Nymphea from Rariorum plantarum historia

Charles de L'Ecluse, L'Escluse, or Carolus Clusius (Arras, February 19, 1526 - Leiden April 4, 1609), seigneur de Watènes, was the Flemish doctor and pioneering botanist, perhaps the most influential of all 16th century scientific horticulturists. He studied at Montpellier with the famous medical professor Guillaume Rondelet, though he never practiced medicine. In 1573 he was appointed prefect of the imperial medical garden in Vienna by Maximilian II and made Gentleman of the Imperial Chamber. After leaving Vienna in the late 1580s he established himself in Frankfurt am Main, before his appointment as professor at the University of Leiden in 1594. He helped create one of the earliest formal botanical garden of Europe at Leyden, the Hortus Academicus, and his detailed planting lists have made it possible to recreate his garden near where it originally lay. Arras ( Dutch: Atrecht) is a city and commune in northern France, préfecture (capital) of the Pas-de-Calais département. ... February 19 is the 50th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Events January 14 - Treaty of Madrid. ... Leiden (in English also, but now rarely, Leyden) is a city and municipality in South Holland, The Netherlands. ... April 4 is the 94th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (95th in leap years). ... Events April 4 – King of Spain signs an edit of expulsion of all moriscos from Spain April 9 – Spain recognizes Dutch independence May 23 - Official ratification of the Second Charter of Virginia. ... This article is in need of attention. ... Botany is the scientific study of plant life. ... (15th century - 16th century - 17th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 16th century was that century which lasted from 1501 to 1600. ... The Latin words hortus (garden plant) and cultura (culture) together form horticulture, classically defined as the culture or growing of garden plants. ... Maximilian II can refer to: Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor (1527-1576) Maximilian II von und zu Liechtenstein (1641-1709) Maximilian II Emanuel of Bavaria (1662-1726) Maximilian II of Bavaria (1811-1864) Maximilian Egon II von Fürstenberg (1863-1941) This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists... Leiden University in the city of Leiden, is the oldest still existing and most famous university in the Netherlands. ... Events February 27 - France at Rheims. ... Inside the United States Botanic Garden Inside the United States Botanic Garden Inside Kew Gardens Palm House Botanical gardens grow a wide variety of plants both for scientific purposes and for the enjoyment and education of visitors. ... Leiden (in English also, but now rarely, Leyden) is a city and municipality in South Holland, The Netherlands. ...

In the history of gardening he is remembered not only for his scholarship but also for his observations on tulips "breaking" — a phenomenon discovered in the late 19th century to be due to a virus — causing the many different flamed and feathered varieties, which led to the speculative tulipomania of the 1630s. Clusius laid the foundations of Dutch tulip breeding and the bulb industry today. See also subsistence gardening, the art and craft of growing plants, considered as a circumscribed form of individual agriculture. ... This article is about the Tulip bulb plant. ... Three types of viruses: a bacterial virus, otherwise called a bacteriophage (left center); an animal virus (top right); and a retrovirus (bottom right). ... The term tulipomania (alternatively tulip mania) is used metaphorically to refer to any large economic bubble. ... Centuries: 16th century - 17th century - 18th century Decades: 1580s 1590s 1600s 1610s 1620s - 1630s - 1640s 1650s 1660s 1670s 1680s Years: 1630 1631 1632 1633 1634 1635 1636 1637 1638 1639 Events and Trends Thirty Years War in full swing in Europe September 8, 1636 - A vote of the Great and... The Netherlands (Dutch: Nederland) is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands (Dutch: Koninkrijk der Nederlanden). ...

His first publication was a French translation of Rembert Dodoens's herbal, published in Antwerp in 1557 by van der Loë. His 1576 Iberian flora, Rariorum aliquot stirpium per Hispanias observatarum historia, initiated his fruitful collaboration with the renowned Plantin printing press at Antwerp that permitted him to issue late-breaking discoveries in natural history and to ornament his texts with elaborate engravings. Clusius, as he was known to his contemporaries, published two major original works: his Rariorum plantarum historia (1601) is the first record for approximately 100 new species and his Exoticorum libri decem (1605) is an important work on exotic flora, both still often consulted. His 1576 Spanish flora is one of the earliest known books on Spanish flora. He contributed as well to Abraham Ortelius's map of Spain. Clusius translated several contemporary works in natural science. The French Republic or France (French: République française or France) is a country whose metropolitan territory is located in western Europe, and which is further made up of a collection of overseas islands and territories located in other continents. ... Rembert Dodoens ( Malines June 29, 1517 - Leyden March 10, 1585) was a Flemish physician and botanist,also known under his Latinised name Rembertus Dodonaeus. ... An herbal is a book, often illustrated, that describes the appearance, medical properties, and other characteristics of plants used in herbal medicine. ... For other uses, see Antwerp (disambiguation). ... Events Spain is effectively bankrupt. ... The Plantin Press at Antwerp was one of the focal centers of the fine printed book in the 16th century. ... Engraving is the practice of incising a design onto a hard, flat surface, by cutting grooves into it. ... For other uses, see number 1601. ... Events April 13 - Tsar Boris Godunow dies - Feodor II accedes to the throne May 16 - Paul V becomes Pope June 1 - Russian troops in Moscow imprison Feodor II and his mother. ... The Kingdom of Spain or Spain (Spanish and Galician: Reino de España or España; Catalan: Regne dEspanya; Basque: Espainiako Erresuma) is a country located in the southwest of Europe. ... Flora is a collective term for plant life. ... Abraham Ortelius. ... See also Wikipedia:Maps for information on how maps are used in Wikipedia. ...

In botanical naming, the abbreviation Clus. is used to represent him. In biology, binomial nomenclature is a standard convention used for naming species. ...

References

Hunger, Friedrich Wilhelm Tobias. Charles de L’Escluse (Carolus Clusius) Nederlandsch kruidkundige, 1526-1609. 2 vols. The Hague: M. Nijhoff, 1927-43. (Text in Dutch and German, documents in Latin.)

External links

• Biography of Carolus Clusius (http://bc.ub.leidenuniv.nl/bc/scaligerinstitute/clusius/index.html)
• Botanical Garden of Leiden (http://www.leiden.edu/index.php3?c=143)