Charles Henry Holden (12 May 1875 - 1 May 1960) was an English architect known for his designs of stations on the London Underground railway system. May 12 is the 132nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (133rd in leap years). ... 1875 (MDCCCLXXV) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... May 1 is the 121st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (122nd in leap years). ... 1960 (MCMLX) was a leap year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1960 calendar). ... The nickname the Tube comes from the circular tube-like tunnels through which the small-profile trains travel. ...

Holden's childhood in Bolton was not easy. His father's drapery business went bankrupt, and his mother died when he was eight. After leaving school, he worked first as a railway store clerk, and as a chemical laboratory assistant. This page is about the town of Bolton in Greater Manchester, England. ...

His brother-in-law, Frederick Green, a land-surveyor, employed Holden at the age of twenty to be apprenticed to E. W. Leeson, a Manchester architect. He studied at the Manchester School of Art and Technical College, with such success that he was soon teaching. Around 1896, Holden revealed his grasp of architectural form in designs he submitted to the Building News Designing Club, using the pseudonym 'The Owl'.

Holden's friends in Manchester included artist Francis Dodd (1874-1949) and Dodd's brother-in-law, the etcher and draughtsman Muirhead Bone who, with his brother, James, remained lifelong friends. Francis Dodd (29 November 1874 - 7 March 1949) was a notable British portrait and landscape artist and print-maker. ... The British Museum Reading Room, May 1907, 1907, Tate Gallery. ...

Modestly believing that architecture was a joint effort, Holden twice declined the offer of a Knighthood. A statue of an armoured knight of the Middle Ages For the chess piece, see knight (chess). ...

Charles Holden's great-niece Dr Jean Ward in 1999 presented to the RIBA Architectural Library Drawings Collection many topographical drawings, family photographs and ephemera by or relating to him. They joined a large body of material acquired in the 1970s at the closure of his partnership, Adams, Holden & Pearson. The Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) is a professional body for architects in the United Kingdom. ...

Works

Developing his career as an architect, Holden undertook some major assignments. In 1907, he designed the British Medical Association Building on the Strand in London, now Zimbabwe House. 1907 (MCMVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... The logo of the association. ... Strand, May 2001 St. ... Zimbabwe House at 429 Strand in central London is the Zimbabwean Embassy building in the United Kingdom, previously the countrys High Commission until the Zimbabwes withdrawal from the Commonwealth in 2004. ...

Bristol Central Library

It has been suggested that Charles Rennie Mackintosh's Glasgow School of Art was influenced by the Bristol Central Library designed by Charles Holden, who was a contemporary and fellow pioneer of early modern architecture. Scotland Street school in Glasgow Hill House, Helensburgh. ... North elevation of GSAs Mackintosh building Glasgow School of Art is one of four independent art schools in Scotland, situated in the Garnethill area of Glasgow. ...

The photograph (left) illustrates Holden's source of inspiration from the Abbot's Gatehouse at Bristol Cathedral which he applied to the adjacent Central Library. It must have been difficult for him to match an ancient ecclesiastical building with the new library next door, which opened in June 1906. The styling however neatly echoes that of the ancient building. Image File history File links Bristol_front. ... The Cathedral Church of the Holy and Undivided Trinity is the Anglican cathedral in the English city of Bristol and is commonly known as Bristol Cathedral. ...

The rear of Holden's building (right) is reminiscent of some of Mackintosh's earlier domestic commissions, such as the Hill House in Helensburgh. Image File history File links Bristol_library. ... Hill House Hill House in Helensburgh, Scotland is one of Charles Rennie Mackintoshs most famous works, probably second only to Glasgow School of Art. ... Helensburgh (Baile Eilidh in Gaelic) is a Scottish town historically part of Dunbartonshire, but since local government reorganisation in 1995 in Argyll and Bute, on the north shore of the Firth of Clyde. ...

The library's centenary publication by Anthony Beeson goes into more detail as to the similarities of both the front and back of the Bristol building with the work of Mackintosh in Glasgow and the west of Scotland. The buildings of both architects are so close in age however that it is likely that the style was a product of common influences at the time rather than any form of later imitation by either of them.
For other uses, see Glasgow (disambiguation). ...

London Transport

55 Broadway, Holden's building for London Underground's headquarters above St James' Park tube station.

From the 1920s to the 1940s Holden was architect for numerous projects for the London Electric Railway Company and later London Transport (now Transport for London). Throughout this period, he worked closely with the organisation's Managing Director Frank Pick who championed good design throughout the business. The earliest of Holden's commissions from Pick included stations on the southward extension of the Northern Line to Morden in 1925-6 and a new company headquarters in 1927-9. Download high resolution version (735x645, 124 KB)The London Underground Headquarters at 55 Broadway designed by Charles Holden and built between 1927–29. ... Download high resolution version (735x645, 124 KB)The London Underground Headquarters at 55 Broadway designed by Charles Holden and built between 1927–29. ... London Undergrounds headquarters are built above St. ... The nickname the Tube comes from the circular tube-like tunnels through which the small-profile trains travel. ... St James Park is a 52,387 capacity all-seater football stadium in Newcastle upon Tyne, England and is the home of Newcastle United F.C. The four sides of the ground are known as the Gallowgate end (officially the Newcastle Brown Ale Stand), the Leazes end (officially the Sir... The 1920s was a decade sometimes referred to as the Jazz Age or the Roaring Twenties, usually applied to America. ... // Events and trends World War II was a truly global conflict with many facets: immense human suffering, fierce indoctrination, and the use of new, extremely devastating weapons such as the atomic bomb. ... History Formation The Underground Electric Railways Company of London Limited (UER) was the holding company, for three of the new deep-level tube underground railway lines constructed in London in the first decade of the 20th century. ... The transport of London has, since 1933, been under a single control with various names. ... Transport for London (TfL) is a local government body responsible for the transport system throughout the City of London and Greater London in England. ... Frank Pick (23 November 1878 - 7 November 1941) was Managing Director of the Underground Group from 1928 and Chief Executive of the London Passenger Transport Board from its creation in 1933 until 1940. ... For other uses, see Northern Line (disambiguation). ... Morden tube station is a London Underground station in Morden in the London Borough of Merton. ... 1925 (MCMXXV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1926 (MCMXXVI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1927 (MCMXXVII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1929 (MCMXXIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ...

A revival of 18th century monumental styles then dominated British architecture. In contrast, Holden's designs for the Northern Line stations and 55 Broadway headquarters, over St. James's Park tube station, were original and modern: Holden produced not just a building, but a complete design. For 55 Broadway, he commissioned a series of sculptures for the exterior of the building from contemporary artists including Jacob Epstein, Eric Gill and Henry Moore. The most controversial - considered indecent at the time - were the two groups by Epstein, Day and Night. His attention to this kind of detail typefied Holden's commitment to total design. (17th century - 18th century - 19th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 18th century refers to the century that lasted from 1701 through 1800. ... London Undergrounds headquarters are built above St. ... Entrance to St Jamess Park Underground station St Jamess Park is a London Underground station by St Jamess Park in the City of Westminster. ... Jacob Epstein photographed by Carl Van Vechten, 1934 Sir Jacob Epstein (10 November 1880 - 19 August 1959) was an American-born sculptor who worked chiefly in England, where he pioneered modern sculpture, often producing controversial works that challenged taboos concerning what public artworks appropriately depict. ... Arthur Eric Rowton Gill (February 22, 1882–November 17, 1940) was a British sculptor, typographer and engraver. ... Reclining Figure (1951) outside the Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge, is characteristic of Moores sculptures, with an abstract female figure intercut with voids. ... Download high resolution version (883x574, 120 KB)Jacob Epsteins Day and Night (1928) Portland stone, carved for London Undergrounds Headquarters at 55 Broadway London. ...

Holden also produced the designs for the improvements of Piccadilly Circus (1925) and Leicester Square (1931). These congested central London interchanges were rebuit with spacious new below ground concourses and escalators to replace the original sets of lifts. Categories: Piccadilly Line stations | Bakerloo Line stations | London Underground stubs ... 1925 (MCMXXV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar). ... Leicester Square tube station Leicester Square Tube Station is a station on the London Underground, located on Charing Cross Road, a short distance to the east of Leicester Square itself. ... 1931 (MCMXXXI) was a common year starting on Thursday (link is to a full 1931 calendar). ... Escalators at Canary Wharf, London. ... A set of elevators or lifts, in the lower level of a railway station. ...

The 1930-3 Piccadilly Line extensions both north and west, gave Pick and Holden the chance to develop a new type of station. Aiming for a striking and inviting modern appearance, they adapted for English surroundings simple, geometric styles and exposed brickwork they saw on the Continent. This led to their 'classic' style of Underground architecture, using clean, simple forms - cylinders, curves, rectangles - built of brick and concrete and often decorated internally with brightly coloured tiles. All parts of a building were to be harmonious, all aspects integrated into the design. This included interior and exterior lighting, platform seats, clocks, kiosks, ticket machines and even litter bins. For London Transport's bus operations Holden also designed bus shelters. 1930 (MCMXXX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link is to a full 1930 calendar). ... 1933 (MCMXXXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... The Piccadilly Line is a line of the London Underground, coloured dark blue on the Tube map. ...

Sudbury Town first demonstrated this style, opening on 19 July 1931. At least 17 other similar stations soon followed. A number of them - including Enfield West (now Oakwood), Southgate, Arnos Grove and the original Sudbury Town - were in 1971 designated as of "special architectural interest", as was the 55 Broadway headquarters building. Sudbury Town tube station is on the Piccadilly Line, in Travelcard Zone 4, between Sudbury Hill and Alperton. ... July 19 is the 200th day (201st in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 165 days remaining. ... 1931 (MCMXXXI) was a common year starting on Thursday (link is to a full 1931 calendar). ... The Oakwood tube station is a station on the Piccadilly Line, Zone 5, between Southgate and Cockfosters. ... Southgate tube station is a London Underground Piccadilly Line tube station in Southgate, London, England. ... Arnos Grove tube station is a tube station on the Piccadilly line, in Travelcard Zone 4. ... 1971 (MCMLXXI) was a common year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1971 calendar). ...

In the mid 1930s Holden designed new stations for the Northern Line's Northern Heights Plan, but much of the project was postponed by World War II and later cancelled. Only East Finchley was completed in full and Highgate in part. Impressive designs for the reconstruction of Edgware and the new stations on the Bushey Heath extension were scrapped. This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... For other uses, see Northern Line (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Northern Line (disambiguation). ... Combatants Major Allied powers: United Kingdom Soviet Union United States Republic of China and others Major Axis powers: Nazi Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Harry Truman Chiang Kai-Shek Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tojo Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead... East Finchley is a London Underground station in East Finchley. ... Highgate tube station is a London Underground station in the borough of Haringey, near to Highgate. ... Edgware tube station is a London Underground station in Edgware, in the London Borough of Barnet, in north London. ... Bushey Heath tube station was an unbuilt London Underground station in Bushey Heath, Hertfordshire. ...

Holden's designs for the new and rebuilt stations on the Central Line extensions faired better, although they too were delayed by the war. They were not completed until the late 1940s and the designs were somewhat reduced by post-war austerity measures when compared to the stations built in the 1930s. Amongst these, Gants Hill is notable for the design of its platform level which was inspired by stations Holden had seen in the 1930s on the Moscow Metro. The Central Line is a line of the London Underground and coloured red on the tube map. ... // Events and trends World War II was a truly global conflict with many facets: immense human suffering, fierce indoctrination, and the use of new, extremely devastating weapons such as the atomic bomb. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Gants Hill tube station is situated on the Central Line network in Zone 4 in London. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... A current official map of the Moscow Metro. ...

Senate House, University of London

Holden's Senate House, home to the University of London's administration offices and library

The University of London had existed since 1836, but a major reform in 1900 indicated the need for an administrative headquarters; for this, in the words of Lord Haldane "ought to be the chief centre of learning in the entire Empire, perhaps the chief centre of learning for the entire world”. Senate House, University of London taken by C Ford, March 04. ... Senate House, University of London taken by C Ford, March 04. ... The Senate House of the University of London Senate House, the administrative centre of the University of London, lies in the heart of Bloomsbury between the School of Oriental and African Studies to the north and the British Museum to the south. ... The University of London is a federation of colleges and institutes which together constitute one of the worlds largest universities. ... The University of London is a federation of colleges and institutes which together constitute one of the worlds largest universities. ... Richard Burdon Sanderson Haldane, 1st Viscount Haldane, (July 30, 1856 - August 19, 1928), was an important British Liberal politician, lawyer, and philosopher. ...

Charles Holden won the commission to design the new buildings for the University of London in competition with Sir Giles Gilbert Scott amongst others. Holden's original plan, published in 1931, was more ambitious than what was eventually built. It had an enormous linear spine with 2 towers and 17 courtyards that extended from the British Museum to Byng Place; it would have dominated much of central London and would have taken decades to build. Only Senate House, the first part of the approved scheme, was built, incorporating the Library. The University of London is a federation of colleges and institutes which together constitute one of the worlds largest universities. ... Sir Giles Gilbert Scott (November 9, 1880—February 8, 1960) was an English architect known for his work on such buildings as Liverpool Cathedral and Battersea Power Station. ... 1931 (MCMXXXI) was a common year starting on Thursday (link is to a full 1931 calendar). ... The Senate House of the University of London Senate House, the administrative centre of the University of London, lies in the heart of Bloomsbury between the School of Oriental and African Studies to the north and the British Museum to the south. ...

Holden designed the tower to taper, to "appear with quiet insistence", yet it was the tallest building in London (except for St. Pauls Cathedral) for a number of years, and was in effect "London's first skyscraper". It was Holden’s last building. For alternative meanings see St. ...

External links

• National Portrait Gallery - Charles Holden by Francis Dodd, 1915
• Londonist.com - Article on Charles Holden's buildings
• London's Transport Museum Photographic Archive
  • British Medical Association building, 1922
  • Charles Holden in later life
• Charlesholden.com
  • Images
• LT Museum
• German Underground
• Web page about Charles Holden (archINFORM database)

1915 (MCMXV) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... ArchINFORM is an online database for international architecture, originally emerging from records of interesting building projects from architecture students from the University of Karlsruhe, Germany. ...

Selected work for London Transport

Clapham South Clapham South tube taken by C Ford, March 04. ... Clapham South station Clapham South tube station is a station on London Undergrounds Northern Line between Clapham Common and Balham stations and was opened in 1926 as the first station of the Morden extension of the line. ...

Arnos Grove Image File history File linksMetadata ArnosGrove. ... Arnos Grove tube station is a tube station on the Piccadilly line, in Travelcard Zone 4. ...

Oakwood Image File history File links Download high resolution version (2048x1536, 281 KB) Oakwood tube station, 4. ... The Oakwood tube station is a station on the Piccadilly Line, Zone 5, between Southgate and Cockfosters. ...

Uxbridge Uxbridge tube station, London Image by ChrisO File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Categories: Metropolitan Line stations | Piccadilly Line stations | London Underground stubs ...