Charles Louis of Bourbon-Parma (Carlo Ludovico di Borbone Parma) (22 December 1799–16 April 1883) was King of Etruria (1803–1807), Duke of Lucca (1824–1847), and Duke of Parma (1847–1848). December 22 is the 356th day of the year (357th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1799 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... April 16 is the 106th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (107th in leap years). ... 1883 (MDCCCLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Merchant flag of the Kingdom of Etruria. ... Duchy of Lucca was an Italian state that was formed in 1815 according to the Congress of Vienna, with capital Lucca. ... The Duchy of Parma was created in 1545 from that part of the Duchy of Milan south of the Po River, as a fief for Pope Paul IIIs illegitimate son, Pier Luigi Farnese, centered around the city of Parma. ...

Early life and marriage

Charles Louis was born in Madrid as the only son of Louis, Prince of Piacenza, son and heir of Ferdinand, Duke of Parma, and his wife Infanta Maria Louisa of Spain, daughter of King Charles IV of Spain. In 1801, Charles Louis became Crown Prince of the newly-created Kingdom of Etruria as heir to his father, whom Napoleon had made King of Etruria. After his father's death in 1803, Charles Louis succeeded as King Louis II under the regency of his mother Maria Louisa. In 1807, Napoleon dissolved the kingdom and had Charles Louis and his mother brought to France. Charles Louis was promised the throne of a new Kingdom of Northern Lusitania (in the North of Portugal), but this plan never materialized, due to the break between Napoleon and the Spanish Bourbons in 1808. Louis I of Etruria, a. ... Ferdinand of Bourbon, Duke of Parma (January 20, 1751 - October 9, 1802) was duke of Parma from 1765 to 1802. ... Maria Louisa of Spain and her son Charles Louis, portrait by Goya , 1800 Maria Louisa of Spain (Spanish: Maria Luisa) (6 July 1782, San Ildefonso – 13 March 1824, Rome) was a daughter of Charles IV of Spain. ... Charles IV (November 11, 1748 - January 20, 1819) was King of Spain from December 14, 1788 until his abdication on March 19, 1808. ... A Crown Prince or Crown Princess is the heir or heiress apparent to the throne in a royal or imperial monarchy. ... Merchant flag of the Kingdom of Etruria. ... History of Portugal series Prehistoric Portugal Pre-Roman Portugal Roman Lusitania and Gallaecia Visigoths and Suevi Moorish rule and Reconquista First County of Portugal Kingdom of Galicia and Portugal Second County of Portugal Establishment of the Monarchy Consolidation of the Monarchy 1383–1385 Crisis Discoveries Portuguese Empire 1580 Crisis Iberian... Região Norte (pron. ... Combatants Spain United Kingdom Portugal French Empire The Peninsular War was a major conflict during the Napoleonic Wars, fought on the Iberian Peninsula by an alliance of Spain, Portugal, and Britain against the Napoleonic French Empire. ...

After Napoleon's downfall in 1815, the House of Bourbon was not restored to the Duchy of Parma, which was instead given to Napoleon's wife, the Empress Marie Louise. The Congress of Vienna compensated the Bourbons with the Duchy of Lucca, which was given to Charles Louis' mother with Charles Louis as her heir with the title Prince of Lucca. He was also promised the right of succession to Parma upon Marie Louise's death. Also see:  Early Modern France The House of Bourbon is an important European royal house. ... Marie Louise (full name: Maria Ludovica Leopoldina Franziska Therese Josepha Lucia von Habsburg-Lothringen, later after 1817 in Italian Maria Luigia dAsburgo-Lorena, Duchessa di Parma, Piacenza, e Guastalla) (b. ... The Congress of Vienna by Jean-Baptiste Isabey, 1819. ... Duchy of Lucca was an Italian state that was formed in 1815 according to the Congress of Vienna, with capital Lucca. ...

On September 5, 1820, in Lucca, Charles Louis married Princess Maria Teresa of Savoy (1803–1879), daughter of King Victor Emmanuel I of Sardinia). They had two children: September 5 is the 248th day of the year (249th in leap years). ... 1820 was a leap year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Victor Emmanuel I (July 24, 1759–January 10, 1824) was the Duke of Savoy, Piedmont, and Aosta, and King of Sardinia from 1802 to 1821. ...

• Luisa (October 29, 1821–September 8, 1823)
• Charles III, Duke of Parma (1823–1854)

They were a mismatched couple who lived most of their married life apart from each other. October 29 is the 302nd day of the year (303rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... September 8 is the 251st day of the year (252nd in leap years). ... 1823 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Charles III of Parma. ...

Duke of Lucca

On March 13, 1824 Charles Louis' mother died and he succeeded her as as Charles I, Duke of Lucca. For the first few years of his reign he was largely absent from the duchy, leaving its government to his ministers led by Ascanio Mansi. From 1824 to 1827 Charles Louis travelled throughout Italy. From 1827 to 1833 he travelled in Germany where he owned two castles: Uchendorff and Weisstropp (near Dresden). March 13 is the 72nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (73rd in leap years). ... 1824 was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... For other uses, see Dresden (disambiguation). ...

In the early 1830s Charles Louis began to take an increased interest in state affairs. In 1833 he granted a general amnesty in Lucca.

In foreign relations, Charles Louis recognised the King Louis Philippe of France, who had come to power in the July Revolution of 1830. He was also allied with the Carlists in Spain. In 1834, his uncle the Carlist claimant Carlos V made Charles Louis an Infante of Spain. Louis-Philippe of France (October 6, 1773–August 26, 1850), served as the Orleanist king of the French from 1830 to 1848. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Liberty Leading the People by Eugène Delacroix commemorates the July Revolution 1830 (MDCCCXXX) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Carlism is a traditionalist, legitimist political movement in Spain seeking, among other things, the establishment of a separate line of the Bourbon family on the Spanish throne. ... Infante Carlos of Spain Don Carlos María Isidro Benito de Borbón, Infante of Spain (1788-1855) was the second surviving son of King Charles IV of Spain and of his wife, Maria Louisa of Parma. ... In the Spanish and former Portuguese monarchies, Infante (masc. ...

Duke of Parma and abdication

In 1847, the Empress Marie Louise died. Charles Louis succeeded as Charles II, Duke of Parma. The Duchy of Lucca was incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Tuscany.

In 1848, revolution broke out in Parma. On 19 April 1848 Charles abdicated in favor of his son. He lived the rest of his life in France, where he used the title of count of Villafranca. He died at Nice. Italian unification process. ... April 19 is the 109th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (110th in leap years). ... Year 1848 (MDCCCXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Monday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Villafranca is a town located in the province of Navarra, in the autonomous community of Navarra, in the North of Spain. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...

Further reading

Lucarelli, Giuliano. Lo sconcertante duca di Lucca: Carlo Ludovico di Borbone Parma. Lucca: Fazzi, 1986.

Trebiliani, M.L. "Carlo II di Borbone", Dizionario biografico degli italiani, 20: 251-258. Rome: Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana. Text also available in the Dizionario biografico degli Parmigiani.

References