Chapultepec (Chapoltepēc = "at the grasshopper hill" in the Nahuatl language) is a large hill on the outskirts of central Mexico City with much significance in Mexican history. In modern Mexico City Chapultepec Park, consisting of the hill and surrounding land of 1,600 acres (6 km²), has many attractions. Nahuatl is a term applied to some members of the Aztecan or Nahuan sub-branch of the Uto-Aztecan language family. ... Mexico City (Spanish: Ciudad de México) is the name of a megacity located in the Valley of Mexico (Valle de México), a large valley in the high plateaus (altiplano) at the center of Mexico, about 2,240 metres (7,349 feet) above sea-level, surrounded on most sides... // Pre-Columbian Mexico Hunter-Gatherer peoples are thought to have inhabited Mexico more than 20,000 years ago. ...

History

Chapultepec Castle and the Monument to the Heroic Cadets

Ritual and domestic objects including funerary urns in the Teotihuacan style from about the 4th century have been discovered by archeologists on Chapultepec. Chapultepec Park, Mexico City. ... Chapultepec Park, Mexico City. ... Teotihuacan is the largest Pre-Columbian archeological site in the Americas. ... (3rd century - 4th century - 5th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 4th century was that century which lasted from 301 to 400. ...

The last Emperor of the Toltecs, Huemac was said to have spent his last days in a cave at Chapultepec after the fall of Tula. The Toltecs (or Toltec or Tolteca) were a Pre-Columbian Native American people who dominated much of central Mexico between the 10th and 12th century AD. Their language, Nahuatl, was also spoken by the Aztecs. ... Huemac (11th century?) was the last king of the Toltec before the fall of Tula/Tollan. ... Tula is a town of about 10,000 in Hidalgo State, central Mexico, some 57 miles to the north north-west of Mexico City. ...

In the days when Tenochtitlán was the island capital of the Aztecs, the city was linked to Chapultepec by a causeway and the hill was a retreat for the Emperors. A sculpture of Moctezuma I can still be seen (in unfortunately damaged condition) carved into the rock of Chapultepec, not far from Huemac's cave. Plan of Tenochtitlan (Dr Atl) Mexico City statue commemorating the foundation of Tenochtitlan Tenochtitlan (pronounced ) or, alternatively, Mexico-Tenochtitlan, was the capital of the Aztec empire, which was built on an island in Lake Texcoco in what is now central Mexico. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... The first great leader of the Aztecs, Moctezuma Ilhuicamina, or Moctezuma I (the surname meaning solitary one who shoots an arrow into the sky) was born from a noble named Huitzilihuitl. ...

During the Spanish colonial era, the Viceroys of New Spain had their palace atop Chapultepec, demolishing Pre-Columbian structures in the process. A larger Viceregal castle was constructed on the spot in 1784. For the butterfly, see viceroy butterfly. ... Flag of New Spain New Spain (Spanish: Nueva España) was the name given to viceroy-ruled colonial territories of the Spanish Empire from 1525 to 1821. ... The term Pre-Columbian is used to refer to the cultures of the New World in the era before significant European influence. ... 1784 was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ...

After Mexico won its independence, the old viceregal palace was turned into a military academy in 1833. During the Mexican American War a group of young teenaged cadets fought to their deaths against the invading United States Army here; they are today remembered as Mexico's Niños Héroes – the "Boy Heroes" or "Heroic Cadets (see: Battle of Chapultepec). 1833 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... The Mexican-American War was a war fought between the United States and Mexico between 1846 and 1848. ... US Army Seal The Army is the branch of the United States armed forces which has primary responsibility for land-based military operations. ... Los Niños Héroes (the Boy Heroes or Heroic Cadets) were six teenage military cadets who died defending Mexico Citys Chapultepec Castle (then serving as the Mexican armys military academy) from invading U.S. forces in the 13 September 1847 Battle of Chapultepec. ... Battle of Chapultepec Conflict Mexican-American War Date September 12-13, 1847 Place Mexico City, D.F. Result U.S. victory The Battle of Chapultepec took place in September 1847 during the Mexican-American War, at Chapultepec Castle on Chapultepec Hill, on the outskirts of Mexico City. ...

When Napoleon III launched the French intervention in Mexico and imposed a monarchy in the 1860s, Emperor Maximilian of Mexico and Empress Carlota of Mexico set up their residence in the existing Castillo de Chapultepec atop Chapultepec Hill, expanding the Spanish colonial structure. Charles Louis Napoléon Bonaparte (April 20, 1808 - January 9, 1873) was the son of King Louis Bonaparte and Queen Hortense de Beauharnais; both monarchs of the French puppet state, the Kingdom of Holland. ... The presidential terms of Benito Juárez (1858-71) were interrupted by the Habsburg monarchys rule of Mexico (1864-67). ... Events and trends Italian unification under King Victor Emmanuel II. Wars for expansion and national unity continue until the incorporation of the Papal States (March 17, 1861 - September 20, 1870). ... Maximilian I, Emperor of Mexico, (July 6, 1832 - June 19, 1867) was a member of Austrias Imperial Habsburg family. ... Carlota of Mexico (also spelled Carlotta; sometimes rendered as Charlotte) (June 7, 1840 – January 19, 1927) was the wife of regime largely dependent on French troops under the orders of Napoleon III. The only daughter of Leopold I, King of the Belgians (1790–1865) by his second wife, Louise d...

Chapultepec Park Today

Looking along Reforma from Chapultepec Castle

The hill of Chapultepec and surrounding land are now Chapultepec Park, a popular spot both for locals and tourists. Chapultepec is at one end of Paseo de la Reforma. Download high resolution version (480x640, 55 KB)View along Paseo de la Reforma from Chapultepec Castle. ... Download high resolution version (480x640, 55 KB)View along Paseo de la Reforma from Chapultepec Castle. ... Paseo de la Reforma (Reform Avenue) is a 12 km long grand avenue in Mexico City. ...

The park covers 1,600 acres (6 km²) of land, centuries old forest, several small lakes, and landscaped areas with out-door cafes. Chapultepec Zoo is located here, as well as an amusement park. Six Flags New England, an amusement park in Springfield, Massachusetts. ...

Chapultepec Castle atop the hill is the National Museum of History. The park also includes 6 other museums, including a museum of modern art and the large National Museum of Anthropology and History with perhaps the world's finest collection of Pre-Columbian Mesoamerican art and artifacts. For the psychedelic rock band, see The Modern Art. ... The term Pre-Columbian is used to refer to the cultures of the New World in the era before significant European influence. ... Mesoamerica is the region extending from central Mexico south to the northwestern border of Costa Rica that gave rise to a group of stratified, culturally related agrarian civilizations spanning an approximately 3,000-year period before the African discovery of the New World by Columbus. ... Resources ArtLex. ... An artifact (also artefact) is a term coined by Sir Julian Huxley meaning any object or process resulting from human activity. ...

See also

• Chapultepec Peace Accords

The Chapultepec Peace Accords was a treaty which brought peace to El Salvador in 1992 after more than a decade of wrenching civil war. ...

External link

• [1] Page with several articles from the Arqueología Mexicana journal about Chapultepec. In Spanish