Charles E. Bolles, also known as Black Bart

Charles Earl Bolles (1829–Disappeared 1888–1917?), alias Black Bart, was an American Old West outlaw noted for his poetic messages left after each robbery. He was also known as Charles E. Boles and C.E. Bolton. A gentleman bandit, Black Bart was one of the more notorious stagecoach robbers to operate in and around Northern California and southern Oregon during the 1870s and 1880s. The fame he received for his numerous daring thefts is rivaled only by his reputation for style and sophistication. Image File history File links CharlesBolles. ... Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 1829 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Year 1917 (MCMXVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 13-day slower Julian calendar (see: 1917 Julian calendar). ... A pseudonym (Greek pseudo + -onym: false name) is an artificial, fictitious name, also known as an alias, used by an individual as an alternative to a persons true name. ... The cowboy, the quintessential symbol of the American Old West, circa 1887. ... For other senses of this word, see outlaw (disambiguation). ... The poor poet A poet is a person who writes poetry. ... Stagecoach in Switzerland A stagecoach is a type of four-wheeled enclosed passenger and/or mail coach, strongly sprung and drawn by four horses, widely used before the introduction of railway transport. ... Holdup redirects here. ... Northern California, sometimes referred to as NorCal, is the northern portion of the U.S. state of California. ... Official language(s) None Capital Salem Largest city Portland Area  Ranked 9th  - Total 98,466 sq mi (255,026 km²)  - Width 260 miles (420 km)  - Length 360 miles (580 km)  - % water 2. ... // The invention of the telephone (1876) by Alexander Graham Bell. ... // Development and commercial production of electric lighting Development and commercial production of gasoline-powered automobile by Karl Benz, Gottlieb Daimler and Maybach First commercial production and sales of phonographs and phonograph recordings. ...

Early life

Participation in California Gold Rush

In late 1849 Charles Bolles and a cousin took part in the California Gold Rush. They began mining in the North Fork of the American River in California. His brother Robert joined them in 1852, but died in San Francisco. Bolles then returned east and married Mary Elizabeth Johnson in 1854. By 1860, the couple had made their home in Decatur, Illinois. In 1862, however, Bolles decided to go to war. 1849 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... The California Gold Rush (1848–1855) began in January 1848, when gold was discovered at Sutters Mill. ... The American River, located in the US state of California, has a prominent place in American history for being the site of Sutters Mill, where gold was found in 1848, leading to the California Gold Rush. ... Official language(s) English Capital Sacramento Largest city Los Angeles Area  Ranked 3rd  - Total 158,302 sq mi (410,000 km²)  - Width 250 miles (400 km)  - Length 770 miles (1,240 km)  - % water 4. ... 1852 was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... This page is a candidate for speedy deletion. ... 1854 (MDCCCLIV) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1860 is the leap year starting on Sunday. ... The Decatur Transfer House in the background with a newly completed fountain in the foreground. ... Official language(s) English Capital Springfield Largest city Chicago Largest metro area Chicago Area  Ranked 25th  - Total 57,918 sq mi (149,998 km²)  - Width 210 miles (340 km)  - Length 390 miles (629 km)  - % water 4. ... 1862 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ...

Civil War veteran

The Civil War was then in progress, and Bolles enlisted at Decatur as a private in Company B, 116th Illinois Regiment on August 13, 1862. He proved to be a good soldier, rising to the rank of first sergeant within a year. He took part in numerous battles and campaigns, including Vicksburg (where he was seriously wounded) and Sherman's March to the Sea. On June 7, 1865 he was discharged at Washington, D. C. and returned home to Illinois. He had received brevet (honorary) commissions as both 2nd Lieutenant and 1st Lieutenant. This article is becoming very long. ... August 13 is the 225th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (226th in leap years), with 140 days remaining. ... Combatants United States of America Confederate States of America Commanders Ulysses S. Grant John C. Pemberton Strength 70,000 30,000 Casualties 10,142 9,091 (30,000 paroled) The Battle of Vicksburg, or Siege of Vicksburg, was the final significant battle in the Vicksburg Campaign of the American Civil... Engraving by Alexander Hay Ritchie depicting Shermans March Shermans March to the Sea is the name commonly given to the Savannah Campaign, conducted in late 1864 by Major General William Tecumseh Sherman of the Union Army during the American Civil War. ... 1865 (MDCCCLXV) is a common year starting on Sunday. ... ...

Criminal career

The Wells Fargo incident in Montana

After the long years of war, a quiet life of farming held little appeal to Bolles and he yearned for adventure. By 1867, he was prospecting again in Idaho and Montana. Little is known of him during this time, but in an August 1871 letter to his wife he mentioned an unpleasant incident with some Wells, Fargo & Company employees and vowed to pay them back. He then stopped writing, and after a time his wife assumed he was dead. Cunt BAg Twat Fuk suck my penis ring 0778851865!!!!!!Year 1867 (MDCCCLXVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Official language(s) English Capital Helena Largest city Billings Area  Ranked 4th  - Total 147,165 sq mi (381,156 km²)  - Width 255 miles (410 km)  - Length 630 miles (1,015 km)  - % water 1  - Latitude 44°26N to 49°N  - Longitude 104°2W to 116°2W Population  Ranked... 1871 (MDCCCLXXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... A typical Wells Fargo branch, located in Berkeley, California Norwest redirects here. ...

First stagecoach robbery

Whatever it was that happened in Montana, it clearly changed Bolles' outlook on life. He re-emerged in official documents in July 1875, when he robbed his first stagecoach in Calaveras County. What made the crime unusual was the politeness and good manners of the outlaw. He spoke with a deep and resonant tone, and told the stage driver, "Please throw down the box." Bolles was always courteous and used no foul language. He covered his body in sacks and linen to hide his clothing and appearance. These distinguished features became his trademarks. 1875 (MDCCCLXXV) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Calaveras County is a county located in Californias Gold Country. ... Politeness is best expressed as the practical application of good manners or etiquette. ... Please may refer to: Please, an English word important in politeness and etiquette. ...

The "Black Bart" fictional character

Bolles, like many of his contemporaries, read "dime novel" style serial adventure stories which appeared in local newspapers. In the early 1870s, the Sacramento Union ran such a serial called The Case of Summerfield, by Caxton (a pseudonym of William Henry Rhodes). In the story, the villain dressed in black, had long unruly black hair, a large black beard and wild grey eyes. The villain would rob Wells Fargo stagecoaches and brought great fear into those who were unlucky enough to cross him. The character's name was Black Bart, and Bolles decided to adopt this individual's identity. In the United States in the late 19th century and very early 20th century, a dime novel was a low-priced novel, typically priced at 10 cents (a dime). ... // The invention of the telephone (1876) by Alexander Graham Bell. ... Logo used for many decades by the daily The Sacramento Union was a newspaper founded in 1851 in Sacramento, California. ... William Henry Rhodes (1822-1876), he used the pseudonym Caxton, is most well known for his short story, The Case of Summerfield, which appeared in 1871 in a San Francisco newspaper. ... A typical Wells Fargo branch, located in Berkeley, California Norwest redirects here. ...

A notorious bandit

Bolles, as Black Bart, robbed numerous Wells Fargo stagecoaches across northern California between 1875 and 1883, including a number of robberies along the historic Siskiyou Trail between California and Oregon. He eventually began to leave poems at the sites of his crimes as his signature. Black Bart was very successful and made off with thousands of dollars a year. During his last robbery in 1883, Black Bart was shot and forced to flee the scene. He left behind several personal items, including a pair of eyeglasses, food, and a handkerchief with a laundry mark. 1883 (MDCCCLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... The Siskiyou Trail stretched from Californias Central Valley to Oregons Willamette Valley; modern-day Interstate 5 follows this pioneer path. ... ISO 4217 Code USD User(s) the United States, the British Indian Ocean Territory,[1] the British Virgin Islands, Cambodia, East Timor, Ecuador, El Salvador, the Marshall Islands, Micronesia, Palau, Panama, Turks and Caicos Islands, and the insular areas of the United States Inflation 2. ... The field of wound ballistics largely comprises the study of the physiology and medical effects of projectile weapons (chiefly, but not exclusively, bullets) on humans. ... Raymond W. Kelly is seen here wearing a handkerchief in his left-breast pocket. ...

The last stagecoach robbery

The last hold up took place at the site, ironically, of his first hold up on Funk Hill, just southeast of the present town of Copperopolis. The stage had crossed the Reynolds Ferry on the old stage road from Sonora to Milton. The stage driver was Reason McConnell. At the ferry crossing, the driver picked up Jimmy Rolleri, the 19 year old son of the ferry owner.

The stage had to travel up a steep road on the east side of Funk Hill. Jimmy Rolleri had brought his rifle and got off at the bottom of the hill. He intended to hunt along the creek at the southern base of the hill, and then meet the stage at the bottom of the western grade. However, on arriving at the western side of the hill he found that the stage not there. He began walking up the stage road. On nearing the summit, he encountered the stage driver and his team of horses.

Rolleri learned that as the stage had approached the summit, Black Bart had stepped out from behind a rock with his shotgun. He made McConnell unhitch the team and return with them over the crest again to the west side of the hill, where Rolleri encountered him. Bart then tried to remove the strongbox from the stage. Wells Fargo had bolted the strongbox to the floor inside of the stage (which had no passengers that day). It took Bart sometime to remove the box.

McConnell informed Rolleri that a hold up was in progress, and Rolleri came up to where McConnel and the horses were standing. He saw that Bolles was backing out of the stage with the box. McConnell took the Rolleri's rifle and fired at Bolles, but missed. Rolleri then took his rifle and fired one or two shots. Bolles stumbled, dropped the items he had taken from the box and fled. If he was actually wounded, it must have been very minor.

The robbery investigation

The handkerchief

Wells Fargo Detective James B. Hume (who allegedly looked enough like Bolles to be a twin brother, moustache included) found several personal items at the scene, including one of Bart's handkerchiefs bearing the laundry mark - F.X.O.7. James B. Hume was an American detective of the late 19th century. ... Man and woman washing linen in a brook, from William Henry Pynes Microcosm, 1806. ...

The "mining engineer" T. Z. Spalding

Wells Fargo detectives James Hume and Henry Nicholson Morse contacted every laundry in San Francisco, seeking the one that used the mark. After visiting nearly 90 laundry operators, they finally traced the mark to Ferguson & Bigg's California Laundry on Bush Street. They were able to identify the handkerchief as belonging to Bolles, who lived in a modest boarding house. Bolles described himself as a "mining engineer" and made frequent "business trips" which happened to coincide with the Wells Fargo robberies. After initially denying he was Black Bart, Bolles eventually admitted that he had robbed several Wells Fargo stages, but confessed only to the crimes committed before 1879. It is widely believed that Bolles mistakenly believed that the statute of limitations had expired on these robberies. When booked, he gave his name as T. Z. Spalding. When the police examined his possessions they found a Bible, a gift from his wife, inscribed with his real name. Boarding House is a privately owned house,in which individuals or families on vaccation, holidays, deputition,transfered on temporary duties, on some particular training,short&mediun tenure visitors,working professionals & lodgers,rent one or more rooms sets for one or more nights,sometimes for extended periods of weeks, months and... 1879 (MDCCCLXXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... A statute of limitations is a statute in a common law legal system that sets forth the maximum period of time, after certain events, that legal proceedings based on those events may be initiated. ... This Gutenberg Bible is displayed by the United States Library of Congress. ...

In the police report following his arrest, it stated that Black Bart was "a person of great endurance. Exhibited genuine wit under most trying circumstances, and was extremely proper and polite in behavior. Eschews profanity."

Charged, tried, convicted, and sentenced

Wells Fargo pressed charges only on the final robbery. Bolles was convicted and sentenced to six years in San Quentin Prison, but his stay was shortened to four years for good behavior. When he was released in January 1888, his health had clearly deteriorated due to his time in prison. He had visibly aged, his eyesight was failing and he had gone deaf in one ear. Reporters swarmed around him when he was released. They asked if he was going to rob anymore stagecoaches. "No gentlemen," he smilingly replied, "I'm through with crime." Another reporter asked if he would write more poetry. He laughed, "Now didn't you hear me say that I am through with crime?" Categories: Buildings and structures stubs | US geography stubs | Prisons in California ... Year 1888 (MDCCCLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (click on link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ...

Disappearance

Vacated room

Black Bart's end is more in keeping with the way the romantics of his day would have had it. He disappeared without a trace shortly after his release from prison. His San Francisco boarding house room was found vacated in February 1888 and the outlaw was never seen again.

Copycat robber

On November 14, 1888 another Wells Fargo stage was robbed by a masked highwayman. The lone bandit left a verse that read: November 14 is the 318th day of the year (319th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 47 days remaining. ... Year 1888 (MDCCCLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (click on link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ...

So here I've stood while wind and rain
Have set the trees a-sobbin'
And risked my life for that damned box,
That wasn't worth the robbin'

Detective Hume was called to examine the note. After comparing it with the handwriting of genuine Black Bart poetry from the past, he declared the new holdup was the work of a copycat criminal. The copycat effect refers to the tendency of sensation publicity about violent murder(s) or suicide(s) to cause more of the same. ...

Rumors and theories

Rumors began to spread that Wells Fargo had paid off the aging bandit and sent him away to keep him from robbing their stages. However, Wells Fargo denied this. Look up rumour in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

Some believe that he had moved to New York City and lived quietly for the rest of his life, dying there in 1917, though this was never confirmed. Others prefer to believe the unlikely tale that the former poet bandit with failing eyesight had gone to the wilds of Montana or perhaps Nevada for another try at making a fortune. New York, NY redirects here. ... Year 1917 (MCMXVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 13-day slower Julian calendar (see: 1917 Julian calendar). ... Official language(s) English Capital Helena Largest city Billings Area  Ranked 4th  - Total 147,165 sq mi (381,156 km²)  - Width 255 miles (410 km)  - Length 630 miles (1,015 km)  - % water 1  - Latitude 44°26N to 49°N  - Longitude 104°2W to 116°2W Population  Ranked... This article does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...

Reportedly, in the summer of 1888 an unidentified stagecoach robber was killed near Virginia City, Nevada. If this had been Black Bart, it seems likely his body would have been recognized. View of Virginia City, Nevada, from a nearby hillside, 1867-68 Virginia City is a city located in Storey County, Nevada. ...

Verses

Charles Bolles only left two authenticated verses. The first verse was left at the scene of the August 3, 1877 hold up on a stage traveling from Point Arenas to Duncan Mills:

"I've labored long and hard for bread,
For honor and for riches,
But on my corns too long you've tred
You fine-haired sons of bitches."

- Black Bart, 1877 1877 (MDCCCLXXVII) was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ...

The second verse was left at the site of his July 25, 1878 hold up of a stage traveling from Quincy to Oroville. It read:

"Here I lay me down to sleep
To wait the coming morrow,
Perhaps success, perhaps defeat,
And everlasting sorrow.
Let come what will I'll try it on,
My condition can't be worse;
And if there's money in that box
'Tis munny in my purse."

Black Bart
PO8

List of crimes

1870s

• July 26, 1875: In Calaveras County, the Sonora to Milton stage was robbed by a man wearing a flour sack over his head with two holes cut out for the eyes.
• December 28, 1875: In Yuba County, the stage from North San Juan to Marysville is robbed. A newspaper says it was held up by four men. This too has a description of the lone robber and his "trademarks". The "three other men" were in the hills around the stage. The driver saw their "rifles". When the investigators arrive at the scene they find the "rifles" used in the heist were nothing more than sticks wedged in the brush.
• October 2, 1878: In Mendocino County, near Ukiah. Bart is seen picnicking along the roadside before the robbery.
• October 3, 1878: In Mendocino County, the stage from Covelo to Ukiah. Bart walks to the McCreary farm and pays for dinner. Fourteen-year-old Donna McCreary provides first detailed description of Bart: Graying brown hair, missing two of his front teeth, deep set piercing blue eyes under heavy eyebrows. Slender hands & intellectual in conversation, well flavored with polite jokes.
• June 21, 1879: In Butte County, the stage from La Porte to Oroville. Bart says to driver, "Sure hope you have a lot of gold in that strongbox, I'm nearly out of money."
• October 25, 1879: In Shasta County, the stage from Roseburg, Oregon to Redding. Robs U.S. mail pouches on this Saturday night.
• October 27, 1879: In Shasta County, the stage from Alturas to Redding. Jim Hume is sure that Bart is the one-eyed ex-Ohioan Frank Fox.

July 26 is the 207th day (208th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 158 days remaining. ... 1875 (MDCCCLXXV) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Sonora is the county seat of Tuolumne County, California. ... Milton is an unincorporated community in Calaveras County, California. ... Look up flour in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... December 28 is the 362nd day of the year (363rd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 3 days remaining. ... 1875 (MDCCCLXXV) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Yuba County is located in the U.S. state of Californias Central Valley, north of Sacramento, along the Feather River. ... Marysville is the home of many great people namely Courtney Weaver county seat of Yuba County, California, USA. The population was 12,268 at the 2000 census. ... October 2 is the 275th day (276th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 90 days remaining. ... 1878 (MDCCCLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Mendocino County is a county located on Californias north coast, north of the San Francisco Bay Area and Sonoma County and west of the Central Valley. ... Ukiah is the county seat of Mendocino County, California. ... October 3 is the 276th day of the year (277th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1878 (MDCCCLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Covelo is a census-designated place located in Mendocino County, California. ... June 21 is the 172nd day of the year (173rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 193 days remaining. ... 1879 (MDCCCLXXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Butte County is a county located in the Central Valley of the U.S. state of California, north of state capital Sacramento. ... La Porte is a census-designated place located in Plumas County, California. ... Oroville is the county seat of Butte County, California. ... October 25 is the 298th day of the year (299th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1879 (MDCCCLXXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Shasta County is a county located in the northern portion of the U.S. state of California, in the Cascade Mountains. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Redding from space, April 1994 Redding is the county seat of Shasta County, California, USA, located on the Sacramento River and on Interstate 5 south of Shasta Lake. ... October 27 is the 300th day of the year (301st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 65 days remaining. ... 1879 (MDCCCLXXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Alturas is the county seat of Modoc County, California. ...

1880s

• July 22, 1880: In Sonoma County, the stage from Point Arena to Duncan's Mills. (Same location as on Aug. 3, 1877. Wells Fargo adds it to the list when he is captured.)
• September 1, 1880: In Shasta County, the stage from Weaverville to Redding. Near French Gulch, Bart says, "Hurry up the hounds; it gets lonesome in the mountains."
• September 16, 1880: In Jackson County, Oregon, the stage from Roseburg to Yreka, California. Farthest north Bart is known to have robbed.
• September 23, 1880: In Jackson County, Oregon, the stage from Yreka to Roseburg,. (Three days later President Rutherford B. Hayes & Gen. William T. Sherman are on this stage.) On October 1st a person (Frank Fox?) who closely matches the description of Bart is arrested at Elk Creek Station and later released.
• November 20, 1880: In Siskiyou County, the stage from Redding to Roseburg. This robbery fails because of the noise of an approaching stage or because of a hatchet in driver's hand.
• August 31, 1881: In Siskiyou County, the stage from Roseburg to Yreka. Mail sacks are cut like a "T" shape, another Bart trademark.
• October 8, 1881: In Shasta County, the stage from Yreka to Redding. Stage driver Horace Williams asked Bart, "How much did you make?" Bart answers, "Not very much for the chances I take."
• October 11, 1881: In Shasta County, the stage from Lakeview to Redding. Hume keeps losing Bart's trail.
• December 15, 1881: In Yuba County, near Marysville. Takes mail bags and evades capture due to his swiftness afoot.
• December 27, 1881: In Nevada County, the stage from North San Juan to Smartsville. Nothing much taken, but Bart is wrongly blamed for another stage robbery in Smartsville.
• January 26, 1882: In Mendocino County, the stage from Ukiah to Cloverdale. Again the posse is on his tracks within the hour and again they lose him after Kelseyville.
• June 14, 1882: In Mendocino County, the stage from Little Lake to Ukiah. Hiram Willits, Postmaster of Willitsville (Willits today) is on the stage.
• July 13, 1882: In Plumas County, the stage from La Porte to Oroville,This stage is loaded with gold and George Hackett is armed with. Bart loses his derby as he flees the scene. The same stage is again held-up in Forbes town and Hackett blasts the would-be robber into the bushes. This is mistakenly blamed on Bart.
• September 17, 1882: In Shasta County, the stage from Yreka to Redding. A repeat of October 8, 1881 (same stage, place and driver), but Bart gets only a few dollars.
• November 24, 1882: In Sonoma County, the stage from Lakeport to Cloverdale. "The longest 30 miles in the World."
• April 12, 1883: In Sonoma County, the stage from Lakeport to Cloverdale. Another repeat of the last robbery.
• June 23, 1883: In Amador County,, the stage from Jackson to Ione.
• November 3, 1883 In Calaveras County, the stage from Sonora to Milton.

July 22 is the 203rd day (204th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 162 days remaining. ... Year 1880 (MDCCCLXXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar). ... Sonoma County is on the north Pacific coast of California, in the greater San Francisco Bay Area. ... Point Arena and the Point Arena lighthouse, looking southward from Manchester State Beach. ... Duncans Mills is a town located in Sonoma County, California. ... September 1 is the 244th day of the year (245th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1880 (MDCCCLXXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar). ... Weaverville is a census-designated place and the county seat of Trinity County, California. ... September 16 is the 259th day of the year (260th in leap years). ... Year 1880 (MDCCCLXXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar). ... Jackson County is a county located in the U.S. state of Oregon. ... Yreka is the county seat of Siskiyou County, California. ... September 23 is the 266th day of the year (267th in leap years). ... Year 1880 (MDCCCLXXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar). ... Rutherford Birchard Hayes (October 4, 1822 – January 17, 1893) was an American politician, lawyer, military leader and the 19th President of the United States (1877-1881). ... Portrait of William Tecumseh Sherman by Mathew Brady William Tecumseh Sherman (February 8, 1820 – February 14, 1891) was an American soldier, businessman, and author. ... November 20 is the 324th day of the year (325th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1880 (MDCCCLXXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar). ... Siskiyou County is a county located in far northernmost California, USA, in the Cascade Mountains on the Oregon border. ... August 31 is the 243rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (244th in leap years), with 122 days remaining. ... Year 1881 (MDCCCLXXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar). ... October 8 is the 281st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (282nd in leap years). ... Year 1881 (MDCCCLXXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar). ... October 11 is the 284th day of the year (285th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1881 (MDCCCLXXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar). ... Lakeview is a census-designated place located in Riverside County, California. ... December 15 is the 349th day of the year (350th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1881 (MDCCCLXXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar). ... December 27 is the 361st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (362nd in leap years). ... Year 1881 (MDCCCLXXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar). ... Nevada County is a county located in Californias Sierra Nevada, in the Mother Lode country. ... January 26 is the 26th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1882 (MDCCCLXXXII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar. ... Cloverdale is a city in Sonoma County, California, United States. ... Kelseyville is a census-designated place (CDP) in Lake County, California, United States. ... June 14 is the 165th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (166th in leap years), with 200 days remaining. ... Year 1882 (MDCCCLXXXII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar. ... Willits is a city in Mendocino County, California, United States. ... July 13 is the 194th day (195th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 171 days remaining. ... Year 1882 (MDCCCLXXXII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar. ... Plumas County is a county located in Californias Sierra Nevada. ... September 17 is the 260th day of the year (261st in leap years). ... Year 1882 (MDCCCLXXXII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar. ... November 24 is the 328th day (329th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Year 1882 (MDCCCLXXXII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar. ... Lakeport is the county seat of Lake County, California. ... April 12 is the 102nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (103rd in leap years). ... 1883 (MDCCCLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... June 23 is the 174th day of the year (175th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 191 days remaining. ... 1883 (MDCCCLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Amador County is a county located in the Sierra Nevada of the U.S. state of California. ... Jackson is the county seat of Amador County, California. ... Ione is a city located in Amador County, California. ... November 3 is the 307th day of the year (308th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 58 days remaining. ... 1883 (MDCCCLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ...

See also

• American Old West
• Outlaws
• List of people who have disappeared

The cowboy, the quintessential symbol of the American Old West, circa 1887. ... For other senses of this word, see outlaw (disambiguation). ... The following is a compilation of people who have mysteriously disappeared, whose death is not substantiated, whose remains have not been recovered, whose current whereabouts are unknown, and who (except for the most recent cases) may be presumed deceased. ...

References

• Black Bart: California's Infamous Stage Robber
• Black Bart by Beth Gibson
• OdieWare Homepage: Black Bart
• American Hall of Villainy - Villains of American Folklore
• Muster roll of Company B, 116th Illinois Infantry

External links

• From Full Books "The Case of Summerfield" by William Henry Rhodes
• From Project Gutenberg "The Case of Summerfield" by William Henry Rhodes
• Lake County Courthouse Museum Exhibit.
• Museum of the Siskiyou Trail