In anatomy, the centromedian nucleus, also known as the centrum medianum, (CM or Cm-Pf) is a part of the intralaminar nucleus (ILN) of the thalamus. There are two centromedian nuclei arranged bilaterally.
Its physiological role involves attention and arousal, including control of the level of cortical activity. Some frequencies of extracellular electrical stimulation of the centromedian nucleus can cause absence seizures (temporary loss of consciousness) although electrical stimulation can be of therapeutic use in intractable epilepsy and Tourette's syndrome. General anaesthetics specifically suppress activity in the ILN, including the centromedian nucleus. Complete bilateral lesions of the centromedian nucleus can lead to states normally associated with brain death such as coma, death, persistent vegetative state, forms of mutism and severe delirium. Unilateral lesions can lead to unilateral thalamic neglect.
Relevant articles
The Global Thalamus (See level 12, the centromedian nucleus is labelled CM) (http://www.neuroanatomy.wisc.edu/coro97/contents.htm)
Nicholas D. Schiff and Fred Plum. The Role of Arousal and “Gating” Systems in the Neurology of Impaired Consciousness. Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology. 17(5):438–452, 2000. (http://www.uni-tuebingen.de/cog/lehre/ss2003/seminar_bewusstsein/epapers/SchiffPlum00.pdf)
J. M. Henderson, K. Carpenter, H. Cartwright and G. M. Halliday. Loss of thalamic intralaminar nuclei in progressive supranuclear palsy and Parkinson's disease: clinical and therapeutic implications. Brain, Vol. 123, No. 7, 1410-1421, July 2000 (http://brain.oupjournals.org/cgi/content/full/123/7/1410)
In the anatomy of the brain, the centromediannucleus, also known as the centrum medianum, (CM or Cm-Pf) is a part of the intralaminar nucleus (ILN) of the thalamus.
Some frequencies of extracellular electrical stimulation of the centromediannucleus can cause absence seizures (temporary loss of consciousness) although electrical stimulation can be of therapeutic use in intractable epilepsy and Tourette's syndrome.
Complete bilateral lesions of the centromediannucleus can lead to states normally associated with brain death such as coma, death, persistent vegetative state, forms of mutism and severe delirium.
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