Charles Benjamin Dudley (July 14, 1842 - December 21, 1909) was a U.S. chemist who was an early proponent of standardisation in industry. July 14 is the 195th day (196th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 170 days remaining. ... 1842 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... December 21 is the 355th day of the year (356th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1909 (MCMIX) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Motto: E pluribus unum (1789 to present) (Latin: Out of Many, One) In God We Trust (1956 to present) Anthem: The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington, D.C. Largest city New York, New York Official language(s) None at federal level; English de facto Government • President • Vice President Federal republic... Chemist Julie Perkins of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory pours from a Florence flask. ... Standardisation or standardization (sometimes abbreviated s13n), in the context related to technologies and industries, is the process of establishing a technical standard among competing entities in a market, where this will bring benefits without hurting competition. ...

Born Oxford, New York, Dudley's family circumstances demanded that he had to wait until 1867 before he could enter Yale College, supporting himself as a night editor on the New Haven Palladium newspaper. He eventually earned a Ph.D. from the Sheffield Scientific School. Oxford, New York is the name of two locations in Chenango County, New York: Town of Oxford Village of Oxford This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... 1867 (MDCCCLXVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... For other uses, see Yale (disambiguation). ... Doctor of Philosophy, or Ph. ... The Sheffield Scientific School was founded as Yale Scientific School in 1854 and renamed in 1861 in honor of Joseph E. Sheffield. ...

In 1875 he became a chemist for the Pennsylvania Railroad and started to investigate the chemical composition and metallurgical structure of rail tracks, breakage being a major hazard at that time. He discovered emormous variation in the properties and quality of steel and the 1878 publication of his results¹ caused uproar in the steel industry who saw it as their sole domain to determine the quality of their products for sale. Dudley championed the development of company and industry standards and demanded rigorous testing of materials to verify conformance. He developed a complete range of standards for the Pennsylvania Railroad including not just steel but also fuels, lubricants, paints and even locomotives. 1875 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1893 map The Pennsylvania Railroad (AAR reporting mark PRR) was an American railroad existing 1846–1968, after which it merged into Penn Central Transportation. ... Metallurgy is a domain of materials science and of materials engineering that studies the physical and chemical behavior of metallic elements, their intermetallic compounds and their mixtures, which are called alloys. ... track Rail tracks are used on railways (or railroads), which, together with railroad switches (or points), guide trains without the need for steering. ... A fracture is the separation of a body into two, or more, pieces under the action of stress. ... 1878 (MDCCCLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Charles Benjamin Dudley (July 14, 1842 _ December 21, 1909) was a US chemist who was an early proponent of standardisation in industry. ... For the workstation, see SGI Fuel. ... A lubricant (colloquially, lube, although this usually refers to personal lubricants) is a substance (usually a liquid) introduced between two moving surfaces to reduce the friction and wear between them. ... It has been suggested that Dutch process paint be merged into this article or section. ... A locomotive (from lat. ...

In 1898, he was one of the founders of the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). 1898 (MDCCCXCVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... ASTM International is an international voluntary standards organization that develops and produces technical standards for materials, products, systems and services. ...

He died in Altoona, Pennsylvania. Altoona is a city located in Blair County, Pennsylvania. ...

References

1. Dudley, C. B. (1878) "The chemical composition and physical properties of steel rails", Transactions of the American Institute of Mining Engineers

Honours

• Member of Phi Beta Kappa;
• President of the ASTM, (1902-1909).