtic language survived, which means that the most common litmus test for Celticity does not apply. There are two well-known places called Galicia: Galicia (Spain), an autonomous community in Spain. ...
Capital Oviedo Area – Total – % of Spain Ranked 10th 10 604 km² 2,1% Population – Total (2005) – % of Spain – Density Ranked 13th 1 076 635 2,4% 101,53/km² Demonym – English – Asturian – Spanish asturian asturianu asturiano Statute of Autonomy January 11, 1982 Parliamentary representation – Congress seats – Senate seats 8 2...
However, speakers of a Brittonic (P-Celtic) language did historically emigrate to parts of Galicia and Asturias, as well as areas now in Portugal. A certain bishop Mahiloc (Old Welsh Mailoc) signed the Acta of the Second Council of Braga in 572. The Bishopric of Bretoña (from Britonia) existed until at least 830 and the area was known as Britonia until 1156 according to a privilegia of Alphonso III. This were not part of the pre-Roman Celtiberian group (a Q-Celtic group), but was settled as part of the same process of emigration from insular Britain that formed Brittany from the fifth century onwards.[1] The Brythonic languages (or Brittonic languages) form one of the two branches of the Insular Celtic language family. ...
There are two well-known places called Galicia: Galicia (Spain), an autonomous community in Spain. ...
Capital Oviedo Area – Total – % of Spain Ranked 10th 10 604 km² 2,1% Population – Total (2005) – % of Spain – Density Ranked 13th 1 076 635 2,4% 101,53/km² Demonym – English – Asturian – Spanish asturian asturianu asturiano Statute of Autonomy January 11, 1982 Parliamentary representation – Congress seats – Senate seats 8 2...
The Celtiberians dwelt in the Iberian Peninsula and spoke a Celtic language. ...
Traditional coat of arms This article is about the historical kingdom, duchy and French province, as well as one of the Celtic Nations . ...
The main basis for these regions' present-day claim to Celticity is, rather, Celtic consciousness itself, which is justified in turn through similarities in music, dance, and folklore to Brittany and the other widely recognized Celtic countries.
Cantabria and Portugal ("Lusitania") are occasionally suggested as other Celtic regions. Capital Santander Area – Total – % of Spain Ranked 15th 5 321 km² 1. ...
Roman province of Lusitania, 120 AD Lusitania, an ancient Roman province approximately including current Portugal (except for the area between the rivers Douro and Minho) and part of modern day western Spain (specifically the present autonomous community Extremadura), named after the Lusitani or Lusitanian people. ...
Formerly Gaulish regions Many of the French people themselves identify actively with the Gauls. Map of Gaul circa 58 BC Gaul (Latin Gallia, Greek Galatia) was the region of Western Europe occupied by present day northern Italy, France, Belgium, western Switzerland and the parts of the Netherlands and Germany on the west bank of the Rhine river. ...
The French- and Arpitan-speaking Aosta Valley region in Italy also presents a casual claim of Celtic heritage and the Northern League autonomist party often exalts Celtic roots of Padania. Reportedly, Friuli also has an ephemeral claim to Celticity. Franco-Provençal (Francoprovençal) or Arpitan (in vernacular: patouès) (in Italian: francoprovenzale, provenzale alpina, arpitano, patois; French: francoprovençal, arpitan, patois) is a Romance language with several dialects in a linguistic sub-group separate from Langue dOïl and Langue dOc. ...
The Aosta Valley (in Arpitan: Val dOuta, French: Vallée dAoste, Italian: Valle dAosta) is a mountainous and very silly and smelly region in north-western Italy. ...
Northern League can mean: Northern League (baseball) for minor league baseball in the United States and Canada Northern League (football) (Albany Northern League) for the association football league in North East England Northern League (ice hockey) which existed in the late 1970s and early 1980s in Britain. ...
Autonomism can refer to: Autonomism may refer to a bundle of left-wing movements historically bound-up with Italian Autonomist marxism. ...
Flag Ratio: 1:2 The Northern Leagues proposed Padanian flag, the Sun of the Alps Padania is an alternative name for Northern Italy. ...
Friulian Coats of Arms Friuli (Furlan: Friûl, German: Friaul, Slovenian: Furlanija) is an area in northeastern Italy, comprising the major part of the autonomous region Friuli-Venezia Giulia. ...
Walloons are sometimes characterized as "Celts", mainly opposed to "Teutonic" Flemish and "Latin" French identities; the word "Walloon" derives from a Germanic word meaning "foreign", cognate with "Welsh". The term Walloons (French: Wallons, Walloon: Walons) refers, in daily speech, to French-speaking Belgians from Wallonia. ...
Flemings (Dutch: Vlamingen) are inhabitants of Flanders in the widest sense of the term, i. ...
England Celtic traditions and customs have continued in England, particularly in extremities of the south west and the north (see Devon, Northumbria and Cumbria). As a whole, England is not a Celtic country because it lacks a Celtic language; during the 'Celtic' era, Great Britain belonged to a number of regional Celtic tribes, none of whom directly ended up forming the English nation. In Celtic languages, it is usually referred to as "Saxon-land" (Sasann, Pow Saws, Bro-Saoz etc), and in Welsh as Lloegr. Royal motto (French): Dieu et mon droit (Translated: God and my right) Englands location (dark green) within the United Kingdom (light green), with the Republic of Ireland (blue) to its west Languages English Capital London Largest city London Area – Total Ranked 1st UK 130,395 km² Population –mid-2004...
Devon is a large county in South West England, bordering on Cornwall to the west, Dorset and Somerset to the east. ...
Section from Shepherds map of the British Isles about 802 AD showing the kingdom of Northumbria Northumbria is primarily the name of a petty kingdom of Angles which was formed in Great Britain at the beginning of the 7th century, and of the much smaller earldom which succeeded the...
Cumbria is a county in the North West region of England. ...
This article does not cite its references or sources. ...
Welsh redirects here, and this article describes the Welsh language. ...
Unlike many of the above examples, there is little political motivation behind this search for a more complex identity, but a recognition that local linguistic and cultural peculiarities can be traced back to Celtic origins. Cumbria, for example, retains some Celtic influences from local sports (Cumberland wrestling) to superstitions, and traces of Cumbric are still spoken, famously by shepherds to count their sheep. There has been a suggestion to bring back Cumbrian as a language and about 50 words of a reconstructed, hypothetical "Cumbric" exist. However, most competent scholars believe that it would little different to an archaic dialect of Northern Welsh, but the evidence is far too slight to make a meaningful attempt. The county is also home to the Rheged discovery centre profiling the Celtic history of Cumbria. Its name is cognate with Cymru, the Welsh name for Wales meaning Land of Comrades. Evolution and Extinction Cumbric was the Brythonic Celtic language spoken in much of Cumbria, Northern Northumbria, and parts of lowland Scotland until about the 11th century. ...
Entrance to the Rheged Discovery Centre Rheged was a Brythonic nation of Sub-Roman Britain, where the natives spoke Cumbric. ...
English Celtic revivalism has not always been popular with its neighbours, many of whose own revivals have sought to counteract the majority culture of England within the United Kingdom. It also tends to be apolitical, in strict contrast to that of the "Six", Galicia or even Padania. Early revivalism concentrated on King Arthur, fairy and folklore and also Boudicca, whose statue stands outside the Palace of Westminster. Curiously, Boudicca, who fought Roman imperialism, was actually looked up to by one or two Victorian English imperialists, who claimed "her new empire" was bigger than the Roman. Modern revivalism has focused more on music, mythology, rituals such as the Druids and a better understanding of Celtic festivals that have been observed in England since the Celtic period, and dialect or language. King Arthur is an important figure in the mythology of Great Britain, where he appears as the ideal of kingship in both war and peace. ...
Boudicca (BOW-dicca [as in bow-and-arrow], mispronnounced by many as [bÅ«-dÄkÉ™]; her name means Victorous [Modern Gaelic Buaidheach]) (also written Boudica, Boadicea, Buduica, Bonduca) (d. ...
The Americas and beyond In other regions, people with a heritage from one of the 'Celtic Nations' also associate with the Celtic identity. In these areas, Celtic traditions and languages are significant components of local culture. These include the Chubut valley of Patagonia with Welsh speaking Argentinians (known as "Y Wladfa"), Cape Breton Island in Nova Scotia, with Gaelic-speaking Canadians and southeast Newfoundland with Irish-speaking Canadians. The Chubut River is a river in Southern Argentina. ...
In orange the area most commonly defined as Patagonia. ...
Motto: Spanish: En Unión y Libertad (English: In Union and Liberty) Anthem: Himno Nacional Argentino Capital Buenos Aires Largest city Buenos Aires Official language(s) Spanish Government Federal republic - President Néstor Kirchner Independence From Spain - May Revolution 25 May 1810 - Declared 9 July 1816 - Recognized 1821 (by Portugal...
Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, Canada Cape Breton Island (French: île du Cap-Breton, Scottish Gaelic: Eilean Cheap Breatuinn, Mikmaq: Unamakika, simply: Cape Breton) is an island on the Atlantic coast of North America. ...
Motto: Munit Haec et Altera Vincit (Latin: One defends and the other conquers) Official languages None (English,French,Gaelic) Flower Trailing arbutus Capital Halifax Largest city Halifax Lieutenant-Governor Myra Freeman Premier Rodney MacDonald (PC) Parliamentary representation - House seat - Senate seats 11 10 Area Total - Land - Water (% of total) Ranked...
Canadian Gaelic (Gaelic: Gà idhlig na Canada, French: Gaélique Canadien, Mikmaq: Geileq mala Ganata) is the dialect of Scottish Gaelic formerly spoken across all of Canada, and still spoken on Cape Breton Island and in parts of Nova Scotia. ...
Newfoundland (French: Terre-Neuve; Irish: Talamh an Éisc; Latin: Terra Nova) is a large island off the northeast coast of North America, and the most populous part of the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador. ...
In addition to these, a number of people from the USA, Australia and other parts of the former British Empire may consider themselves to have 'Celtic nationality'. The British Empire in 1897, marked in pink, the traditional colour for Imperial British dominions on maps. ...
See also A Celtic cross. ...
Muiredacha Cross. ...
Celtic Fusion is a broad umbrella term for modern music which incorporates traditional Celtic influences, or Celtic Music which incorporates modern music. ...
Proto-Indo-European Indo-European studies Celtic languages are a branch of the Indo-European languages. ...
Celtic music is a broad grouping of musical genres that evolved out of the folk musical traditions of the Celtic peoples of Western Europe. ...
The Celtic Revival, also known as the Irish Literary Revival, was begun by Lady Gregory, Edward Martyn and William Butler Yeats in Ireland in 1896. ...
Pan-Celticism is the name given to a variety of movements that espouse greater contact between the various Celtic countries. ...
Latin Europe Blue: Countries where a Romance language is the national language Green: Countries where a Romance language is an official language Latin Europe (Italian/Portuguese/Spanish: Europa latina; Romanian: Europa latină; French: Europe latine) is composed of those nations and areas in Europe that speak a Romance language and...
Countries where a West Slavic language is the national language Countries where an East Slavic language is the national language Countries where a South Slavic language is the national language Slavic Europe is a region of Europe where Slavic languages are spoken. ...
Germanic Europe Green: Countries where a Germanic language is the national language Blue: Countries where a Germanic language is an official language Germanic Europe is the part of Europe in which Germanic languages are predominant. ...
The Celtic Alliance of America was formed to raise awareness within the U.S. to the problems facing what it considers to be the Irish, Scottish, Cornish, and Welsh nations struggle for freedom and equality. ...
References - ^ Fleuriot, Léon (1980). Les origines de la Bretagne. Paris: Payot. p.208.
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