Irish and Scottish missionaries (Iro-Scottish, Hiberno-Scottish) were instrumental in the spread of Christianity in Anglo-Saxon England and the Frankish Empire during the 6th and 7th centuries. The Latin term Scotti refers to the Gaelic people of Ireland and the Irish who settled in western Scotland. In early medieval times Ireland was known, not only as Éire, but also as Scotia a name that the Romans used to refer to Ireland. The Romans also gave Ireland the name "Hibernia". Thus, the "Scots" missionaries who were so influential in the early Church history of Germany included men from both Ireland and Scotland in the modern sense, but were predominantly Irish. “Scot” redirects here. ... Christianity is a monotheistic[1] religion centered on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth as presented in the New Testament. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... The Frankish Empire was the territory of the Franks, from the 5th to the 10th centuries, from 481 ruled by Clovis I of the Merovingian Dynasty, the first king of all the Franks. ... This Buddhist stela from China, Northern Wei period, was built in the early 6th century. ... The 7th century is the period from 601 - 700 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian Era. ... The Gaels are an ethno-linguistic group in Ireland, Scotland and the Isle of Man, whose language is of the Gaelic (Goidelic) family, a division of Insular Celtic languages. ... The Gaels are an ethno-linguistic group which spread from Ireland to Scotland and the Isle of Man. ... Scotia was originally the Latin name for Ireland (also known to the Romans as Hibernia). ...

Schottenklöster (meaning Scottish monasteries in German, singular: Schottenkloster) is the name applied to the monastic foundations of Irish and Scottish missionaries in Continental Europe, particularly to the Scottish Benedictine monasteries in Germany, which in the beginning of the 13th century were combined into one congregation whose abbot-general was the Abbot of the Scots monastery at Regensburg. Monasticism (from Greek: monachos—a solitary person) is the religious practice of renouncing all worldly pursuits in order to fully devote ones life to spiritual work. ... Continental Europe, also referred to as mainland Europe or simply the Continent, is the continent of Europe, explicitly excluding European islands and, at times, peninsulas. ... Munichs city symbol celebrates its founding by Benedictine monks—the origin of its name A Benedictine is a person who follows the Rule of St Benedict. ... (12th century - 13th century - 14th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 13th century was that century which lasted from 1201 to 1300. ... Abbots coat of arms The word abbot, meaning father, has been used as a Christian clerical title in various, mainly monastic, meanings. ... Schottenportal The Benedictine abbey of St James (Jakobskirche) in Regensburg, Germany, was founded by Hiberno-Scottish missionaries and for most of its history was in the hands of first Irish, then Scottish monks. ... Regensburg (also Ratisbon, Latin Ratisbona) is a city (population 129,175 in 2005) in Bavaria, Germany, located at the confluence of the Danube and Regen rivers, at the northernmost bend in the Danube. ...

In the sixth century migrations into what is now Scotland were Ulster clans such as the Airgíalla and the Uí Néill. Among them was Colm Cille of Gartan who, with twelve companions, founded Iona in the early 7th century. Adomnán of Donegal wrote his biography in the early 8th century. As late as the 11th and early 12th century the name Scot or Scotus identified the missionary or traveller as a Gael and thus monks of Irish as well as Scottish origin were commonly both referred to under the same, at the time shared, nomenclature. Marianus Scotus together with is companions was the founder of St. Peter at Ratisbon in 1072. (5th century — 6th century — 7th century — other centuries) Events The first academy of the east the Academy of Gundeshapur founded in Persia by the Persian Shah Khosrau I. Irish colonists and invaders, the Scots, began migrating to Caledonia (later known as Scotland) Glendalough monastery, Wicklow Ireland founded... It has been suggested that Kingdom of Oriel be merged into this article or section. ... The Uí Néill (Irish for descendants of Niall Uí pronounced Ee: ) were an Irish dynasty who claimed descent from Niall Noigiallach (Niall of the Nine Hostages), a semi-historical High King of Ireland who died about 405. ... Iona village viewed from a short distance offshore. ... The 7th century is the period from 601 - 700 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian Era. ... Iona Abbey Saint Adomnán of Iona (627/8-704) was abbot of Iona (679-704), hagiographer, statesman and clerical lawyer; he was the author of the most important Vita of Saint Columba and promulgator of the Law of Innocents. A popular anglicised form of his name is Saint Eunan... Gael (Ancient people) : A Gael is a member of a distinct culture existing in Ireland, Scotland and the Isle of Man whose language is one that is Gaelic. ... Marianus Scotus (1028-1082 or 1083), chronicler (who must be distinguished from his namesake Marianus Scotus, d. ... Regensburg (English formerly Ratisbon, Latin Ratisbona, Czech Řezno) is a city (population 146,824 in 2002) in Bavaria, south-east Germany, located at the confluence of the Danube and Regen rivers, at the northernmost bend in the Danube. ... Events William I of England invades Scotland, and also receives the submission of Hereward the Wake. ...

Columba to Columbanus (563-615)

After Saint Ninian, Christianity first spread to Scotland again in 563 with the foundation of Iona by Columcille. Following the foundation of Lindisfarne in 635 by Saint Aidan, Hiberno-Scottish missionaries converted most of Anglo-Saxon England during the following decades; the last pagan Anglo-Saxon king, Penda of Mercia, died in 655. Saint Ninian (c. ... Events Saint Columba, the Irish missionary, founds his mission to the Picts and his monastery on Iona. ... Iona village viewed from a short distance offshore. ... Saint Columba (7 December 521 - 9 June 597), the Latinized version of the Irish name Colmcille (Old Irish Columb Cille) meaning Dove of the church, was the most outstanding among the group of Dark Ages Irish missionary monks who reintroduced Christianity to Scotland and the north of England. ... Lindisfarne Castle Lindisfarne (grid reference NU125421, ), also called Holy Island (variant spelling, Lindesfarne), is a tidal island off the north-east coast of England, which is connected to the mainland of Northumberland by a causeway and is cut off twice a day by tides — something well described by Sir Walter... Events Saint Aidan founds Lindisfarne in Northumbria, England Nestorian China Births Pippin of Herstal, Mayor of the Palace of Austrasia (approximate date) 23 May - Chan Bahlum II, king of Palenque Deaths Categories: 635 ... Saint Aidan of Lindisfarne, the Apostle of Northumbria (?-651), is the founder and first bishop of the monastery on the island of Lindisfarne in England. ... Stained glass window from the cloister of Worcester Cathedral showing the death of Penda of Mercia. ... Events November 15 - Northumbrian king Oswiu defeats the pagan Mercian king Penda in the Battle of Winwaed Empress Saimei ascends to the throne of Japan. ...

Columbanus from 590 was active in the Frankish Empire, establishing monasteries throughout what is now France and Switzerland until his death at Bobbio in 615. Other Hiberno-Scottish missionaries active at the time, predominantly in Swabia, were Wendelin, Kilian, Arbogast, Landelin, Trudpert, Fridolin, Pirmin (founded Reichenau abbey), Gallus (Abbey of St. Gall), Korbinian, Emmeram and Rupert. To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Events September 3 - St. ... Stone arch bridge over the Trebbia river Bobbio is a city in the Piacenza province of the Emilia-Romagna region in northern Italy. ... Events The Edict of Paris grants extensive rights to the Frankish nobility. ... Germany. ... Saint Wendelin or Wendelin of Trier (b. ... Saint Kilian, also spelt Chilian or Killian was an Irish missionary bishop and the apostle of eastern Franconia (a region in the north of Bavaria, Germany), where he began his labors towards the end of the 7th century. ... Arbogast refers to: Arbogast, a Frankish general in the late Roman Empire Antoine Arbogast, a French mathematician Arbogast, an Irish saint This is a disambiguation page, a list of pages that otherwise might share the same title. ... Saint Landelin (fl. ... Saint Trudpert (d. ... Saint Fridolin, otherwise Fridolin of Säckingen, was a missionary, and the founder of Säckingen Abbey, Baden, in the 6th century. ... Pirmin (died 753) was appointed by Charles Martel in 724 first abbot of the Reichenau Abbey, which he had founded. ... 15th-century towers on the Romanesque church of Sts Peter and Paul in Reichenau-Niederzell Reichenau Island lies in Lake Constance in southern Germany, at approximately 47°42′ N 9°4′ E. It lies between the Gnadensee and the Untersee, almost due west of the city of Constance. ... Gallus may be: Quintus Roscius Gallus (c. ... Arms of Pope Benedict XVI, with Corbinians Bear. ... Saint Emmeram also Emmeramus, Emmeran, Emeran, Heimrammi, Haimeran, and Heimeran. ... Rupert of Salzburg (? - 710) is a saint in the Roman Catholic Church and a founder of the Austrian city of Salzburg. ...

Examples of Hiberno-Scottish monasteries on the continent include the Scots monastery in Regensburg, Vienna, Erfurt and Würzburg. In Italy, there are the establishments of Columbanus, founder of Luxeuil and Bobbio, and Saints Donatus and Andrew of Tuscany, of Fiesole. Schottenportal The Benedictine abbey of St James (Jakobskirche) in Regensburg, Germany, was founded by Hiberno-Scottish missionaries and for most of its history was in the hands of first Irish, then Scottish monks. ... Regensburg (also Ratisbon, Latin Ratisbona) is a city (population 129,175 in 2005) in Bavaria, Germany, located at the confluence of the Danube and Regen rivers, at the northernmost bend in the Danube. ... Vienna (German: , see also other names) is the capital of Austria, and also one of the nine States of Austria. ... Mariendom and the Severikirche. ... Würzburg is a city in the region of Franconia which lies in the northern tip of Bavaria, Germany. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... The Abbey of Luxeuil (Departement of Haute-Saône in Franche-Comté, France), the most famous early medieval monastery in Burgundian Franche-Comté, was founded ca 585 - 590 by the great Irish monk, St. ... Bobbio Abbey was a monastery founded by Saint Columbanus in 614, around which later grew up the town of Bobbio, and which formed the origin of the See of Bobbio, in the province of Piacenza and the Emilia-Romagna region of Italy. ... Saint Donatus of Fiesole was an Irish teacher and poet, Bishop of Fiesole, about 829-876. ... Florence as seen from Fiesole Fiesole is a town and comune (township) of Firenze province in the Italian region of Tuscany, 43°49N 11°18E, on a famously scenic height 346 m (1140 ft) above Florence, 8 km (5 mi) NE of that city. ...

The first Schottenklöster of which we have any knowledge was Säckingen in Baden, founded by the Irish missionary, St. Fridolin, towards the end of the 5th century. The same missionary is said to have founded a Schottenklöster at Konstanz. A century later St. Columbanus arrived on the continent with twelve companions and founded Annegray, Luxeuil, and Fontaines in France, Bobbio in Italy. During the seventh century the disciples of Columbanus and other Irish and Scottish missionaries founded a long list of monasteries in what is now France, Germany, Belgium, and Switzerland. The best known are: St. Gall in Switzerland, Disibodenberg in the Rhine Palatinate, St. Paul's at Besançon, Lure and Cusance in the Diocese of Besançon, Beze in the Diocese of Langres, Remiremont and Moyenmoutier in the Diocese of Toul, Fosses-la-Ville in the Diocese of Liege, Mont-St-Michel at Peronne, Ebersmunster in Lower Alsace, St. Martin at Cologne. Baden is a historical state in the southwest of Germany, on the right bank of the Rhine. ... Konstanz in 1925 seen from the lake Schnetztor, a section of the former city wall Another gate from city wall Shops in Konstanz The Konzilgebäude in Konstanz Konstanz (in English formerly known as Constance) is a university town of around 80,000 inhabitants at the western end of Lake... Saint Columbanus (543 - 21 November 615; also Saint Columban), was an Irish missionary notable for founding a number of monasteries. ... Luxeuil-les-Bains is a town and commune of eastern France, in the Haute-Saône département. ... Stone arch bridge over the Trebbia river Bobbio is a city in the Piacenza province of the Emilia-Romagna region in northern Italy. ... ( 6th century - 7th century - 8th century - other centuries) Events Islam starts in Arabia, the Quran is written, and Arabs subjugate Syria, Iraq, Persia, Egypt, North Africa and Central Asia to Islam. ... Abbey of St. ... Saint Disibod (619-700) was an Irish monk and hermit, first mentioned in a martyrologium by Hrabanus Maurus (9th century). ... The Rhine (Dutch: ; French: ; German: ; Italian: ; Romansh: ) is one of the longest and most important rivers in Europe at 1,320 kilometres (820 miles), with an average discharge of more than 2,000 cubic meters per second. ... A palatinate is a territory administered by a count palatine, originally the direct representative of the sovereign, but later the hereditary ruler of the territory subject to the crowns overlordship. ... City flag City coat of arms Motto: Utinam (Latin: If God wills) Citadel Vauban of Besançon Location Coordinates Time Zone CET (GMT +1) Administration Country Region Franche-Comté Department Doubs (25) Intercommunality Grand Besançon Mayor Jean-Louis Fousseret  (PS) (since 2001) City Statistics Land area¹ 65. ... Lure is a commune of the Haute-Saône département, in France. ... Categories: France geography stubs | Communes of Haute-Marne ... Remiremont is a town in eastern France, in the department of Vosges. ... Cathédrale Saint-Étienne de Toul Toul is a historic fortified town of France, a sous-préfecture of the Meurthe-et-Moselle département. ... Fosses-la-Ville is a municipality located in the Belgian province of Namur. ... Liège (Dutch: Luik, German: Lüttich; before 1946, the citys name was written Liége, with the acute accent) is a major city located in the Belgian province of Liège, of which it is the capital. ... Péronne is the name or part of the name of several communes in France: Péronne, in the Saône-et-Loire département Péronne, in the Somme département Péronne-en-Mélantois, in the Nord département This is a disambiguation page, a list of... St. ...

After Columbanus (8th to 11th c.)

Hiberno-Scottish activity in Europe declined after the death of Columbanus. Celtic Christianity was united with Roman Catholicism after the Synod of Whitby in 664, and from 698 until the reign of Charlemagne in the 770s, the Hiberno-Scottish efforts in the Frankish Empire were continued by the Anglo-Saxon mission. See: Germanic Christianity. This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The Synod of Whitby was an important synod which eventually led to the unification of the church in Britain. ... Events September, Synod of Whitby Births Deaths Xuanzang, famous Chinese Buddhist monk. ... Events Tiberius III deposes Leontius and becomes Byzantine Emperor. ... A portrait of Charlemagne by Albrecht Dürer that was painted several centuries after Charlemagnes death. ... Centuries: 7th century - 8th century - 9th century Decades: 720s - 730s - 740s - 750s - 760s - 770s - 780s - 790s - 800s - 810s - 820s Years: 770 771 772 773 774 775 776 777 778 779 Events: Categories: 770s ... Anglo-Saxon missionaries were instrumental in the spread of Germanic Christianity in the Frankish Empire during the 8th century, continuing the work of Hiberno-Scottish missionaries which had been spreading Celtic Christianity across the Frankish Empire as well as in Scotland and Anglo-Saxon England itself during the 6th century. ... By Germanic Christianity is that phase in the history of Northern Europe understood, when the Germanic peoples of the Migration period and Viking Age adopted Christianity. ...

The rule of St. Columbanus, which was originally followed in most of these monasteries, was soon superseded by that of St. Benedict. Later Gaelic missionaries, founded Honau in Baden (about 721), Murbach in Upper Alsace (about 727), Altomunster in Upper Bavaria (about 749), while other Gaelic monks restored St. Michel in Thiérache (940), Walsort near Namur (945), and, at Cologne, the Monasteries of St. Clement (about 953), St. Martin (about 980), St. Symphorian (about 990), and St. Pantaléon (1042). The Rule of St Benedict by Benedict of Nursia (fl. ... Gaelic as an adjective means pertaining to the Gaels, whether to their language or their culture. ... Lichtenstein is a municipality in the Tübingen administrative region (Regierungsbezirke) in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. ... The geographic region and Free State of Bavaria (German:  ), with an area of 70,553 km² (27,241 square miles) and 12. ... Namur (Nameûr in Walloon, Namen in Dutch) is a city and municipality, capital of the province of Namur and of the region of Wallonia in southern Belgium. ...

High Middle Ages (11th to 12th c.)

Irish monks known as Papar are said to have been present in Iceland before its settlement by the Norse in the 9th century. The Papar (from Irish pap, father) were, according to early Icelandic sources some Irish monks that inhabited Iceland and left after the arrival of the Vikings. ... Norseman redirects here; for the town of the same name see Norseman, Western Australia. ... As a means of recording the passage of time the 9th century was that century that lasted from 801 to 900. ...

Among the Irish monks who were active in Central Europe were two particularly important theologians, Marianus Scotus and Johannes Scotus Eriugena. Marianus Scotus (1028-1082 or 1083), chronicler (who must be distinguished from his namesake Marianus Scotus, d. ... J. Scotus Eriugena commemorated on a Irish banknote, issued 1976-1993 Johannes Scotus Eriugena (ca. ...

Legends surrounding Iro-Scottish foundations are recorded in a Middle High German text known as Charlemagne and the Scottish Saints (BL Harley 3971). Middle High German (MHG, German Mittelhochdeutsch) is the term used for the period in the history of the German language between 1050 and 1350. ... British Library Ossulston St entrance, with distinctive red logo. ...

Towards the end of the eleventh and in the twelfth century, a number of Schottenklöster, intended for Scottish and Irish monks exclusively, sprang up in Germany. About 1072, three Scottish monks, Marianus, Iohannus, and Candidus, took up their abode at the little Church of Weih-St-Peter at Ratisbon. Their number soon increased and a larger monastery was built for them (about 1090) by Burgrave Otto of Ratisbon and his brother Henry. This became the famous Scottish Monastery of St. Jacob at Ratisbon, the mother-house of a series of other Schottenklöster. It founded the Abbeys of St. Jacob at Würzburg (about 1134), St. Aegidius at Nuremberg (1140), St. Jacob at Constance (1142), Our Blessed Lady at Vienna (1158), St. Nicolas at Memmingen (1168), Holy Cross at Eichstätt (1194), and the Priory of Kelheim (1231). These, together with the Abbey of St. Jacob at Erfurt (1036), and the Priory of Weih-St-Peter at Ratisbon formed the famous congregation of the German Schottenklöster which was erected by Innocent III in 1215, with the Abbot of St. Jacob at Ratisbon as abbot-general. (10th century - 11th century - 12th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 11th century was that century which lasted from 1001 to 1100. ... (11th century - 12th century - 13th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 12th century was that century which lasted from 1101 to 1200. ... Regensburg (also Ratisbon, Latin Ratisbona) is a city (population 129,175 in 2005) in Bavaria, Germany, located at the confluence of the Danube and Regen rivers, at the northernmost bend in the Danube. ... Schottenportal The Benedictine abbey of St James (Jakobskirche) in Regensburg, Germany, was founded by Hiberno-Scottish missionaries and for most of its history was in the hands of first Irish, then Scottish monks. ... Würzburg is a city in the region of Franconia which lies in the northern tip of Bavaria, Germany. ... Nuremberg (German: Nürnberg, Polish: Norymberga) is a city in the German state of Bavaria, in the administrative region of Middle Franconia. ... Constance (CON-stents) is a female given name most often used in the English or French-speaking worlds. ... Vienna (German: , see also other names) is the capital of Austria, and also one of the nine States of Austria. ... Memmingen is a town in the Bavarian administrative region Swabia in Germany. ... Eichstätt (not to be confused with Eichstädt) is a city in the federal state of Bavaria, Germany, and capital of the district of Eichstätt. ... Kelheim is a town in Bavaria, capital of the district Kelheim. ... Mariendom and the Severikirche. ... Innocent III, né Lotario de Conti ( 1161–June 16, 1216), was Pope from January 8, 1198 until his death. ...

14th century onwards

In the 14th and 15th centuries most of these monasteries were on the decline, partly for want of Scottish or Irish monks, partly on account of great laxity of discipline and financial difficulties. In consequence, the abbeys of Nuremberg and Vienna were withdrawn from the Scottish congregation and repeopled by German monks in 1418. The Abbey of St. Jacob Würzburg was left without any monks after the death of Abbot Philip in 1497. It was then re-peopled by German monks and in 1506 joined the congregation of Bursfeld. In 1595, however, it was restored to the Scottish congregation and continued to be occupied by Scottish monks until its suppression in 1803. The abbey of Constance began to decline in the first half of the 15th century and was suppressed in 1530. That of Memmingen also disappeared during the early period of the Protestant Reformation. The Abbey of Holy Cross at Eichstatt seems to have ceased early in the fourteenth century. In consequence of the Protestant Reformation in Scotland many Scottish Benedictines left their country and took refuge in the Schottenklöster of Germany during the 16th century. The Scottish monasteries in Ratisbon, Erfurt, and Würzburg again began to flourish temporarily, but all endeavors to regain the monasteries of Nuremberg, Vienna, and Constance for monks of Scottish nationality were useless. Nuremberg (German: Nürnberg, Polish: Norymberga) is a city in the German state of Bavaria, in the administrative region of Middle Franconia. ... Vienna (German: , see also other names) is the capital of Austria, and also one of the nine States of Austria. ... The Protestant Reformation was a movement which began in the 16th century as a series of attempts to reform the Roman Catholic Church, but ended in division and the establishment of new institutions, most importantly Lutheranism, Reformed churches, and Anabaptists. ... Mariendom and the Severikirche. ...

In 1692 Abbot Placidus Flemming of Ratisbon reorganized the Scotch congregation which now comprised the monasteries of Ratisbon, Erfurt, and Würzburg, the only remaining Schottenklöster in Germany. He also erected a seminary in connection with the monastery at Ratisbon. But the forced secularization of monasteries in 1803 put an end to the Scotch abbeys of Erfurt and Würzburg, leaving St. Jacob's at Ratisbon as the only surviving Schottenklöster in Germany. Though since 1827 this monastery was again permitted to accept novices, the number of its monks dwindled down to two capitulars in 1862. There being no hope of any increase, Pope Pius IX suppressed this last Schottenklöster in his brief of 2 September, 1862. Its revenues were distributed between the diocesan seminary of Ratisbon and the Scotch College at Rome. Pope Pius IX (May 13, 1792 – February 7, 1878), born Giovanni Maria Mastai-Ferretti, reigned as Pope of the Roman Catholic Church from his election in June 16, 1846, until his death more than 31 years later in 1878, making him the longest-reigning Pope since the Apostle St. ... Nickname: Motto: SPQR: Senatus Populusque Romanus Location of the city of Rome (yellow) within the Province of Rome (red) and region of Lazio (grey) Coordinates: Region Lazio Province Province of Rome Founded 21 April 753 BC Government  - Mayor Walter Veltroni Area  - City 1,285 km²  (580 sq mi)  - Urban 5...

Literature

• Frank Shaw (ed.), Karl der Große und die Schottischen Heiligen. Nach der Handschrift Harley 3971 der Britischen Bibliothek London, Deutsche Texte des Mittelalters LXXI, Berlin (DDR), 1981.

1981 (MCMLXXXI) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

See also

• Anglo-Saxon mission
• Celtic Christianity
• Culdee
• Papar
• Scots Monastery, Regensburg
• Schottenstift, Vienna
• Pirmin
• Quartodecimanism

Anglo-Saxon missionaries were instrumental in the spread of Germanic Christianity in the Frankish Empire during the 8th century, continuing the work of Hiberno-Scottish missionaries which had been spreading Celtic Christianity across the Frankish Empire as well as in Scotland and Anglo-Saxon England itself during the 6th century. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The Culdees formed an ancient monastic order with settlements in Ireland and Scotland. ... The Papar (from Irish pap, father) were, according to early Icelandic sources some Irish monks that inhabited Iceland and left after the arrival of the Vikings. ... Schottenportal The Benedictine abbey of St James (Jakobskirche) in Regensburg, Germany, was founded by Hiberno-Scottish missionaries and for most of its history was in the hands of first Irish, then Scottish monks. ... Schottenstift The Schottenstift is an abbreviation of Benediktinerabtei unserer Lieben Frau zu den Schotten (lit, Benedictine Abbey of Our Fair Lady to the Scots) is a Roman Catholic monastery founded in Vienna in 1155 when Henry II brought Irish-Scottish monks to Vienna. ... Pirmin (died 753) was appointed by Charles Martel in 724 first abbot of the Reichenau Abbey, which he had founded. ... Quartodecimanism (fourteenism, derived from Latin) refers to the practice of fixing the celebration of Passover for Christians on the fourteenth day of Nisan in the Old Testaments Hebrew Calendar (for example Lev 23:5, in Latin quarta decima). This was the original method of fixing the date of the...

External links

• Original Catholic Encyclopedia text of this article

This article incorporates text from the public-domain Catholic Encyclopedia of 1913. The public domain comprises the body of all creative works and other knowledge—writing, artwork, music, science, inventions, and others—in which no person or organization has any proprietary interest. ... The Catholic Encyclopedia, also referred to today as the Old Catholic Encyclopedia, is an English-language encyclopedia published in 1913 by The Encyclopedia Press. ...