NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Cephalin

Although it is found in all living cells, it is found particularly in nervous tissue such as the white matter of brain, nerves, neural tissue, and in spinal cord. Whereas Lecithin is the principal phospholipid in animals, cephalin is the principal one in bacteria. Its role in nature seems uncertain. White matter is one of the two main solid components of the central nervous system. ... Comparative brain sizes In animals, the brain, or encephalon (Greek for in the head), is the control center of the central nervous system. ... Cross-section through cervical spinal cord. ... Lecithin, also known as Phosphatidylcholine Lecithin is mostly a mixture of glycolipids, triglycerides, and phospholipids (eg Phosphatidylcholine, Phosphatidylehtanolamine, and Phosphatidylinositol). ... Phyla/Divisions Actinobacteria Aquificae Bacteroidetes/Chlorobi Chlamydiae/Verrucomicrobia Chloroflexi Chrysiogenetes Cyanobacteria Deferribacteres Deinococcus-Thermus Dictyoglomi Fibrobacteres/Acidobacteria Firmicutes Fusobacteria Gemmatimonadetes Nitrospirae Omnibacteria Planctomycetes Proteobacteria Spirochaetes Thermodesulfobacteria Thermomicrobia Thermotogae Bacteria (singular, bacterium) are a major group of living organisms. ...

In the chemical sense, cephalin is phosphatidyl-ethanolamine. Like Lecithin, it consists of a combination of glycerol esterified with two fatty acids and phosphoric acid. Whereas the phosphate group is combined with choline in Lecithin, it is combined with the ethanolamine in Cephalin. Glycerol, also well known as glycerin and glycerine, and less commonly as propane-1,2,3-triol, 1,2,3-propanetriol, 1,2,3-trihydroxypropane, glyceritol, and glycyl alcohol is a colorless, odorless, hygroscopic, and sweet-tasting viscous liquid. ... In chemistry, especially biochemistry, a fatty acid is a carboxylic acid (or organic acid), often with a long aliphatic tail (long chains), either saturated or unsaturated. ... R-phrases S-phrases , , Supplementary data page Structure and properties n, Îµr, etc. ... // Choline is a nutrient, essential for cardiovascular and brain function, and for cellular membrane composition and repair. ... Ethanolamine, or 2-Amino ethanol, is a toxic flammable corrosive colorless viscous liquid with an odor similar to ammonia. ...

The two fatty acids may be the same, or different, and are usually in the 1,2 positions (though can be in the 1,3 positions).

Categories: Lipids

Results from FactBites:

Spontaneous preparation of small unilamellar liposomes - Patent 4619794 (8986 words)
	dilauroyl lecithin or cephalin, dimyristoyl lecithin or cephalin, dipalmitoyl lecithin or cephalin, distearoyl lecithin or cephalin, diarachinoyl lecithin or cephalin, dioleoyl lecithin or cephalin, dilinoyl lecithin or cephalin, dilinoleoyl lecithin or cephalin, or diarachinoyl lecithin or cephalin, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are different acyloxy radicals, e.g.
	ditetradecyl lecithin or cephalin, or dihexadecyl lecithin or cephalin, R.sub.1 is alkenyl and R.sub.2 is acyloxy, e.g.
	1 g of asolectin (mixture of phospholipids consisting mainly of lecithin, cephalin, phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylinositol) and 0.2 g of egg phosphatidic acid are dissolved in 20 ml of a 2:1 mixture of chloroform/methanol and the solution is concentrated in vacuo.

U.S. Patent: 6245741 - Protein Z-dependent protease inhibitor - June 12, 2001 (7664 words)
	Cephalin (75.mu.M) 50.mu.L, 50.mu.L CaCl.sub.2 (25 mM), 50.mu.L PZ or PZ.sub.T (160 nM), and 50.mu.L factor Xa (0.5 nM) are incubated at 37.degree.
	Cephalin (75.mu.M) 50.mu.L, 50.mu.L CaCl.sub.2 (25 mM), and 50.mu.L buffer containing 0.1 M NaCl, 0.05 M HEPES, pH 7.4, and bovine serum albumin (1 mg/mL) (HSA) are incubated at 37.degree.
	Twenty.mu.L rabbit brain cephalin (75.mu.M), 20.mu.L CaCl.sub.2 (25 nM), 20.mu.L PZ (200 nM) or 20.mu.L HSA (0.1 M NaCl, 0.05 M Hepes, pH 7.4, with 1 mg/mL bovine serum albumin), 20.mu.L of the sample to be tested, and 20.mu.L factor Xa (1 nM) were incubated in the sample cup of a fibrometer at 37.degree.

More results at FactBites »

COMMENTARY

Share your thoughts, questions and commentary here

Want to know more?
Search encyclopedia, statistics and forums:

Feeds | Contact
The Wikipedia article included on this page is licensed under the GFDL.
Images may be subject to relevant owners' copyright.
All other elements are (c) copyright NationMaster.com 2003-5. All Rights Reserved.
Usage implies agreement with terms.