Chagatai Khan (alternative spellings Çağatay in Turkic Chagata, Chugta, Chagta, Djagatai, Chaghtai) was the second son of Genghis Khan. He inherited most of what are now the five Central Asian states and Northern Iran after the death of his father and ruled until his death in 1241. He was also appointed by Genghis Khan to oversee the execution of the Yassa, though that lasted only until Genghis Khan was crowned Khan of the Mongol Empire. The Empire later came to be known as the Chagatai Khanate, part of the Mongol Empire. Turkish (Türkçe) is a Turkic language spoken natively by the Turkish people in Turkey, Cyprus, Bulgaria, Greece, Republic of Macedonia and other countries of the former Ottoman Empire, as well as by several million emigrants in the European Union. ...  , (c. ... Map of Central Asia showing three sets of possible boundaries for the region Central Asia located as a region of the world Central Asia is a vast landlocked region of Asia. ... Events April 5 - Mongols of Golden Horde under the command of Subotai defeat feudal Polish nobility, including Knights Templar, in the battle of Liegnitz April 27 - Mongols defeat Bela IV of Hungary in the battle of Sajo. ... Yassa, alternatively Yasa or Yasaq, is a written code of laws created by Genghis Khan. ... Chagatai Khan (alternative spellings Chagata, Chugta, Chagta, Djagatai, Jagatai), a son of Genghis Khan (1206–1227), controlled the part of the Mongol Empire which extended from the Ili River (eastern Kazakhstan) and Kashgaria (western Tarim Basin) to Transoxiana. ... Expansion of the Mongol Empire The Mongol Empire (Mongolian: Их Монгол Улс, meaning Great (Их) Mongol Nation (Улс)) (1206–1405) was the largest empire in world history, covering over 36 million km² [1] at its peak, with an estimated population of over 100 million people, and it was one of the most powerful of all...

He was considered hot-head by his relatives, because of his attitude with rash actions such as not accepting Jochi as Great Khan. He was the most vocal about this topic among his relatives. Jochi (also spelled Jöchi) (c. ... KHAGAN, alternatively spelled Chagan, Qaqan etc, is a title of royal or imperial rank in Mongolian and Turkic languages. ...

The real founder of the state was Chagatai's grandson Alghu. He basically took land that is now present day northwest Afghanistan. The state was much less influenced by Islam than the Il-Kanid state to the south east, but there were Muslims within the state and some Chughtai did convert. However, they kept to old nomadic traits much longer. Some historians have said this was a major reason for the decline in urbanism and agriculture in this area which is known to have occurred. The first ruler who actually converted to Islam was Mubarak-Shah (note the Arab name). His conversion occurred in 1256, however this was very problematic because in less than 30 years other rulers would renounce Islam and return to older beliefs, however Tarmarshirin converted to Islam and tried to turn the dynasty back toward Islam. His conversion provoked a huge backlash from nomadic groups in the eastern part of the realm who eventually killed him in 1334. After his death the Chagatai state lost it's status and disintegrated. The family did survive however, even through the world conqueror Tamerlane. By the early 1500 they had reasserted themselves in present day Uzbekistan and continued a realm there till the 1700s Shaybanid ruling house of the Uzbeks. Alghu (d. ... The Shaybanid dynasty was a 16th century Uzbek dynasty founded by Muhammad Shaybani. ...

He is also the person from whom the Chagatai Turks and the Chughtais of South Asia generally claim descent.