Charles Émile Picard (July 24, 1856 - December 11, 1941) was a leading French mathematician. (He is usually referred to simply as Émile Picard.) July 24 is the 205th day (206th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 160 days remaining. ... 1856 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... December 11 is the 345th day (346th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1941 was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... A mathematician is a person whose area of study and research is mathematics. ...

Picard's mathematical papers, textbooks, and many popular writings exhibit an extraordinary range of interests, as well as an impressive mastery of the mathematics of his time. Modern students of complex variables are probably familiar with his theorem stating that every nonconstant entire function takes every value infinitely often, with perhaps one exception. He also made important contributions in the theory of differential equations, including work on Painlevé transcendents and his introduction of a kind of symmetry group for a linear differential equation, the Picard group. In connection with his work on function theory, he was one of the first mathematicians to use the emerging ideas of algebraic topology. In addition to his path-breaking theoretical work, Picard also made important contributions to applied mathematics, including the theories of telegraphy and elasticity. His collected papers run to four volumes. In complex analysis, an entire function is a function that is holomorphic everywhere on the whole complex plane. ... In mathematics, a differential equation is an equation in which the derivatives of a function appear as variables. ... Algebraic topology is a branch of mathematics in which tools from abstract algebra are used to study topological spaces. ... Applied mathematics provides the interface between the fundamental mathematical structures and their use in the physical and social sciences. ...

Like his contemporary, Henri Poincare, Picard was much concerned with the training of mathematics, physics, and engineering students. He wrote a classic textbook on analysis-- which is still considered a standard reference-- as well as one of the first textbooks on the theory of relativity. Picard's popular writings include biographies of many leading French mathematicians, including his father in law, Charles Hermite. Henri Poincaré, photograph from the frontispiece of the 1913 edition of Last Thoughts Jules Henri Poincaré (April 29, 1854 – July 17, 1912) was one of Frances greatest mathematicians, theoretical scientists and a philosopher of science. ... An analysis is a critical evaluation, usually made by breaking a subject (either material or intellectual) down into its constituent parts, then describing the parts and their relationship to the whole. ... Albert Einsteins theory of relativity is a set of two theories in physics: special relativity and general relativity. ... Charles Hermite (pronounced air meet) (December 24, 1822 - January 14, 1901) was a French mathematician who did research on number theory, quadratic forms, invariant theory, orthogonal polynomials, elliptic functions, and algebra. ...

See also:

• Picard theorem
• Picard variety
• Picard functor
• Picard-Lefschetz formula
• Picard-Lindelöf theorem
• Painlevé transcendent

In complex analysis, mathematician Charles Emile Picards name is given to two theorems regarding the range of an analytic function. ... In mathematics, the Picard-Lindelöf theorem on existence and uniqueness of solutions of differential equations ( Picard 1890, Lindelöf 1894) states that an initial value problem has exactly one solution if f is Lipschitz continuous in , continuous in as long as stays bounded. ...

References

• "Charles Emile Picard (http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Mathematicians/Picard_Emile.html)." MacTutor Archive. Accessed on June 12, 2005.

• Picard, Emile (1978-1981). Oeuvres de Ch.-E. Picard. Paris : Centre national de la recherche scientifique. LLCN 78400599. Four volumes

• Picard, Emile (1931). Éloges et discours académiques. Paris: ??. Grsn 00559083.

• Picard, Emile (1922). Discours et mélanges. Paris: Gauthier-Villars. LCCN 23002623.

• Picard, Emile (1922). La théorie de la relativité et ses applications à l'astronomie. Paris: Gauthier-Villars. Grsn 00571095.

• Picard, Emile (1909). La science moderne et son état actuel. Paris: E. Flammarion. LCCN 07010259.

• Picard, Emile (1891--1896). Traité d'Analyse. Paris: Gauthier-Villars et fils. Grsn 00560562. Three volumes