A certified first responder is a person who has completed forty to sixty hours of training in providing care for medical emergencies.^{[citation needed]} They have more skill than someone who is trained in first aid but are not emergency medical technicians. A medical emergency is an injury or illness that poses an immediate threat to a persons health or life which requires help from a doctor or hospital. ... First aid is a series of simple, life-saving medical techniques that a non-doctor or layman can be trained to perform. ... The examples and perspective in this article or section may not represent a worldwide view. ...

First responders in the United States

History

The U.S. Department of Transportation (D.O.T.) recognized a gap between the typical eight hours training required for providing advanced first aid (as taught by the Red Cross) and the 120 hours typical of an EMT-Basic program. Also, some rural communities could not afford the comprehensive training and highly experienced instructors required for a full EMT-Basic course. The First Responder training program began in 1979 as an outgrowth of the "Crash Injury Management" course. The United States Department of Transportation (DOT) is a Cabinet department of the United States government concerned with transport. ...

In 1995 the D.O.T. issued a manual for an intermediate level of training called "First Responder."[1] This training can be completed in forty to sixty hours. Importantly, this training can be conducted by an EMT-Basic with some field experience -- which is a resource available "in-house" for many volunteer fire departments who do not have the resources for full EMT training. The first responder training is intended to fill the gap between First Aid and EMT-Basic.

The American Red Cross conducts a course titled "Emergency Response" that fits this definition. A WWII-era poster encouraged American women to volunteer for the Red Cross as part of the war effort. ...

First Responders in Australia

First responder skills and limitations

Lifesaving skills in the first responder course include recognizing unsafe scenes and hazardous materials emergencies, protection from bloodborne pathogens, controlling bleeding, applying splints, conducting a primary life-saving patient assessment, in-line spinal stabilization and transport, emergency defibrillation, when to call for more advanced medical help, and the use of oxygen and airway adjuncts. First Responders can recognize and treat a wide variety of ailments, including, but not limited to, strokes, heart attacks, poisonings, shock, hypo- and hyperglycemia, and heat- and cold-related emergencies. First Responders are also trained to assist with the delivery of babies. However, a first responder does not have an EMT's skill at patient assessment and evaluation. They also lack the basic pharmacology training EMTs receive, and are thus not allowed to administer oral Glucose and Activated Charcoal, or assist with Nitro or inhalers. First responders do not have enough training to be the highest level of certification on a BLS ambulance, but may be present, although this is not their primary duty. They serve as secondary providers with some volunteer EMS services. A certified first responder can be seen either as an advanced first aid provider, or as a somewhat limited provider of emergency medical care. A pathogen or infectious agent is a biological agent that causes disease or illness to its host. ... Typical view of the defibrillator operator. ... Glucose (Glc), a monosaccharide (or simple sugar), is the most important carbohydrate in biology. ... Activated carbon (also called activated charcoal) is the more general term which includes material mostly derived from charcoal. ... Basic life support (BLS) is a specific level of prehospital medical care provided by trained responders, including emergency medical technicians, in the absence of advanced medical care. ... An ambulance in San Jose Del Cabo, Mexico A Helicopter used as an Ambulance. ...

First Responders can also administer the following airways when indicated and where standard of care permits:

• Oropharyngeal Airway
• Nasopharyngeal Airway

• Combitube is being considered (with extra class hours) *****

As of 2006; First Responders (FR III) in the US are now allowed to administer EPI-PEN(classes are required) A 0. ...

Rescue

NFPA regulation 1006 and 1670 state that all "rescuers" must have medical training to perform any technical rescue operation, including cutting the vehicle itself during an extrication. Therefore, in most all rescue environments, whether it is an EMS Department or Fire Department that runs the rescue, the actual rescuers who cut the vehicle and run the extrication scene or perform any rescue such as rope, low angle, etc, are Medical First Responders, Emergency Medical Technicians, or Paramedics, as most every rescue has a patient involved.

Traditional first responders

The first responder training is considered a bare minimum for emergency service workers who may be sent out in response to a call for help and is almost always required for professional firefighters. It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Distress call. ... Firefighter with an axe A firefighter, sometimes still called a fireman though women have increasingly joined firefighting units, is a person who is trained and equipped to put out fires, rescue people and in some areas provide emergency medical services. ...

The first responder level of emergency medical training is often required for police officers (in California, this training is referred to as "Title 22" after the law mandating such training). For the band, see The Police. ...

Non-traditional first responders

Many persons can be trained as first responders who would otherwise receive only an eight-hour first aid class. Typically, these persons are selected for first responder training because they are either likely to be the first on the scene of a medical emergency, or because they work far from medical help. These non-traditional first responders include:

• lifeguards
• park rangers
• utility workers
• teachers, childcare workers and school bus drivers
• worker-volunteers in a large facility (industrial plant) or at a remote site (fish-packing plant, commercial vessel, oil rig)
• truck drivers
• security guards
• bodyguards
• general aviation pilots and commercial flight attendants
• sports coach
• hunting and fishing guides
• Search and rescue personnel

First responder training is a cost-effective way to extend the reach of the emergency medical system, but not a substitute for EMT-Basic training for those employed to provide emergency medical services on a daily basis. It has been suggested that this article be split into multiple articles. ... It has been suggested that some sections of this article be split into a new article entitled National Park Ranger (United States). ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... The examples and perspective in this article or section may not represent a worldwide view. ... // There are two major types of truck drivers: Owner operators are individuals that own the trucks they drive and can either lease their trucks by contract with a trucking company to haul freight for that company using their trucks or haul loads for a number of companies and is self... A security officer guards a construction site. ... Bodyguards of Viktor Yushchenko (far left) after leaving Gdansk city hall. ... Aviators are people who fly aircraft either for pleasure or for a job. ... Flight attendant in an Embraer ERJ 145 LR (PBair, Thailand) Stewardess, circa 1949-50, American Overseas, Flagship Denmark, Boeing Stratocruiser In aviation, flight attendants—also known as sky girls, air hostesses, stewardesses or stewards—are members of a flight crew employed by airlines to ensure the safety of the passengers... In sports, a coach is an individual involved in the direction and instruction of the on-field operations of an athletic team or of individual athletes. ... “Hunter” redirects here. ... Fishing is the activity of hunting for fish by hooking, trapping, or gathering. ... Search and Rescue (acronym SAR) is an operation mounted by emergency services, often well-trained volunteers, to find someone believed to be in distress, lost, sick or injured either in a remote or difficult to access area, such as mountains, desert or forest (Wilderness search and rescue), or at sea...

First responders in France

In France, the pre-hospital care is either performed by first responders from the fire department (sapeurs-pompiers, most emergency situations) or from a private ambulance company (relative emergency at home), or by a medical team that includes a physician, a nurse and an ambulance technician (called "smur"). The intermediate scale, the firefighter nurse (infirmier sapeur-pompier, ISP), is only a recent evolution and is performed by nurses specially trained acting with emergency protocols; these nurses are the French equivalent of the paramedics. The first responders are thus the most frequent answer to emergency calls. Firefighter with an axe A firefighter, sometimes still called a fireman though women have increasingly joined firefighting units, is a person who is trained and equipped to put out fires, rescue people and in some areas provide emergency medical services. ... An ambulance in San Jose Del Cabo, Mexico A Helicopter used as an Ambulance. ... The Doctor by Luke Fildes This article is about the term physician, one type of doctor; for other uses of the word doctor see Doctor. ... This article focuses on the education and regulation of nurses. ... Categories: Stub | Emergency services | Prehospital care ... This article focuses on the education and regulation of nurses. ... A Paramedic is a specialized health care professional who responds to medical and trauma emergencies in the pre-hospital (out-of-hospital) environment for the purpose of stabilizing and transporting the patient to an appropriate medical facility, usually by ambulance. ...

First aid associations (about 15 nationwide associations, including the French Red cross, St John of Malta and the volunteers of the Civil protection) also train their volunteers as first responders; the diploma (CFAPSE) is exactly the same as the firefighters. They usually act in preventive first aid post, e.g. for concerts, sporting or cultural events. A voluntary association (also sometimes called an unincorporated association, or just an association) is a group of individuals who voluntarily enter into an agreement to form a body (or organization) to accomplish a purpose. ...

The volunteers first responders can take part of an emergency rescue team in case of disaster; due to the bad response time (usually some hours to gather the teams), they usually deal with minor casualties, but could theoretically act in first line. In some places (e.g. in Paris), the volunteers take part of the public rescue and partly replace the firemen during the weekends. City flag City coat of arms Motto: Fluctuat nec mergitur (Latin: Tossed by the waves, she does not sink) Paris Eiffel tower as seen from the esplanade du Trocadéro. ...

The diploma required to be first responder is the CFAPSE (certificat de formation aux activités des premiers secours en équipe, "certificate of training to team first aid"). It lasts about 50-60 hours, and the final exam is under the responsibility of a physician, a representative to the préfet (responsible of emergency situations in the département) and several instructors (usually from various associations and from the fire department). They must also follow every year 6 hours of continuing training. The Doctor by Luke Fildes This article is about the term physician, one type of doctor; for other uses of the word doctor see Doctor. ... In France and many other French-speaking countries, a préfet (English: prefect) is the States representative in a département or région (in the later case, he is called a préfet de région). ... The départements (or departments) are administrative units of France and many former French colonies, roughly analogous to English counties. ...

The first responders activity is called secourisme ("rescuism") or prompt secours ("fast aid"), to make the difference with the premiers secours ("first aid") performed by the bystanders (although the name of the diploma contains the words premiers secours...).

Education (CFAPSE)

The organization will change in 2006. The following describes the situation between 1991 and 2005 For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... 1991 (MCMXCI) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

The CFAPSE (50-60h) is made of ten modules:

• E 1. - the CFR team (team work, organisation of the civil defense and integration in an emergency operation, as professional rescuer or as community emergency response team)
• E 2. - Assessment and evaluation and voice radio communication
• E 3. - emergency casualty movement and patient positions for transportation
• E 4. - Casualty lifting
• E 5. - Casualty movement
• E 6. - Bleedings, wounds, burns
• E 7. - airway permeability (recovery position made by three CFR after motorcycle helmet removal and neck immobilisation by a cervical collar, mouth vacuum aspiration of mucosity)
• E 8. - Mechanical ventilation with devices (bag valve mask)
• E 9. - Oxygen first aid, cardiopulmonary resuscitation and Automated external defibrillation
• E 10. - Immobilisations (splints)

It is possible to follow only a partial course (12h) with the E1, E2, E7, E8 and E9 modules. This "first-level" course is called the attestation de formation complémentaire aux premiers secours avec matériel–AFCPSAM (additional first aid course with equipment). The old United States civil defense logo. ... Emergency operations or Emergency preparedness is a set of doctrines to prepare civil society to cope with natural or man-made disasters. ... In the United States a Community Emergency Response Team (CERT), sometimes known as a Neighborhood Emergency Response Team (NERT), or Neighborhood Emergency Team (NET), is a group of volunteer emergency workers who have received basic training in disaster preparedness, disaster fire suppression, basic disaster medical operations, light search and rescue... Casualty lifting is the first step of casualty movement, an early aspect of emergency medical care. ... The casualty movement is the procedures used to move a casualty from the initial location (street, home, working place. ... Blood from a finger Bleeding is the loss of blood from the body. ... Superficial bullet wounds In medicine, a wound is a type of physical trauma wherein the skin is torn, cut or punctured (an open wound), or where blunt force trauma causes a contusion (a closed wound). ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... The airways are those parts of the respiratory system through which air flows, to get from the external environment to the alveoli. ... A form of the recovery position. ... A motorcycle helmet is a type of protective headgear used by motorcycle riders. ... A cervical collar is a plastic, foam, or plastazole neck brace that can be rigid or soft and is used to secure the cervical vertebrae in the normal position. ... mechanical or forced ventilation is the use of powered equipment, e. ... A BVM Resuscitator A BVM Resuscitator (Bag Valve Mask) is a part of the usual equipment carried by ALS (advanced life support) and BLS (basic life support) units to provide patient treatment in medical emergencies such as cardiac arrest. ... Oxygen first aid kit showing a demand valve and a constant flow mask Oxygen first aid or oxygen administration is a first aid treatment for many medical emergencies involving the organs of respiration and circulation such as heart attack, drowning, carbon monoxide poisoning, decompression illness, lung barotrauma and gas embolism. ... Wikibooks has more about this subject: First Aid/CPR Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is an emergency first aid procedure for a victim of cardiac arrest. ... A semi-automatic external defibrillator An automated external defibrillator (AED) is a portable electronic device that diagnoses and treats cardiac arrest by re-establishing an effective heart rhythm. ... A splint is a medical device for the immobilisation of limbs or of the spine. ...

Medical Responders in the UK

In Britain "Rapid Responders" are paid ambulance crew who drive special responder vehicles. The vehicles are marked with high-visibility ambulance markings with blue flashing lights and sirens. The vehicles are generally single-crewed, as opposed to the double-crewed ambulances.

Medical First Responders in Canada

The Medical First Responder program is the new "Standard" for Volunteers First Aid providers in Canada. This program is the same as is being used by Canadian Coast Guard Rescue Specialists, Reserve Medical Corps attached to Department of National Defense (DND), the Industry sector, and Volunteer Fire Departments. The course is a minimum 40 hours, with elective modules possibly making the course, up to, 80 hours. In Canada, Volunteer or Hired First Aid providers are usually requested to attend large gatherings and events 'just in case'. Medical First Responders are not a replacement for EMTs, rather; they are used as a 'Primary Care Provider' until professional assistance arrives. First Responder courses are also the minimum level of certification required by some private stable transport companies that provide interfacility transfer for patients in need of a bed, but who are stable and do not require continual EMS care. The Canadian Coast Guard or CCG (Fr. ... The Department of National Defence, frequently referred to by its acronym DND, is the department within the government of Canada with responsibility for Canadas military, known as the Canadian Forces. ... Firefighter with an axe A firefighter, sometimes still called a fireman though women have increasingly joined firefighting units, is a person who is trained and equipped to put out fires, rescue people and in some areas provide emergency medical services. ... The examples and perspective in this article or section may not represent a worldwide view. ...

St. John Ambulance teaches a series of first responder courses to their volunteer brigade, auxiliary bridgades (such as Campus Emergency Response Teams) and select members of the general public. The course series includes Medical First Responders as well as an Advanced Medical First Responder course. The Canadian Red Cross Society also conducts advanced first aid courses titled First Responder (a 40hr course matching the description above) and the Emergency Medical Responder course (80 hours) which while similar in scope, has higher standards of evaluation and meets the Paramedic Association of Canada's NOCP (National Occupational Competency Profile) and can be used as a recognized vocational certification in some parts of the country for working EMS. St. ... The Anarchist Black Cross was originally called the Anarchist Red Cross. The band Redd Kross was originally called Red Cross. This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ...

Medical First Responder limitations

The Medical First Responders fall under the protection of the Good Samaritan law in Canada. Directed to provide first aid when necessary and will be immune from prosecution if assistance was given in good faith up to, and not beyond, the limits of certification and training. No conscious person can be forced to accept any medical treatment, however, an unconscious person, according to Canadian Law, has given Implied Consent. The theory being that, if the condition is so serious as to cause a loss of consciousness, no person would refuse assistance. Good Samaritan laws in the United States and Canada are laws protecting from blame those who choose to aid others who are injured or ill. ...

Example of Modules

• Anatomy & Physiology
• Respiratory Emergencies & Oxygen Administration
• Airway Management
• Cardiovascular Emergencies & CPR
• Severe Bleeding
• Chest Injuries
• Medical Emergencies
• Automated External Defibrillation
• Head/Spinal/Pelvic Injuries
• Poisons. Bites and Stings
• Behavioural Emergencies
• Gastro-intestinal/Genito-Urinary Injuries
• Multiple Casualty Management

Human heart and lungs, from an older edition of Grays Anatomy. ... Leonardo da Vincis Vitruvian Man, an important early achievement in the study of physiology. ... Oxygen first aid kit showing a demand valve and a constant flow mask Oxygen first aid or oxygen administration is a first aid treatment for many medical emergencies involving the organs of respiration and circulation such as heart attack, drowning, carbon monoxide poisoning, decompression illness, lung barotrauma and gas embolism. ... In cardiopulmonary resuscitation, anaesthesia, emergency medicine, and intensive care medicine, airway management is the process or ensuring that: there is an open pathway between a patient’s lungs and the outside world, and the lungs are safe from aspiration. ... Advanced cardiac life support or (ACLS) refers to a set of clinical interventions for the urgent treatment of cardiac arrest and other life threatening medical emergencies, as well as the knowledge and skills to deploy those interventions. ... Chest trauma (or thoracic trauma) is a serious injury of the chest. ... A semi-automatic external defibrillator An automated external defibrillator (AED) is a portable electronic device that diagnoses and treats cardiac arrest by re-establishing an effective heart rhythm. ... The Spinal cord nested in the vertebral column. ... The skull and crossbones symbol (Jolly Roger) traditionally used to label a poisonous substance. ... // The gastrointestinal tract (GI tract), also called the digestive tract, or the alimentary canal. ...

See also

• Outdoor Emergency Care
• combat lifesaver
• Rescue squad
• extrication
• Triage
• fr:Secourisme : organismes: list of the French organisations (associations and administrations) training first responders.