FACTOID # 21: The United States has the most money, airports, radios and Internet Service Providers.
 
 Home   Encyclopedia   Statistics   Countries A-Z   Flags   Maps   Education   Forum   FAQ   About 
 
WHAT'S NEW
RECENT ARTICLES
More Recent Articles »
 

SEARCH ALL

FACTS & STATISTICS    Advanced view

Search encyclopedia, statistics and forums:

 

 

(* = Graphable)

 

 


Encyclopedia > Channelling (mediumistic)

In spirituality, channelling (BE) or channeling (AE) is the communication of information to or through a person (the channel or medium), from a spirit or other paranormal entity outside the mind (or self) of the channel. Channelling is part of the belief systems and rituals of many religions, such as Candomblé, Voodoo, Kardecism, Umbanda, and more. Channelling is also used in slang when referring to behavior. ex; Look at that outfit, she must be channelling ghandi. Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Mediumship is a term used mostly in spiritualism to denote the ability to produce psi phenomena of a mental or physical nature. ... Spirituality, in a narrow sense, concerns itself with matters of the spirit. ... British English (BrE, BE, en-GB) is the broad term used to distinguish the forms of the English language used in the United Kingdom from forms used elsewhere in the Anglophone world. ... For other uses, see American English (disambiguation). ... The ASCII codes for the word Wikipedia represented in binary, the numeral system most commonly used for encoding computer information. ... In spirituality, a medium or spirit medium (plural mediums) is an individual who possesses the ability to receive messages from spirits (discorporate entities), or claims that he or she can channel such entities — that is, write or speak in the voice of these entities rather than in the mediums... The English word spirit comes from the Latin spiritus (breath). // The English word spirit comes from the Latin spiritus, meaning breath (compare spiritus asper), but also soul, courage, vigor, ultimately from a PIE root *(s)peis- (to blow). In the Vulgate, the Latin word translates Greek (πνευμα), pneuma (Hebrew (רוח) ruah), as... // Paranormal is an umbrella term used to describe a wide variety of reported anomalous phenomena. ... For other uses, see Mind (disambiguation). ... Ilê Axé Iya Nassô Oká - Terreiro da Casa Branca Candomblé is an African religion practiced chiefly in Brazil but also in adjacent countries. ... Voodoo (Vodou, Vodoun, Vudu, or Vudun in Benin, Togo, southeastern Ghana, Burkina Faso, and Senegal; also Vodou in Haiti) is a name attributed to a traditionally uten West African spiritual system of faith and ritual practices. ... Kardecist Spiritism or Kardecism is a spiritualistic doctrine created in the 19th century by Allan Kardec. ... Umbanda is a religion that blends Catholicism, Kardecist Spiritualism, and Afro-Brazilian religions . ...

Contents

General

Channellers claim to have channelled ascended masters like Buddha, Jesus, or St. Germain; people who have died; angels; higher dimensional beings; and extra-terrestrials of a spiritual or more evolved nature. Channelling is a popular source of revealed teachings in some New Age groups. Well known channellers like Diandra (Salem), Esther Hicks (Abraham), Jane Roberts (Seth), Linda Dillon (13 masters and archangels), and Lee Carroll (Kryon) have volumes of teachings on angels, chakras, higher dimensions, future predictions, manifestation, meditation, non-judgment, now moment, past lives, and spirituality.[citation needed] To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Media:Example. ... This article is about Jesus of Nazareth. ... Count of St Germain by unknown artist The Count of St. ... New Age describes a broad movement characterized by alternative approaches to traditional Western culture. ... Esther Hicks is an inspirational speaker, and best-selling author. ... Photographs of Jane Roberts on the cover of her biography by Susan Watkins Jane Roberts (1929-1984) was an American author, poet and psychic. ... This article or section may contain original research or unverified claims. ... The Annunciation - the Angel Gabriel announces to Mary that she will bear Jesus (El Greco, 1575) An angel is an ethereal being found in many religions, whose duties are to assist and serve God. ... In Hinduism and its spiritual systems of yoga and in some related eastern cultures, as well as in some segments of the New Age movement, a chakra (from the Sanskrit word चक्र meaning wheel, circle) is thought to be an energy node in the human body. ... Higher dimension in mathematics refers to any number of dimensions greater than three. ... In parapsychology, precognition (from the Latin præ-, “prior to,” + cognitio, “a getting to know”) is a form of extra-sensory perception wherein a person perceives information about future places or events before they happen (as distinct from merely predicting them based on deductive reasoning and current knowledge). ... Manifestation refers to a concept of either recurring or transitive phenomena, as instances which become manifest or realised. ... For other senses of this word, see Meditation (disambiguation). ... Reincarnation, also called transmigration of souls, is the rebirth in another body (after physical death), of some critical part of a persons personality or spirit. ... Spirituality, in a narrow sense, concerns itself with matters of the spirit. ...


Criticisms

The late professor Marcello Truzzi, a sociologist formerly at Eastern Michigan University who co-founded the "Committee for Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal" and the "Center for Scientific Anomalies Research", preferred to maintain what he calls "constructive skepticism" until someone comes forward with channel information that is evidential.[citation needed] Marcello Truzzi (September 6, 1935-February 2, 2003) was a professor of sociology at Eastern Michigan University and director for the Center for Scientific Anomalies Research. ... Sociology (from Latin: socius, companion; and the suffix -ology, the study of, from Greek λόγος, lógos, knowledge) is an academic and applied discipline that studies society and human social interaction. ... Eastern Michigan University is a comprehensive, co-educational public university located in Ypsilanti, Michigan. ... An anomalous phenomenon is an observed event (phenomenon) which deviates from the standard or expected (anomaly). ... This article is about the psychological term. ...


Books and Channelled Texts, Entities and Mediums

Books and Channelled Texts

Several notable books describe the entering of a trance state to allow spirits to speak through the medium or channel (see séance). Some mediums use automatic writing or other methods to channel their entity. An altered state of consciousness is any state which is significantly different from a normative waking beta wave state. ... The soul, according to many religious and philosophical traditions, is the self-aware essence unique to a particular living being. ... Look up séance in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...


Single Volumes (alpha by title)

  • A Course In Miracles: Channelled text, allegedly from Jesus, channelled by Helen Schucman
  • A New Day Is Dawning: Channelled text, allegedly from Jesus, channelled by Diandra
  • An Elias Book, The Shift Compiled by David Tate from selected Elias sessions. Elias channelled by Mary Ennis
  • Ask and it is Given: Channelled text, allegedly from Abraham, channelled by Esther Hicks
  • Christ in You: by Anonymous
  • The Cosmic Tradition of Max and Alma Theon seems to be based in large part of Mme Theon's channelling ability
  • Oneness: Channelled text, allegedly from Oneness, channelled by Rasha
  • Revelations of Awareness: Channelled newsletter from Cosmic Awareness, a "force" interpreted/channelled through various people: Ralph Duby, Paul Shockley, Will Berlinghof, and others since 1972[1]
  • The Indigo Children: Channelled text
  • Invisible Inzi of Oz: supposedly channeled from L. Frank Baum through a ouija board by Virginia and Robert Wauchope in 1926
  • The Urantia Book: Channelled text, allegedly from a variety of Universal Spirits, channel is Anonymous
  • The Wind of Change: The first of four channelled books by writer/medium Julie Soskin
  • Toward the Light: Channelled text
  • The Book of the Law: Channelled by Aleister Crowley
  • Sunlight On Water: Channelled by Flo Aeveia Magadalena
  • The Orbs Messages: Channelled text from the Orbs & E.T.'s by Nedrra Lanakila

Second hardbound edition of A Course in Miracles, as published by Foundation for Inner Peace. ... This article is about Jesus of Nazareth. ... Dr. Helen Schucman, scribe of: A Course In Miracles Helen Schucman, Ph. ... This article is about Jesus of Nazareth. ... An angel prevents the sacrifice of Isaac. ... Esther Hicks is an inspirational speaker, and best-selling author. ... The Cosmic Tradition is a series of six volumes, and also a cosmological doctrine, authored by Max and Alma Theon around the turn of the 20th century. ... Max Theon (1848-1927) perhaps born Louis-Maximilian Bimstein, was a Polish Jewish Kabbalist and Occultist. ... Alma Theon (1843 - 1908) born Mary Chrystine Woodroffe Ware (or Miriam Lin Woodroffe) was an occultist and clairvoyant, and wife of and co-worker with Max Theon. ... Oneness (concept) is related to Enlightenment and is referring to the experience of oneness and nonduality. ... Indigo children are supposedly a set of children having certain special psychological attributes. ... Lyman Frank Baum (May 15, 1856 – May 6, 1919) was an American author, actor, and independent filmmaker best known as the creator, along with illustrator W. W. Denslow, of one of the most popular books ever written in American childrens literature, The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, better known today... A typical Ouija board Ouija (pronounced wee-juh or wee-jee) refers to the belief that one can receive messages during a séance by the use of a Ouija board (also called a talking board or spirit board) and planchette. ... The Earth is called Urantia in The Urantia Book. ... Michael Agerskov, 1870–1933 Johanne Agerskov, 1873–1946 The 1939 edition of Vandrer mod lyset! Michael Agerskovs copy of Vandrer mod Lyset!, given to him as a present from the blacksmith A. Andér, who later made a model of the universe, as described in Toward the Light! Johanne... Cover of The Book of the Law by Aleister Crowley (Weiser 2004 Centennial Edition) The Book of the Law is the central sacred text of Thelema, written (or received) by Aleister Crowley in Cairo, Egypt in the year 1904. ...

Multiple Volumes (alpha by author)

Ann Walker -- Entities: White Arrow, Aliens, Moses, The Virgin Mary, Isis, Horus, Albert Einstein and more
  • Heaven Can Come later
  • Little One - Message from Planet Heaven
  • The Stone Of The Plough
  • The Messenger - The Messiah(all 3 previous books plus extra information): All books relate the importance of saving the rain forests and why.

Joseph Benner - Entity: unspecified
  • Brotherhood: An Impersonal Message
  • The Impersonal Life
  • The Way Out - (3 volumes in one - The Way Beyond - Wealth - The Teacher)
  • The Way to the Kingdom

Singles from The Way Out Released: August 2005 Released: October 2005 The Way Out is the debut album by Australian rock band Drag released 10 July 2005. ...

Ralph Duby, Paul Shockley, Will Berlinghof, and others
  • See Revelations of Awareness above

Gary Renard - Entities: Arten and Pursah

Cover: 2004 edition. ... Gary Renard, author of The Disappearance of the Universe. ... Gary Renard, author of The Disappearance of the Universe. ...

Jane Roberts -- Entity: Seth
  • The Coming of Seth (1966): Jane Roberts describes the beginnings of her experiences with speaking for Seth.
  • The Seth Material (1971): Channelled by Jane Roberts
  • Seth Speaks (1972): Later sub-titled Seth Speaks: The Eternal Validity of the Soul
  • The Nature of Personal Reality (1974): Later subtitled Specific, Practical Techniques for Solving Everyday Problems and Enriching the Life You Know
  • The Magical Approach: Seth Speaks About the Art of Creative Living: Channelled by Jane Roberts
  • The Nature of the Psyche: Its Human Expression: Channelled by Jane Roberts
  • The Way Toward Health: A Seth Book: Channelled by Jane Roberts
  • The 'Unknown' Reality: A Seth Book in Two Parts (2 volumes): Channelled by Jane Roberts
  • The Individual and the Nature of Mass Events: Channelled by Jane Roberts
  • Dreams, 'Evolution', and Value Fulfillment (2 volumes): Channelled by Jane Roberts

Year 1966 (MCMLXVI) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the 1966 Gregorian calendar. ... Jane Roberts was an author, poet and psychic, wrote a number of books including The Education of Oversoul Seven and Adventures in Consciousness. ... Jane Roberts was an author, poet and psychic, wrote a number of books including The Education of Oversoul Seven and Adventures in Consciousness. ... Jane Roberts was an author, poet and psychic, wrote a number of books including The Education of Oversoul Seven and Adventures in Consciousness. ... Jane Roberts was an author, poet and psychic, wrote a number of books including The Education of Oversoul Seven and Adventures in Consciousness. ... Jane Roberts was an author, poet and psychic, wrote a number of books including The Education of Oversoul Seven and Adventures in Consciousness. ... Jane Roberts was an author, poet and psychic, wrote a number of books including The Education of Oversoul Seven and Adventures in Consciousness. ... Jane Roberts was an author, poet and psychic, wrote a number of books including The Education of Oversoul Seven and Adventures in Consciousness. ... Jane Roberts was an author, poet and psychic, wrote a number of books including The Education of Oversoul Seven and Adventures in Consciousness. ...

Pat Rodegast - Entity: Emmanuel
  • Emmanuel's Book: A Manual for Living Comfortably in the Cosmos: Channelled text, allegedly from Emmanuel. Channelled by Pat Rodegast.
  • Emmanuel's Book II: The Choice for Love: Channelled text, allegedly from Emmanuel. Channelled by Pat Rodegast.
  • Emmanuel's Book III: What Is an Angel Doing Here?: Channelled text, allegedly from Emmanuel. Channelled by Pat Rodegast.

Carla Rueckert - Entity: Ra
  • The Law of One channelled from Ra (not the Egyptian deity Ra, but claims to have been the unwitting inspiration for that Ra) by Carla Rueckert. Five books edited by Don Elkins, Rueckert, and James McCarty.

This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Carla Lisbeth Rueckert McCarty is an American writer, metaphysician, and channeller, and one-time independent filmmaker and actor. ... Donald Tully Elkins, nicknamed Lieutenant Phineas T. Pinkham (February 27, 1930-November 7, 1984), was an American engineer, professor, ufologist, independent filmmaker, pilot and metaphysician. ...

James E Padgett - Jesus and the Celestials
  • The True Gospel Revealed Anew Channelled text, many spirts describe the spirit world, Jesus on "Who and What is God" souls progression. 2 volumes (Vol. I & II in public domain) http://www.thepadgettmessages.net

Neale Donald Walsch - Entity: God

Conversations with God (sometimes abbreviated as CwG) is a sequence of nine books written by Neale Donald Walsch. ... This article discusses the term God in the context of monotheism and henotheism. ... Neale Donald Walsch Neale Donald Walsch is an American novelist and author of the series Conversations with God. ... This article discusses the term God in the context of monotheism and henotheism. ... Neale Donald Walsch Neale Donald Walsch is an American novelist and author of the series Conversations with God. ... This article discusses the term God in the context of monotheism and henotheism. ... Neale Donald Walsch Neale Donald Walsch is an American novelist and author of the series Conversations with God. ... This article discusses the term God in the context of monotheism and henotheism. ... Neale Donald Walsch Neale Donald Walsch is an American novelist and author of the series Conversations with God. ... This article discusses the term God in the context of monotheism and henotheism. ... Neale Donald Walsch Neale Donald Walsch is an American novelist and author of the series Conversations with God. ... This article discusses the term God in the context of monotheism and henotheism. ... Neale Donald Walsch Neale Donald Walsch is an American novelist and author of the series Conversations with God. ... This article discusses the term God in the context of monotheism and henotheism. ... Neale Donald Walsch Neale Donald Walsch is an American novelist and author of the series Conversations with God. ...

Chelsea Quinn Yarbro - Entity: Michael
  • The Michael Teachings
  • Messages from Michael: from Michael, channelled by Chelsea Quinn Yarbro
  • Messages from Michael on the nature of the evolution of the human soul -- Chelsea Quinn Yarbro. (1979) ISBN 0-872235-26-2
  • More Messages from Michael -- Chelsea Quinn Yarbro. (March 1986) ISBN 0-425-08662-3
  • Michael for the Millennium -- Chelsea Quinn Yarbro. ISBN 0-425-15074-7
  • Michael's People -- Chelsea Quinn Yarbro. (July 1988) ISBN 0-425-10932-1

The Michael Teachings are a body of spiritual information, generally classed among New Age systems of thought, which proponents claim was accumulated through mediumistic channeling. ... Chelsea Quinn Yarbo is one of only two women ever to be named as Grand Master of the World Horror Convention (2003). ...

How To Channel
  • Opening to Channel: How to Connect with your Guide (1987), by Sanaya Roman and Duane Packer, describes how to channel a spirit guide.

Year 1987 (MCMLXXXVII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link displays 1987 Gregorian calendar). ...

Entities and Mediums

  • Abraham group of entity, channelled by Esther Hicks
  • BapDada (combined form of "God" and Lekhraj Kirpalani), channelled by BK Gulzar BKWSU
  • Bartholomew entity, channelled by Mary Margaret Moore.
  • Bashar entity, channelled by Daryll Anka
  • Carlos entity, channeled by José Alvarez beginning in 1988 in Australia. Soon revealed to be a hoax orchestrated by Alvarez and skeptic/magician James Randi, in collaboration with an Australian newsmagazine show.
  • Cassiopaeans entity, channelled by Arkadiusz Jadczyk and Laura Knight-Jadczyk
  • Cosmic Awareness, channelled through various people: Ralph Duby, Paul Shockley, Will Berlinghof, and others since 1972[1]
  • Dr. Williams entity, deep-trance channelled by, Bart Smit
  • Eikon Reflections of A Spirit Guide (dislikes the term "entity", preferring 'Spirit Guide' or something more "user-friendly")
  • Elias entity, channelled by Mary Ennis often considered a follow-on to Seth Jane Roberts
  • Francine, Spirit Guide, chanelled by Sylvia Browne.
  • Jota, channelled entity
  • The Herald group consciousness, deep-trance channelled by, Sheila M. Street
  • Jesus channelled by James E Padgett
  • Kris entity, channelled by Serge J. Grandbois
  • Kryon: Channelled entity
  • Lazaris entity, channelled by Jach Pursel
  • Matthew Ward: Channelled entity
  • Michael - The Michael Teachings channelled by Chelsea Quinn Yarbro.
  • Multiple/Various psychic surgeons, such as José Arigó, claim to work as channels for deceased surgeons.
  • Oahspe: Channelled entity
  • Oth entity, channelled by Ellen Rauh
  • Pleiadeans entity, channelled by Barbara Marciniak
  • Ra entity, channelled by Carla Rueckert
  • Ramtha: Ascended Master, channelled by JZ Knight, Ramtha claims to have coined the term channelling in the late 70's.
  • Salem entity, channelled by Diandra
  • Seth entity, channelled by Jane Roberts
  • Shiva Baba said to be "God"/Supreme Soul, channelled by Lekhraj Kirpalani BKWSU
  • SOTU - Soul of the Universe Energy of movement and growth, channeled by Josh Schwartzbach
  • The Orbs & E.T.'s Spiritual awakening, enlightenment and self-healing as channelled by Nedrra & Daerick Lanakila
  • The Wonders collective consciousness, claim to be from 29th dimension of reality where all of reality is made of 32 dimensions. Largest collection of online channeled material channeled exclusively through Réné Gaudette
  • Tobias channelled by Geoffrey Hoppe.
  • John Zebedee entity, channelled by Gerry Bowman.
  • Zoleen, a counsel channelled by the Raphaels

Esther Hicks is an inspirational speaker, and best-selling author. ... The Brahma Kumaris World Spiritual Organisation, also known as the Brahma Kumaris World Spiritual Organization, Brahma Kumaris World Spiritual University (BKWSU), or Prajapita Brahma Kumaris Ishwariya Vishwa Vidyalaya. Teachers of a form of meditation, or spirit channeling, called Raja Yoga [not to be confused with classical Patanjalis Raja Yoga... James Randi (born August 7, 1928), stage name The Amazing Randi, is a stage magician and scientific skeptic best known as a challenger of paranormal claims and pseudoscience. ... The Prophet Elias, by Daniele da Volterra Elias is the latinised version of the Greek name Ηλια(ς), pronounced e-lee-a(s) in Greek and English e-lie-us. ... Jane Roberts was an author, poet and psychic, wrote a number of books including The Education of Oversoul Seven and Adventures in Consciousness. ... Sylvia Browne (born October 19, 1936) is a bestselling American author on the subject of spirituality who is known as a psychic and medium. ... This article is about Jesus of Nazareth. ... This article or section may contain original research or unverified claims. ... Matthew Ward is the son of Suzanne Ward. ... The Michael Teachings are a body of spiritual information, generally classed among New Age systems of thought, which proponents claim was accumulated through mediumistic channeling. ... Chelsea Quinn Yarbo is one of only two women ever to be named as Grand Master of the World Horror Convention (2003). ... Psychic surgery is a form of medical fraud, in which the fraudster purports to be performing a paranormal surgical procedure. ... José (Zé) Arigó, born José Pedro de Freitas (18 October 1921 - 1 November 1971) was a Brazilian psychic surgeon. ... Oahspe is a book announcing new revelations from God, which was produced by John Ballou Newbrough (1828-1891) by automatic writing, and which was first published by Newbrough in 1882. ... Óðr is the husband of Freyja in Norse mythology. ... In Ufology, Pleiadeans (also spelled Pleiadian or Plejaran) is the name given to what are said to be a group of extraterrestrials and multidimensional spirit beings from the Pleiades star cluster in the constellation of Taurus), approximately 400 light years from planet Earth. ... Carla Lisbeth Rueckert McCarty is an American writer, metaphysician, and channeller, and one-time independent filmmaker and actor. ... Ramtha is an entity that JZ Knight, an American self-claimed spiritual medium claims to channel. ... Judy Z. Knight (born Judith Darlene Hampton on March 16, 1946, in Roswell, New Mexico) is a self-proclaimed spiritual medium as well as the CEO of JZK, Inc. ... Ramtha is an entity that JZ Knight, an American self-claimed spiritual medium claims to channel. ... According to Websters Dictionary: the practice of professedly entering a meditative or trancelike state in order to convey messages from a spiritual guide. ... Jane Roberts was an author, poet and psychic, wrote a number of books including The Education of Oversoul Seven and Adventures in Consciousness. ... Jane Roberts was an author, poet and psychic, wrote a number of books including The Education of Oversoul Seven and Adventures in Consciousness. ... The Brahma Kumaris World Spiritual Organisation, also known as the Brahma Kumaris World Spiritual Organization, Brahma Kumaris World Spiritual University (BKWSU), or Prajapita Brahma Kumaris Ishwariya Vishwa Vidyalaya. Teachers of a form of meditation, or spirit channeling, called Raja Yoga [not to be confused with classical Patanjalis Raja Yoga...

Channelling in fiction

In fantasy literature, the term channelling is sometimes used in other ways, particularly to describe a person's ability to draw on some form of magical power. The Wheel of Time series, for example, uses the term extensively (although it is by no means the only work to do so). Channelling is mentioned in Tom Robbins's Book "Skinny Legs and All". For other uses, see Fantasy (disambiguation). ... Old book bindings at the Merton College library. ... The Sorceress by John William Waterhouse Magic and sorcery are the influencing of events, objects, people and physical phenomena by mystical, paranormal or supernatural means. ... This article is about a fantasy series. ... Tom Robbins at a reading of Wild Ducks Flying Backward in San Francisco on September 24, 2005 Thomas Eugene Robbins (born July 22, 1936 in Blowing Rock, North Carolina) is an American author. ...


See also

Rosemary Brown (1916 - November 16, 2001) was a spirit medium who claimed that dead composers dictated new musical works to her. ... “Liszt” redirects here. ... By 1853, when the popular song Spirit Rappings was published, Spiritualism was the object of intense curiosity. ... In spirituality, a medium or spirit medium (plural mediums) is an individual who claims the ability to receive messages from spirits, ghosts, or other discorporate entities, or claims that he or she can channel such entities -- that is, write or speak in the voice of these entities rather than in... Spiritual possession is a concept of supernatural and/or superstitious belief systems whereby gods, daemons, demons, animas, or other disincarnate entities may temporarily take control of a human body, resulting in noticeable changes in behaviour. ... For the article about the album by Ataxia, see Automatic Writing (album). ... Automatic drawing (distinguished from drawn expression of mediums) was developed by the surrealists, as a means of expressing the subconscious. ... Phrenology is regarded today as a classic example of pseudoscience. ... A hoax is an attempt to trick an audience into believing that something false is real. ... A delusion is commonly defined as a fixed false belief and is used in everyday language to describe a belief that is either false, fanciful or derived from deception. ... True-believer syndrome is a term coined by M. Lamar Keene in his 1976 book The Psychic Mafia referring to an irrational belief in paranormal events, even after direct confession or evidence that the events were fraudulently staged. ...

References

  • Klimo, John (1987). Channeling: Investigations on Receiving Information from Paranormal Sources. St. Martins Press. ISBN 0-87477-431-4.
  1. ^ a b Cosmic Awareness Communications: What is Cosmic Awareness?

External links

-->*[1]



 

COMMENTARY     


Share your thoughts, questions and commentary here
Your name
Your comments
Please enter the 5-letter protection code

Want to know more?
Search encyclopedia, statistics and forums:

 


Lesson Plans | Student Area | Student FAQ | Reviews | Press Releases |  Feeds | Contact
The Wikipedia article included on this page is licensed under the GFDL.
Images may be subject to relevant owners' copyright.
All other elements are (c) copyright NationMaster.com 2003-5. All Rights Reserved.
Usage implies agreement with terms.