Charles Stanhope, 3rd Earl Stanhope (August 3, 1753 – December 15, 1816) was a British statesman and scientist. August 3 is the 215th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (216th in leap years), with 150 days remaining. ... 1753 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... December 15 is the 349th day of the year (350th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1816 was a leap year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... The term statesman is a respectful term used to refer to diplomats, politicians, and other notable figures of state. ...

The son of the 2nd Earl Stanhope, he was educated at Eton and the University of Geneva. While in Geneva, he devoted himself to the study of mathematics, and acquired from Switzerland an intense love of liberty. The Kings College of Our Lady of Eton beside Windsor, commonly known as Eton College or just Eton, is a prestigious independent school for boys. ... The University of Geneva (Université de Genève) is one of the oldest universities in the world. ... Geneva (French: Genève, German: Genf, Italian: Ginevra) is the second most populous city in Switzerland, situated where Lake Geneva (French Lac Léman) flows into the Rhône River. ... Mathematics is often defined as the study of topics such as quantity, structure, space, and change. ...

In politics he was a democrat. As Lord Mahon he contested the city of Westminster without success in 1774, when only just of age; but from the general election of 1780 until his accession to the peerage on March 7, 1786 he represented through the influence of Lord Shelburne the Buckinghamshire borough of High Wycombe. During the sessions of 1783 and 1784 he supported William Pitt the Younger, whose sister, Lady Hester Pitt, he married on December 19, 1774. When Pitt strayed from the Liberal principles of his early days, his brother-in-law severed their political connection and opposed the arbitrary measures which the ministry favoured. Lord Stanhope's character was generous, and his conduct consistent; but his speeches were not influential. Democracy (from Greek δημοκρατία (demokratia), δημος (demos) the common people + κρατειν (kratein) to rule + the suffix ία (ia), literally the common people rule) is a system where the population of a society controls the government. ... Westminster is a district within the City of Westminster in London. ... March 7 is the 66th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (67th in Leap years). ... 1786 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... William Petty Fitzmaurice, 1st Marquess of Lansdowne KG PC, (2 May 1737 – 7 May 1805), also known as the Earl of Shelburne (1761–1784), was a British Whig statesman. ... Map of Bucks (1904) Buckinghamshire (abbreviated Bucks) is a county in South East England. ... High Wycombe in the UK High Wycombe, (previously Chepping Wycombe or Chipping Wycombe) South Buckinghamshire, is 29 miles (46. ... The Right Honourable William Pitt, the Younger (28 May 1759–23 January 1806) was a British politician during the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. ... December 19 is the 353rd day of the year (354th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1774 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... This article gives an overview of liberalism in the United Kingdom. ...

He was the chairman of the "Revolution Society," founded in honour of the Glorious Revolution of 1688; the members of the society in 1790 expressed their sympathy with the aims of the French Revolution. In 1794 Stanhope supported Muir, one of the Edinburgh politicians who were transported to Botany Bay; and in 1795 he introduced into the Lords a motion deprecating any interference with the internal affairs of France. In all these points he was hopelessly beaten, and in the last of them he was in a "minority of one"--a sobriquet which stuck to him throughout life--whereupon he seceded from parliamentary life for five years. He was elected a fellow of the Royal Society so early as November 1772, and devoted a large part of his income to experiments in science and philosophy. He invented a method of securing buildings from fire (which, however, proved impracticable), the printing press and the lens which bear his name and a monochord for tuning musical instruments, suggested improvements in canal locks, made experiments in steam navigation in 1795-1797 and contrived two calculating machines. The term Glorious Revolution refers to the generally popular overthrow of James II of England in 1688 by a conspiracy between some parliamentarians and the Dutch stadtholder William III of Orange-Nassau. ... The French Revolution (1789-1799) was a period in the history of France. ... Bicentennial Monument at Botany Bay Botany Bay is a bay in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, a few kilometres south of the central business district. ... This article is about the British House of Lords. ... The premises of the Royal Society in London (first four properties only). ... The printing press is a mechanical device for printing many copies of a text on rectangular sheets of paper. ... A lens. ... A monochord is an ancient musical and scientific laboratory instrument. ... A calculating machine is a machine designed to come up with calculations (i. ...

When he acquired extensive property in Devon, Stanhope projected a canal through that county from the Bristol to the English Channel and took the levels himself. Electricity was another of the subjects which he studied, and the volume of Principles of Electricity which he issued in 1779 contained the rudiments of his theory on the "return stroke" resulting from the contact with the earth of the electric current of lightning, which were afterwards amplified in a contribution to the Philosophical Transactions for 1787. His principal labours in literature consisted of a reply to Edmund Burke's Reflections on the French Revolution (1790) and an Essay on the rights of juries (1792), and he long meditated the compilation of a digest of the statutes. The inner harbour, Brixham, south Devon, at low tide Devon is a large county in South West England, bordering on Cornwall to the west, Dorset and Somerset to the east. ... The location of the Bristol Channel The Severn Bridge and Bristol Channel, looking northwestward from England towards Wales The Bristol Channel coast at Ilfracombe, North Devon, looking west towards Lee Bay The Bristol Channel is a major inlet in the island of Great Britain, separating South Wales from South West... Satellite view of the English Channel The English Channel (French: La Manche, IPA: , the sleeve), also for some time known in England as the British Sea, is the part of the Atlantic Ocean that separates the island of Great Britain from northern France, and joins the North Sea to the... Edmund Burke The Right Honourable Edmund Burke (January 12, 1729 – July 9, 1797) was an Anglo-Irish statesman, author, orator and political philosopher, who served for many years in the British House of Commons as a member of the Whig party. ...

The lean and awkward figure of Lord Stanhope figured in a host of the caricatures of James Sayers and James Gillray, reflecting on his political opinions and his relationship with his children. His first wife died in 1780, and he married in 1781 Louisa, daughter and sole heiress of the Hon. Henry Grenville (governor of Barbados in 1746 and ambassador to the Porte in 1762), a younger brother of the 1st Earl Temple and of George Grenville; who survived him and died in March 1829. By his first wife he had three daughters, one of whom was Lady Hester Stanhope. His youngest daughter, Lady Lucy Rachael Stanhope, eloped with Thomas Taylor of Sevenoaks, the family apothecary, and her father refused to be reconciled to her; but Pitt made Taylor controller-general of the customs, and his son was one of Lord Chatham's executors. His second wife was the mother of three sons. Lord Stanhope died at the family seat of Chevening, and was succeeded as 4th Earl by his son Philip Henry (1781-1855), who inherited many of his scientific tastes, but is best known, perhaps for his association with Kaspar Hauser. James Sayers (or Sayer) (1748 - April 20, 1823) was an English caricaturist. ... James Gillray James Gillray, sometimes spelled Gilray (born August 13, 1757 in Chelsea; died June 1, 1815) was a British caricaturist. ... Synonym of the government of the Ottoman Empire. ... Richard Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville, 1st Duke of Buckingham and Chandos (1776-1839), was the son and successor of George Nugent-Temple-Grenville, 1st Marquess of Buckingham and the grandson of prime minister George Grenville. ... Hester Stanhope Lady Hester Lucy Stanhope (March 12, 1776 - June 23, 1839), the eldest child of Charles Stanhope, 3rd Earl Stanhope by his first wife Lady Hester Pitt, is remembered by history as an intrepid traveller in an age when women were discouraged from being adventurous. ... Sevenoaks is a town in Kent, in south-east England. ... The Earl of Chatham was a peerage given to William Pitt the Elder in 1766, after which he became Lord Privy Seal. ... Chevening, also known as Chevening House, is a country house in Chevening, Kent, in the United Kingdom. ... Kaspar Hauser Kaspar Hauser / Casparus Hauser (April 30?, 1812–December 17, 1833) was a mysterious foundling in 19th century Germany with ties to the royal house of Baden. ...

The title of Earl Stanhope was created in the Peerage of Great Britain in 1718 for James Stanhope, the principal minister of King George I. The title became extinct upon the death of the 7th Earl in 1967. ... Philip Henry Stanhope (1781-1855), 4th Earl Stanhope, was an English aristocrat, member of the House of Lords, famous for his shadowy role in Kaspar Hauser case during 1830s. ...

Reference

• This entry incorporates public domain text originally from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica.