For the Victorian cricketer of the same name, captain-manager of the famous 1868 Aboriginal cricket tour of England, see Charles Lawrence (cricketer) The Aboriginal cricket team at the MCG in 1867. ... Charles Lawrence, (born Dec 16 1828, died Dec 20 1916) a Surrey cricketer, represented England but is most notable as the captain-coach of the Aborigine cricket team that famously toured England in 1868, the first ever tour of England by an Australian team[1]. Lawrence played for Surrey between...

Charles Lawrence (December 14, 1709 – October 19, 1760) was a British military officer who, as lieutenant governor and subsequently governor of Nova Scotia, was responsible for overseeing the expulsion of Acadians from the colony in the Great Upheaval. He was born in Plymouth, England and died in Halifax, Nova Scotia. is the 348th day of the year (349th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... // Events January 12 - Two-month freezing period begins in France - The coast of the Atlantic and Seine River freeze, crops fail and at least 24. ... is the 292nd day of the year (293rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1760 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... A Lieutenant Governor is a government official who is the subordinate or deputy of a Governor or Governor-General. ... For other uses, see Governor (disambiguation). ... Motto: Munit Haec et Altera Vincit(Latin) One defends and the other conquers Capital Halifax Largest city Halifax Regional Municipality Official languages English Government - Lieutenant-Governor Mayann E. Francis - Premier Rodney MacDonald (PC) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament - House seats 11 - Senate seats 10 Confederation July 1, 1867 (1st) Area... The Acadians (French: Acadiens) are the descendants of the 17th-century French colonists who settled in Acadia (located on the northern portion of North Americas east coast). ... The Great Upheaval (le Grand Dérangement), also known as the Great Expulsion, The Deportation or the Acadian Expulsion, was the forced population transfer of the Acadian population from Nova Scotia between 1755 and 1763, ordered by British governor Charles Lawrence and the Nova Scotia Council. ... , Plymouth (Cornish: ) is a city of 243,795 inhabitants (2001 census) in the south-west of England, or alternatively the West Country, and is situated within the traditional and ceremonial county of Devon at the mouths of the rivers Plym and Tamar and at the head of one of the... Motto (French) God and my right Anthem No official anthem specific to England — the anthem of the United Kingdom is God Save the Queen. See also Proposed English National Anthems. ... The City of Halifax was the capital of the province Nova Scotia, and the largest city in Atlantic Canada. ... Motto: Munit Haec et Altera Vincit(Latin) One defends and the other conquers Capital Halifax Largest city Halifax Regional Municipality Official languages English Government - Lieutenant-Governor Mayann E. Francis - Premier Rodney MacDonald (PC) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament - House seats 11 - Senate seats 10 Confederation July 1, 1867 (1st) Area...

Lawrence's background

Lawrence followed his father into a military career. His father was General Charles John Lawrence and is said to have served in Flanders under John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough. Anthem De Vlaamse Leeuw (The Flemish Lion) Location of Belgian Flanders in Europe The Flemish Region Capital Brussels Official languages Dutch1 Recognised regional languages Flemish: Dutch Brussels: French and Dutch Government  -  Minister-President Kris Peeters Area  -  Total 13,522 km²   sq mi  Population  -  2006 [1] census 6,078,600   -  Density... John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough (26 May 1650 – 16 June 1722) (O.S)[1] was an English soldier and statesman whose career spanned the reigns of five monarchs throughout the late 17th and early 18th centuries. ...

Charles Lawrence's earlier life is obscure. He was commissioned in the 11th Regiment of Foot in 1727 and served in the West Indies from 1733 until 1737. He then served in the War Office. He was made lieutenant in 1741 and then captain in 1742. He was wounded in the battle of Fontenoy in 1745. He accompanied his regiment to Nova Scotia, arriving at Louisbourg, Île Royale (Cape Breton Island) in 1747. He built Fort Lawrence on the south bank of the Missaguash River in the fall of 1750. In 1753, he directed the settlement of European Protestants on the coast south of Halifax, Nova Scotia . the behest of Governor William Shirley of Massachusetts, he helped raise forces that under Robert Monckton captured the French Fort Beauséjour (near Sackville, New Brunswick) on June 16, 1755, and Lawrence's involvement with the expulsion of the Acadians was connected to a desire to maintain that conquest. The Caribbean or the West Indies is a group of islands in the Caribbean Sea. ... Combatants Britain United Provinces Hanover France Commanders Duke of Cumberland Maurice, comte de Saxe Strength 50,000[1] 101 guns 60,000 70 guns Casualties 9,000 dead or wounded 3,000 captured 5,600 dead or wounded 400 captured The Battle of Fontenoy (May 11, 1745) near Fontenoy in... British regiment A regiment is a military unit, consisting of a variable number of battalions - commanded by a colonel. ... Motto: Munit Haec et Altera Vincit(Latin) One defends and the other conquers Capital Halifax Largest city Halifax Regional Municipality Official languages English Government - Lieutenant-Governor Mayann E. Francis - Premier Rodney MacDonald (PC) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament - House seats 11 - Senate seats 10 Confederation July 1, 1867 (1st) Area... The City of Halifax was the capital of the province Nova Scotia, and the largest city in Atlantic Canada. ... Motto: Munit Haec et Altera Vincit(Latin) One defends and the other conquers Capital Halifax Largest city Halifax Regional Municipality Official languages English Government - Lieutenant-Governor Mayann E. Francis - Premier Rodney MacDonald (PC) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament - House seats 11 - Senate seats 10 Confederation July 1, 1867 (1st) Area... William Shirley (1694-1771) William Shirley (1694-1771) was the British governor of Massachusetts from 1741 to 1759. ... This article is about the U.S. State. ... Robert Monckton (24 June 1726 – 21 May 1782) was an officer of the British army and a colonial administrator in British North America. ... Fort Beauséjour is a National Historic Site located in Aulac, New Brunswick, Canada. ...

Governor of Nova Scotia

Charles Lawrence was named lieutenant governor of Nova Scotia in late 1753 when Governor Peregrine Thomas Hopson left on November 1 due to health problems. Lawrence was officially sworn in on October 21, 1754, holding this position until 1756, when Hopson resigned the post and Lawrence was made governor. He served as governor until his death in 1760. A Lieutenant Governor is a government official who is the subordinate or deputy of a Governor or Governor-General. ... is the 294th day of the year (295th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

To his new post, he brought considerable distrust of the French. The French Acadians of Nova Scotia had become British subjects by the Treaty of Utrecht (1713), but exhibited no willingness to participate in the British-French quarrels that were ongoing in the region at the time. Lawrence adopted a view that he found in the correspondence of previous governors: that though the Acadians should not be antagonized, they should be required to take an oath of allegiance. In July 1755, he attempted to force a visiting delegation from Minas (Grand Pré region) to take the oath. When the delegation refused to submit without consulting the population they represented, Lawrence imprisoned them. The council then decided the expulsion of individuals refusing the oath was appropriate, and that "it would be most proper to send them to be distributed amongst the Several Colonies on the Continent." Although there was no military plan in Britain mandating the expulsion, Lawrence was never rebuked for acting without orders. The Acadians (French: Acadiens) are the descendants of the 17th-century French colonists who settled in Acadia (located on the northern portion of North Americas east coast). ... A map depicting the major changes in Western Europes borders as a result of the Treaties of Utrecht and Rastatt. ... Combatants France First Nations allies: * Algonquin * Lenape * Wyandot * Ojibwa * Ottawa * Shawnee Great Britain Iroquois Confederacy American Colonies Strength 3,900 regulars 7,900 militia 2,200 natives (1759) 50,000 regulars and militia (1759) Casualties 3,000 killed, wounded or captured 10,400 killed, wounded or captured The French and...

As lieutenant governor, it was he who was responsible for writing the 1755 Acadian deportation order, securing the approval and co-operation of William Shirley, the governor of Massachusetts. Together with the refusal to take the loyalty oath, one of the major reasons for the deportation was that the Acadians continued to trade with the French. The deportation, known to Acadians as the Grand dérangement (see Great Upheaval), was a form of ethnic cleansing; historians estimate that approximately half of all Acadians died as a direct result of it, primarily due to shipwrecks, disease, and exposure. Some survivors eventually reached sanctuary in south Louisiana where they formed the basis for what would become the Cajuns. William Shirley (1694-1771) William Shirley (1694-1771) was the British governor of Massachusetts from 1741 to 1759. ... This article is about the U.S. State. ... The Great Upheaval (le Grand Dérangement), also known as the Great Expulsion, The Deportation or the Acadian Expulsion, was the forced population transfer of the Acadian population from Nova Scotia between 1755 and 1763, ordered by British governor Charles Lawrence and the Nova Scotia Council. ... Ethnic cleansing refers to various policies or practices aimed at the displacement of an ethnic group from a particular territory in order to create a supposedly ethnically pure society. ... Cajuns are an ethnic group mainly living in Louisiana, consisting of the descendants of Acadian exiles and peoples of other ethnicities with whom the Acadians eventually intermarried on the semitropical frontier. ...

As governor of Nova Scotia, Lawrence saw the settlement of the Acadian lands as his most important task. He fell into conflict with merchants like Joshua Mauger, and was the object of formal complaints against him in the form of petitions to the Board of Trade. Lawrence issued proclamations in 1758 and 1759 seeking settlers for the Acadian lands, directed mainly at New Englanders. Since settlers were reluctant to break new forest land, he combined new and old land in each grant; merchants interested chiefly in taking advantage of the lands the expelled Acadians had settled, as well as those interested in using the lands as awards for military veterans, opposed this policy. But Lawrence wrote privately to Lord Halifax that "drunken, dissolute, and abandoned" habits, especially the habit of idleness, made veterans bad settlers. Edward Frederick Lindley Wood, 1st Earl of Halifax, known as Lord Irwin from 1926 until 1934, (1881-1959) was a British Conservative politician. ...

In 1757, Lawrence was further promoted to the title of brigadier general and commanded the successful siege of the French fortress at Louisbourg on Île Royale (Cape Breton Island) in 1758. A Brigadier General, or one-star general, is the lowest rank of general officer in the United States and some other countries, ranking just above Colonel and just below Major General. ... Fortress Louisbourg (in French, Forteresse de Louisbourg) is a Canadian National Historic Site and the location of a partial reconstruction of an 18th century French fortress at Louisbourg, Nova Scotia. ... Nova Scotia peninsula (white), and Cape Breton Island (red) Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, Canada NASA landsat photo of Cape Breton Island Cape Breton Island (French: île du Cap-Breton, Scottish Gaelic: Eilean Cheap Breatuinn, Míkmaq: Únamakika, simply: Cape Breton) is an island on the Atlantic coast of North...

It was during his tenure, but not with his approval, that Nova Scotia had its first elected legislative assembly which met in 1758. This elected body is the oldest representative body in Canada. He is said to have died of pneumonia in 1760, after over-indulging in a local Halifax, Nova Scotia banquet; others report that he died "after catching a chill." He is buried under St. Paul's Church (Halifax) Motto: Munit Haec et Altera Vincit(Latin) One defends and the other conquers Capital Halifax Largest city Halifax Regional Municipality Official languages English Government - Lieutenant-Governor Mayann E. Francis - Premier Rodney MacDonald (PC) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament - House seats 11 - Senate seats 10 Confederation July 1, 1867 (1st) Area... A Legislative Assembly in some parts of the Commonwealth refers to a legislature, or a chamber of the legislature. ... The City of Halifax was the capital of the province Nova Scotia, and the largest city in Atlantic Canada. ... Motto: Munit Haec et Altera Vincit(Latin) One defends and the other conquers Capital Halifax Largest city Halifax Regional Municipality Official languages English Government - Lieutenant-Governor Mayann E. Francis - Premier Rodney MacDonald (PC) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament - House seats 11 - Senate seats 10 Confederation July 1, 1867 (1st) Area... St. ...

After Lawrence's death, the Board of Trade ordered an investigation into complaints against him. He was criticized for approving excessively large land grants and concealing of the true cost of his land policy, but was exonerated from the most serious charges. His role in the expulsion of the Acadians occasioned very little commentary at the time of his demise.

Sources

• Brasseaux, Founding of New Acadia (1987); Brasseaux, Scattered to the Wind (1991); Dominick Graham, Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online (2000); Rushton, The Cajuns (1979).

External links

• Blupete.com biography
• Biography at the Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online
• Bartleby
• Girouard
• Cajun