Charles Auguste Louis Joseph Demorny/de Morny, 1st Duc de Morny

Charles Auguste Louis Joseph Demorny/de Morny, 1st Duc de Morny (September 15-16 1811 in Switzerland – March 10, 1865 in Paris) was a French statesman. He was the natural son of Hortense de Beauharnais (wife of Louis Bonaparte, and queen of Holland) and Charles Joseph, comte de Flahaut, and therefore half-brother of Emperor Napoleon III. For other uses, see September (disambiguation). ... For the US Federal Agent designation, see Special agent. ... is the 69th day of the year (70th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1865 (MDCCLXV) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... This article is about the capital of France. ... Statesman is a respectful term used to refer to politicians, and other notable figures of state. ... Hortense de Beauharnais depicted in Queen Hortense - A Life Picture of the Napoleonic Era, 1910 Hortense de Beauharnais, Queen of Holland, Grand Duchess of Berg and Cleves, Countess of Saint-Leu (April 10, 1783 - October 5, 1837), was the wife of Louis Bonaparte, King of Holland and the mother of... Louis I Napoleon Bonaparte, King of Holland, Grand Duke of Berg and Cleves, Count of Saint-Leu (Lodewijk Napoleon in Dutch) (September 2, 1778 – July 25, 1846) was the fifth surviving child and fourth surviving son of Carlo Buonaparte and Letizia Ramolino. ... The Kingdom of Holland 1806 - 1810 (Koninkrijk Holland in Dutch, Royaume dHollande in French) was set up by Napoleon Bonaparte as a puppet kingdom for his third brother, Louis Bonaparte, in order to better control the Netherlands. ... Auguste Charles Joseph, comte de Flahaut de La Billardierie (1785-1870), French general and statesman, son of Alexandre Sebastien de Flahaut de la Billarderie, comte de Flahaut, beheaded at Arras in February 1793, and his wife Adélaïde Filleul, afterwards Mme de Souza, was born in Paris on the... Charles Louis Napoléon Bonaparte (April 20, 1808 - January 9, 1873) was the son of King Louis Bonaparte and Queen Hortense de Beauharnais; both monarchs of the French puppet state, the Kingdom of Holland. ...

Biography

He was born in Switzerland,^[1] and his birth was duly registered in a misleading certificate which made him the legitimate son of Auguste Jean Hyacinthe Demorny, described as a landowner of St. Domingo. M. Demorny was in fact an officer in the Prussian army and a native of St. Domingo, though he owned no land there or elsewhere. Santo Domingo, population 2,061,200 (2003), is the capital of the Dominican Republic. ...

After a brilliant school and college career he received a commission in the army, and next year entered the staff college. The comte de Morny, as he was called by a polite fiction, served in Algeria in 1834-35 as aide-de-camp to General Camille Alphonse Trezel, whose life he saved under the walls of Constantine. Position of Constantine in Algeria. ...

When he returned to Paris in 1838 he secured a solid position in the business world by the establishment of a major beet-sugar industry at Clermont in the Auvergne, and by writing a pamphlet Sur la question des sucres in 1838. In these and other lucrative speculations he was helped by the beautiful and wealthy wife of the Belgian ambassador, Charles Aimé Joseph Le Hon, Comte Le Hon (Belgium, January 10, 1792 - Tournai, April 30, 1868), Françoise Mosselman (Paris, May 28, 1808 - Paris, March 2, 1880) until there were few great commercial enterprises in Paris in which he did not have an interest. Two sugar beets - the one on the left has been cultivated to be smoother than the traditional beet, so that it traps less soil. ... Auvergne coat of arms Auvergne (Occitan: Auvèrnhe/Auvèrnha) was the name of an historically independent county in the center of France, as well as later a province of France. ... For other uses, see Ambassador (disambiguation). ... is the 10th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1792 was a leap year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Tournai (in Dutch: Doornik in Latin: Tornacum) is a municipality located 85 kilometres southwest of Brussels, on the river Scheldt (in French: Escaut, in Dutch: Schelde), in the Belgian province of Hainaut. ... is the 120th day of the year (121st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1868 (MDCCCLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Monday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... This article is about the capital of France. ... is the 148th day of the year (149th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1808 (MDCCCVIII) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Wednesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... This article is about the capital of France. ... -1... Year 1880 (MDCCCLXXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ...

Françoise Mosselman, of Belgian origin but born in France, was daughter of François Dominique Mosselman (1754 - 1830) and wife Marie-Louise Tacque, and sister of Louise Mosselman, married to Denis Sauvage, both born in 1800 (great-great-grandparents of Anne-Aymone Giscard d'Estaing), Jeanne Mosselman, married to Henri Fontenilliat (1793 - 1864), maternal grandparents of Jean Casimir-Perier, François Alfred Mosselman (Paris, 1810 - 1867), married to Claire Gazzani (1814 - 1856), and Flore Mosselman (1800 - 1834), married in 1823 to her cousin as his first wife Théodore Mosselman du Chenoy (Brussels, November 20, 1804 - May 27, 1876), by whom she had issue, two children who died in teenagehood: Jules (1824 - 1839) and Léon-Marie (1825 - 1843). Although she had two children from her marriage - Eugène Le Hon, born in 1827, and Louis Xavier Léopold Alfred Le Hon, born in 1832 and married to Amélie de Sangro de Gensano - a third child Louise Le Hon (Paris, July 15, 1838 - Paris, February 9, 1931) was her daughter by de Morny. She married in Paris on June 11, 1856 Stanislaus August Friedrich Joseph Telemach Luci, later Poniatowski, 3rd Fürst Poniatowski, 3rd Principe di Monte Rotondo (Florence, November 9, 1835-Paris, January 6, 1908), by whom she had issue. 1754 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Liberty Leading the People by Eugène Delacroix commemorates the July Revolution 1830 (MDCCCXXX) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... // ON MAY 5 1853 MR.FADER HAD SEX WITH A MAN NAME MR WIEN THEN THEY HAD SON NAMEDMRS COTURE AND MR MANOOGIAN WENT INTO MRS HASKELLS OFFICE NAKED AND DANCED AROUND AND MASTERBATED ON HER CHEST AND SHE LICKED IT OFF THEN THEY HAD ORAL SEEX WITH NAPLOEAN OF... Anne-Aymone Marie Josèphe Christiane Sauvage de Brantès (b. ... Year 1793 (MDCCXCIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ... 1864 (MDCCCLXIV) was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a leap year starting on Sunday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ... Jean Paul Pierre Casimir-Perier (8 November 1847 - 11 March 1907) was a French politician, fifth president of the French Third Republic. ... This article is about the capital of France. ... 1810 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Year 1867 (MDCCCLXVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Year 1814 (MDCCCXIV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... 1856 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... // ON MAY 5 1853 MR.FADER HAD SEX WITH A MAN NAME MR WIEN THEN THEY HAD SON NAMEDMRS COTURE AND MR MANOOGIAN WENT INTO MRS HASKELLS OFFICE NAKED AND DANCED AROUND AND MASTERBATED ON HER CHEST AND SHE LICKED IT OFF THEN THEY HAD ORAL SEEX WITH NAPLOEAN OF... Year 1834 (MDCCCXXXIV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... 1823 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... This article is about the settlement itself. ... is the 324th day of the year (325th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1804 was a leap year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... is the 147th day of the year (148th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1876 (MDCCCLXXVI) // January 31 - United States orders all Indigenous peoples in the United States to move onto reservations February 2 - The National League of Professional Baseball Clubs of Major League Baseball is formed. ... 1824 was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1839 (MDCCCXXXIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Year 1825 (MDCCCXXV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Year 1843 (MDCCCXLIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a common year starting on Friday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Year 1827 (MDCCCXXVII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Year 1832 (MDCCCXXXII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Friday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... This article is about the capital of France. ... is the 196th day of the year (197th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... | Jöns Jakob Berzelius, discoverer of protein 1838 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... This article is about the capital of France. ... is the 40th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1931 (MCMXXXI) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1931 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the capital of France. ... is the 162nd day of the year (163rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1856 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... For other people with the name of StanisÅ‚aw Poniatowski, see StanisÅ‚aw Poniatowski. ... Florence (or Firenze, Florentia and Fiorenza) is the capital city of the Italian region of Tuscany, and of the province of Florence. ... is the 313th day of the year (314th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... | Come and take it, slogan of the Texas Revolution 1835 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... This article is about the capital of France. ... is the 6th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1908 (MCMVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ...

Although he sat as deputy for Clermont-Ferrand from 1842 onwards he took at first no important part in party politics, but he was heard with respect on industrial and financial questions. He supported the government of Louis Philippe, because revolution threatened his commercial interests, but before the catastrophe of 1848, by which he was temporarily ruined, he meditated conversion to the legitimist cause represented by the comte de Chambord. His attitude was expressed by the mot with which he is said to have replied to a lady who asked what he would do if the Chamber were "swept out." "Range myself on the side of the broom handle," was his answer. Presently he was admitted to the intimate circle of Louis Napoleon, and he helped to engineer the coup d'état of December 2, 1851 on the morrow of which he received the ministry of the interior. Clermont-Ferrand is a city of France, in the Auvergne region, with a population of approximately 140,000. ... Louis-Philippe I, King of the French (October 6, 1773 – August 26, 1850) was King of the French from 1830 to 1848 in what was known as the July Monarchy. ... Coup redirects here. ... is the 336th day of the year (337th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1851 (MDCCCLI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... The entrance to the Ministry in Place Beauvau is guarded by one gendarme (to the left) and one policewoman (to the right). ...

After six months of office, during which he had shown commendable moderation and tact to his political opponents, he resigned his portfolio, ostensibly because he disapproved of the confiscation of the Orleans property but really because Napoleon, influenced by Morny's rivals, resented his claim to a foremost place in the government as a member of the Bonaparte family. He then resumed his financial speculations, and when in 1854 he became president of the Corps Législatif, a position which he filled with consummate dignity and tact for the rest of his life, he used his official rank to assist his schemes.

Politics and high finance went hand in hand with Morny. In 1856, he was sent as special envoy to the coronation of Alexander II of Russia and brought home a wife, whom he married at St. Petersburg on January 7, 1857, Princess Sofia Sergeyevna Trubetskaya (Moscow, March 25, 1836 - Paris, August 8, 1896), only daughter of Prince Sergey Vasilyevich Trubetskoy (1814 - May 12 (April 30 Old Style), 1859), and wife Ekaterina Petrovna Mussina-Pushkina (February 1, 1816 - c. 1897), who by her connexions greatly strengthened his social position; Sophie was legally daughter of Prince Sergey Vasilyevich Trubetskoy, but may have been illegitimate daughter of Nicholas I of Russia. In 1862, Morny was created a Duke. It is said that he aspired to the throne of Mexico, and that the French expedition sent to place Maximilian on the throne was prompted by Napoleon's desire to thwart this ambition. Alexander (Aleksandr) II Nikolaevich (Russian: Александр II Николаевич) (Moscow, 29 April 1818 – 13 March 1881 in St. ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... is the 7th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1857 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... For other uses, see Moscow (disambiguation). ... is the 84th day of the year (85th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1836 (MDCCCXXXVI) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Wednesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... This article is about the capital of France. ... is the 220th day of the year (221st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1896 (MDCCCXCVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display calendar). ... Year 1814 (MDCCCXIV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... is the 132nd day of the year (133rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 120th day of the year (121st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Old Style can refer to: Old Style and New Style dates, a shift from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar: in Britain in 1752, in Russia in 1918. ... Year 1859 (MDCCCLIX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... is the 32nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1816 (MDCCCXVI) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Saturday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... 1897 (MDCCCXCVII) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Nicholas I (Russian: Николай I Павлович, Nikolaj I Pavlovič), July 6 (June 25, Old Style), 1796 – March 2 (18 February Old Style), 1855), was the Emperor of Russia from 1825 until 1855, known as one of the most reactionary of the Russian monarchs. ... This article is about 1862 . ... Maximilian I, Emperor of Mexico, (July 6, 1832 _ June 19, 1867) was a member of Austrias Imperial Habsburg family. ...

In any case, in spite of occasional disagreements, Morny's influence with the emperor remained great, and the liberal policies which he advocated enabled him to serve the imperial cause through his influence with the leaders of the opposition, the most conspicuous of whom, Émile Ollivier, was detached from his colleagues by his efforts. But while he was laying the foundations of the "Liberal Empire" his health, undermined by a ceaseless round of political and financial business, of gaiety and dissipation, was giving way, and was further injured by quack medicines. The emperor and the empress visited him just before his death in Paris on the 10 March 1865. Émile Ollivier, French statesman Olivier Émile Ollivier (July 2, 1825 - August 20, 1913) was a French statesman. ... is the 69th day of the year (70th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1865 (MDCCLXV) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ...

Morny's valuable collection of pictures was sold after his death. In spite of his undoubted wit and social gifts, Morny failed to secure the distinction he desired as a dramatist, and none of his pieces which appeared under the pseudonym of M. de St Rémy: Sur la grande route; M. Choufleuri restera chez lui le . . ., and the Finesses du man among others, met with success on the stage. M. Choufleuri restera chez lui le. ...

Thoroughbred horse racing

Morny played an important role in the development of the Thoroughbred horse racing and breeding industry in France. In 1860 he purchased the English Triple Crown champion West Australian and brought him to France for breeding purposes. In 1862 Morny built the Deauville-La Touques Race Course near Deauville. The Prix Morny is named in his honor. For the processor with the same codename , see Athlon. ... Horse-racing is an equestrian sporting activity which has been practiced over the centuries; the chariot races of Roman times were an early example, as was the contest of the steeds of the god Odin and the giant Hrungnir in Norse mythology. ... Mares and foals Horse breeding refers to reproduction in horses, and particularly the human-directed process of selective breeding of animals, particularly purebred horses of a given breed. ... “UK” redirects here. ... The Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing (although sometimes shortened to Triple Crown, the full name is used to avoid possible confusion with other sports) consists of three races for three-year-old thoroughbred horses. ... West Australian (1850-1870) was a British-bred Thoroughbred racehorse who won the first Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing. ... Deauville is a commune of the Calvados département, in the Basse-Normandie région, in France. ... The Prix Morny is a Group 1 flat horse race in France for two-year-old thoroughbred colts and fillies run over a distance of 1,200 metres (approximately 6 furlongs) at Deauville Racecourse in August. ...

Children by marriage

• Marie Eugenie de Morny (Paris, 1857 - Paris, 1883, married in Madrid, 1877 as his first wife José Ramón Gil Francisco de Borja Nicolás Osório y de Heredia, 9. Conde de La Corzana (Madrid, August 21, 1854 - Madrid, 1919), and had:
  • José Osorio y de Morny, 10. Conde de La Corzana (Madrid, 1878 - Madrid, 1919), married in Madrid, 1902 María de la Purificación Dorticos-Marín y León, ?. Marquesa de Marín (1878 - 1928), without issue
• Auguste Charles Louis Valentin de Morny, 2nd Duc de Morny (Paris, 1859 - Paris, 1920), married in Paris, 1886 Carlota de Guzmán-Blanco y de Ybarra (Caracas, 1869 - Courbevoie, 1939), and had:
  • Auguste de Morny, 3rd Duc de Morny (Paris, 1889 - Paris, 1935), unmarried and without issue
  • Antoine de Morny, 4th Duc de Morny (Paris, 1896 - Paris, 1943), unmarried and without issue
  • Anna Teresa de Morny (Paris, 1890 - Paris, 1924), unmarried and without issue
• Serge de Morny (Paris, 1861 - Paris, 1922), unmarried and without issue
• Sophie Mathilde (Missy) de Morny (Paris, 1863 - Paris, 1944), married in Madrid, 1881 and divorced in 1903 Jacques Godart Marquis de Belbeuf (Paris, 1850 - Paris, 1906). She created a scandal at the turn of the 19th century by her lesbian affair with the French novelist Colette who had taken up work in the music halls of Paris in 1906 under her wing, and with whom she became romantically involved. In 1907, the two performed together in a pantomime entitled Rêve d'Égypte at the Moulin Rouge. Their onstage kiss nearly caused a riot, which the police were called in to suppress. As a result of this scandal, further performances of Rêve d'Égypte were banned and Colette and de Morny were no longer able to openly live together, though their relationship continued a total of five years.^[2]

This article is about the capital of France. ... 1857 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... This article is about the capital of France. ... Year 1883 (MDCCCLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... This article is about the Spanish capital. ... 1877 (MDCCCLXXVII) was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... This article is about the Spanish capital. ... is the 233rd day of the year (234th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the board game, see 1854 (board game). ... This article is about the Spanish capital. ... Year 1919 (MCMXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar). ... This article is about the Spanish capital. ... 1878 (MDCCCLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... This article is about the Spanish capital. ... Year 1919 (MCMXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar). ... This article is about the Spanish capital. ... Year 1902 (MCMII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday [1] of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... 1878 (MDCCCLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Year 1928 (MCMXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the capital of France. ... Year 1859 (MDCCCLIX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... This article is about the capital of France. ... Year 1920 (MCMXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display 1920) of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the capital of France. ... Year 1886 (MDCCCLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Nickname: Motto: Ave María Santísima, sin pecado concebida, en el primer instante de su ser natural. ... Year 1869 (MDCCCLXIX) is a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Bridge of Courbevoie, Georges Seurat, 1886-1887. ... Year 1939 (MCMXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the capital of France. ... Year 1889 (MDCCCLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... This article is about the capital of France. ... 1935 (MCMXXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar). ... This article is about the capital of France. ... Year 1896 (MDCCCXCVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display calendar). ... This article is about the capital of France. ... Year 1943 (MCMXLIII) was a common year starting on Friday (the link will display full 1943 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the capital of France. ... Year 1890 (MDCCCXC) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar). ... This article is about the capital of France. ... For the rap album, see 1924 (album). ... This article is about the capital of France. ... Year 1861 (MDCCCLXI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... This article is about the capital of France. ... Year 1922 (MCMXXII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the capital of France. ... Year 1863 (MDCCCLXIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... This article is about the capital of France. ... Year 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the Spanish capital. ... Year 1881 (MDCCCLXXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Year 1903 (MCMIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 13-day slower Julian calendar. ... This article is about the capital of France. ... For the game, see: 1850 (board game) 1850 (MDCCCL) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday [1] of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... This article is about the capital of France. ... Year 1906 (MCMVI) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about same-sex desire and sexuality among women. ... A novel is an extended work of written, narrative, prose fiction, usually in story form; the writer of a novel is a novelist. ... Colette Colette [1] [2] was the pen name of the French novelist Sidonie-Gabrielle Colette (January 28, 1873 – August 3, 1954). ... Music Hall is a form of British theatrical entertainment which reached its peak of popularity between 1850 and 1960. ... This article is about the capital of France. ... For other uses, see Moulin Rouge (disambiguation). ...

Notes

In these sentences, "Sophie Mathilde (Missy) de Morny (Paris, 1863 - Paris, 1944), married in Madrid, 1881 and divorced in 1903 Jacques Godart Marquis de Belbeuf (Paris, 1850 - Paris, 1906). She created a scandal at the turn of the 19th century by her lesbian affair with the French novelist Colette" there's a mistake. It was at the turn of the 20th century that she created the scandal, not the 19th.

References

• This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain.