|
The Central India Campaign was one of the last series of actions in the Indian rebellion of 1857, or Indian Mutiny. A small British and Indian Army overcame a disunited collection of states in a single rapid campaign. It has been suggested that First War of Indian Independence 1857 be merged into this article or section. ...
Outbreak of the Mutiny In 1857, the area known to the British as Central India, consisted of six large and almost 150 small states, nominally under Mahratta or Mogul princes, but actually controlled by Residents or Commissioners appointed by the British East India Company. Extent of the Maratha Confederacy ca. ...
Mogul may mean: a bump in the snow in alpine skiing, a Mongolian the Mughal empire, or any member of its ruling dynasty by extension, any ruler or powerful person, such as a industrial mogul or media mogul a railroad steam locomotive type called the Mogul the largest size light...
The British East India Company, sometimes referred to as John Company, was a joint-stock company string of investors, which was granted a Royal Charter by Elizabeth I on December 31, 1600, with the intent to favour trade privileges in India. ...
Opposition to British control centred on Jhansi, where the Rani Lakshmi Bai, widow of the last prince, opposed the British annexation of the state under the notorious doctrine of lapse. Jhansi is a city of Uttar Pradesh state, India. ...
Equestrian statue of Jhansi ki Rani Rani Lakshmi Bai also known as Jhansi Ki Rani, was the queen of Jhansi, a Maratha-ruled princely state of northern India, was one of the great nationalist heroes of the War of Independence of 1857, and a symbol of resistance to British rule...
The Doctrine of Lapse was an annexation policy devised by Lord Dalhousie, who was the Governor General of India between 1848 and 1856. ...
The loyalty of the Indian soldiers (sepoys) of the East India Company's Bengal Army had been under increasing strain over the previous decade, and on May 10, 1857, the sepoys at Meerut, north of Delhi, broke into open rebellion. News of this outbreak spread rapidly, and most other units of the Bengal Army also rebelled. May 10 is the 130th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (131st in leap years). ...
1857 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ...
Meerut is a small city in the north-east of New Delhi in Uttar Pradesh, India. ...
Known in India as the Lotus Temple, the Baháà House of Worship is one of the most famous landmarks in Delhi. ...
Nine regiments of Bengal Native Infantry and three of cavalry were stationed in Central India. There was also a large Gwalior Contingent, raised largely from Oudh and similar in organisation to the Bengal Army, but in the service of the Maharajah of Gwalior. Almost all these units mutinied during June and July. There were very few British units to oppose them, and Central India fell entirely out of British control. Awadh (also known to the British as Oudh) is a region in the center of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. ...
Teli-ka-Mandir Fortress of Gwalior tiles with symbolic images colossal figures Gwalior is a city in Madhya Pradesh, India. ...
At Jhansi, British officers, civilians and dependents took shelter in the fort on June 5. They emerged three days later and were murdered by mutinous sepoys and irregulars. Rani Lakshmi Bai denied any complicity in this act but was nevertheless blamed by the British. June 5 is the 156th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (157th in leap years), with 209 days remaining. ...
Over the next few months, most of the mutinied regiments marched either to Delhi or to Lucknow, where they were defeated by British, Sikh, Pakhtun and Gurkha units. Meanwhile, most of the now independent princes began warring with each other, or demanding ransoms from each other on threat of force. The Nawab of Banda appears to have been particularly rapacious. Known in India as the Lotus Temple, the Baháà House of Worship is one of the most famous landmarks in Delhi. ...
Lucknow (Hindi: लखनऊ; Urdu: لکھنو Lakhnau) is the capital city of the state of Uttar Pradesh, India. ...
A Sikh man wearing a turban A Sikh is a follower of Sikhism, a religious faith originating in the Punjab. ...
The Pashtuns (also Pushtun, Pakhtun, or ethnic Afghan; in referring to the period of the British Raj or earlier, sometimes Pathan) are an ethnic/religious group of people, living primarily in Afghanistan, Pakistan, and India who follow Pashtunwali, their indigenous religion. ...
Gurkha, also spelt as Gorkha, are people from Nepal who take their name from the eighth century Hindu warrior-saint Guru Gorakhnath. ...
One Mogul prince, Firuz Shah, attempted to lead an army into the Bombay Presidency to the south, but was defeated by a small force under the acting Commissioner for Central India, Sir Henry Durand. Durand then overawed the Holkar (the ruler of Indore in southern Central India), into surrender. Indore is the commercial capital of the Malwa region and the central Indian state of Madhya Pradesh (MP). ...
The Campaign to the fall of Kalpi The Central India Field Force, under Sir Hugh Rose took the field around Indore in late December, 1857. The force consisted of two small brigades only, but they would be opposed only by the various forces of the Rajahs, whose equipment and efficiency were in doubt. Hugh Henry Rose, 1st Baron Strathnairn (April 6, 1801 - October 16, 1885), British field-marshal, third son of the Right Hon. ...
Rose's first mission was to relieve the town of Saugor, where a small European garrison was besieged. He accomplished this on February 5 after some hard-fought battles. His force had then to wait at Saugor for several weeks while transport and supplies were collected. Sagar, or Saugor is a city in Madhya Pradesh state, India. ...
February 5 is the 36th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ...
They then advanced towards Jhansi. The rebels attempted to stand before the city but they were decisively defeated at Madanpur and fled, demoralised, into the city. Rose ignored instructions from the Commander in Chief to detach forces to assist two "loyal" Rajahs, and laid siege to Jhansi on March 24. On March 31, Tantya Tope led an army in an attempt to relieve the city, but was defeated the next day and forced to retreat to Kalpi. Jhansi was stormed on April 5. There were a number of atrocities committed by the attackers, and much looting and indiscipline. 5,000 defenders and civilians died. Rani Lakshmi Bai escaped, probably while Rose's cavalry were busy looting. March 24 is the 83rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (84th in Leap years). ...
March 31 is the 90th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (91st in Leap years), with 275 days remaining. ...
Tantya Tope also known as Ram Chandra Pandurang was born in 1814 at village Gola in Maharashtra. ...
KALPI, is a town in the Jalaun district of Uttar Pradesh state in India, on the right bank of the Yamuna. ...
April 5 is the 95th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (96th in leap years). ...
Rose was once again forced to pause while discipline and order was restored, but advanced on May 5 towards Kalpi. Once again, the rebels attempted to fight in front of the city, and once again the British won a decisive battle, at Kunch on May 6. This led to demoralisation and mutual recrimination among the rebels, but their morale recovered when the Nawab of Banda reinforced Kalpi. On May 16, they fought desperately to save the city, but were again defeated. The battle took place at the height of the hot weather season, and many of Rose's soldiers were struck down by sunstroke. May 5 is the 125th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (126th in leap years). ...
KALPI, is a town in the Jalaun district of Uttar Pradesh state in India, on the right bank of the Yamuna. ...
May 6 is the 126th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (127th in leap years). ...
KALPI, is a town in the Jalaun district of Uttar Pradesh state in India, on the right bank of the Yamuna. ...
May 16 is the 136th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (137th in leap years). ...
The recapture of Gwalior With the fall of Kalpi, Rose thought the campaign was over and applied to go on sick leave. The rebel leaders managed to rally some of their forces, and agreed on a plan to capture Gwalior from its ruler, Maharajah Sindia, who had remained loyal to the British. On June 1, the rebel army attacked Sindia's at Morar. Most of Sindia's troops either deserted or defected. Sindia and a few adherents fled to Agra. KALPI, is a town in the Jalaun district of Uttar Pradesh state in India, on the right bank of the Yamuna. ...
June 1 is the 152nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (153rd in leap years), with 213 days remaining. ...
For other uses, see Agra (disambiguation). ...
After capturing Gwalior and looting its treasury, the rebels wasted time celebrating. Rose had offered to remain in the field until his replacement arrived, and on June 12, he recaptured Morar, in spite of the great heat and humidity. Rani Lakshmi Bai was killed in a cavalry action near Kotah-ke-Serai on June 17. Over the next two days, most rebels abandoned Gwalior while the British recaptured the city. June 12 is the 163rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (164th in leap years), with 202 days remaining. ...
June 17 is the 168th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (169th in leap years), with 197 days remaining. ...
Last actions Most rebel leaders surrendered or went into hiding, but Tantya Tope remained in the field. Aided by monsoon rains which delayed his pursuers, Tantya continued to dodge around Central India. Other leaders joined him; Rao Sahib, Man Singh, and Firuz Shah (who had been fighting in Rohilkhand). Eventually in April 1859, Tantya Tope was betrayed by Man Singh, and hanged. Tantya Tope also known as Ram Chandra Pandurang was born in 1814 at village Gola in Maharashtra. ...
Rohilkhand is a region of northwestern Uttar Pradesh state of India. ...
Indian historians criticise the conduct of the Indian princes, most of whom were self-interested or effete, and the lack of leadership among the sepoys. Most of the sepoys' officers were elderly men who had attained rank through seniority while seeing little action and receiving no training as leaders. In many cases, the defenders of cities and fortresses fought well at first but were demoralised when relieving forces were defeated, and then abandoned easily defended positions without fighting.
By contrast, Durand, Rose, and their principal subordinates had acted quickly and decisively. Many of their forces came from the Bombay Army, which was not disaffected to the same degree as the Bengal Army. This article or section should be merged with Mumbai Mumbai (previously known as Bombay) is the worlds most populous conurbation, and is the sixth most populous agglomeration in the world. ...
References - Battles of the Indian Mutiny, Michael Edwardes, Pan, 1963, ISBN 0330025244
- The Great Mutiny, Christopher Hibbert, Penguin, 1978, ISBN 0140047522
External links
|
Feeds |
Contact