A charged particle beam is a spatially localized group of electrically charged particles that have approximately the same velocity (speed and direction). The kinetic energies of the particles are typically measured in keV or MeV, much larger than the energies of particles at ambient temperature. The high energy and directionality of charged particle beams make them useful for applications. ‹ The template below has been proposed for deletion. ... A particle is Look up Particle in Wiktionary, the free dictionary In particle physics, a basic unit of matter or energy. ... This article is about velocity in physics. ... Kinetic energy is energy that a body possesses as a result of its motion. ... keV is an abbreviation of kiloelectronVolt ... An electronvolt (symbol: eV) is the amount of energy gained by a single unbound electron when it falls through an electrostatic potential difference of one volt. ... Room temperature, in laboratory reports, is taken to be roughly 21–23 degrees Celsius (68–72 degrees Fahrenheit), or 294–296 kelvins. ...

For practical purposes, a charged particle beam is characterized by:

• the species of particle, e.g. electrons, alpha particles, or hydrogen ions
• the energy of the particles, typically expressed in kiloelectronvolts or megaelectronvolts,
• the particle current, expressed in amperes,
• the beam diameter, and
• the emittance, a measure of the degree to which the particle trajectories are non-laminar.

These parameters can be expressed in various ways. For example, the current and beam size can be combined into the current density, and the current and velocity can be combined into the perveance K = I V ^-3/2. Properties The electron (also called negatron, commonly represented as e−) is a subatomic particle. ... An alpha particle is deflected by a magnetic field Alpha particles (named after the first letter in the Greek alphabet, α) are a highly ionizing form of particle radiation which have low penetration. ... Hydronium is the common name for the cation H3O+. Nomenclature According to IUPAC ion nomenclature, it should be referred to as oxonium. ... A particle is Look up Particle in Wiktionary, the free dictionary In particle physics, a basic unit of matter or energy. ... keV is an abbreviation of kiloelectronVolt ... An electronvolt (symbol: eV) is the amount of energy gained by a single unbound electron when it falls through an electrostatic potential difference of one volt. ... In electricity, current refers to electric current, which is the flow of electric charge. ... The ampere (symbol: A) is the SI base unit of electric current equal to one coulomb per second. ...

The (technologically) most important types of charged particle beams are:

• electron beams, consisting of electrons.
• ion beams, consisting of ions.

Properties The electron is a fundamental subatomic particle that carries a negative electric charge. ... An ion beam is a stream of charged particles, which has many uses in electronics manufacturing (principally ion implantation) and other industries. ... // An ion is an atom or group of atoms with a net electric charge. ...

See also

• Electron beam technology
• Electron gun