Central pontine myelinolysis is a neurologic disease caused by severe damage of the myelin sheath of nerve cells in the brainstem, more precisely in the area termed the pons. The most common cause is the rapid correction of low blood sodium levels (hyponatremia). Some scholars postulate that the real cause might be the lack of a substance that is essential for brain activity and is lacking due to malnutrition. The fact that this condition is most frequently observed in patients with general ill health (alcoholism, cachexia etc.) is in accordance with this assumption. Imaging by MRI demonstrates an area of high signal return on T2 weighted images. Frequently observed symptoms in this disorder are weakness, double vision and loss of consciousness. In neuroscience, myelin is an electrically insulating fatty layer that surrounds the axons of many neurons, especially those in the peripheral nervous system. ... Neurons (also spelled neurones or called nerve cells) are the primary cells of the nervous system. ... The brain stem is the stalk of the brain below the cerebral hemispheres. ... The pons is a knob on the brain stem. ... The electrolyte disturbance hyponatremia exists when the sodium level in the plasma falls below 135 mmol/l. ... Alcoholism is an addictive dependency on alcohol characterized by craving (a strong need to drink); loss of control (being unable to stop); physical dependence and withdrawal symptoms; and tolerance (increasing difficulty of becoming drunk). ... Double Vision can refer to: Double Vision (album) - a 1978 album by Foreigner. ... In medicine, a coma (from the Greek koma, meaning deep sleep) is a profound state of unconsciousness, which may result from a variety of conditions including intoxication (drug, alcohol or toxins), metabolic abnormalities (hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, ketoacidosis, etc. ...