NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Charles of Lorraine, Duke of Mayenne

Charles de Lorraine, duc de Mayenne, (March 26, 1554 - October 3, 1611), or Charles de Guise, was a French nobleman and military leader. March 26 is the 85th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (86th in leap years). ... Events February 12 - After claiming the throne of England the previous year, Lady Jane Grey is beheaded for treason alongside her husband. ... October 3 is the 276th day of the year (277th in Leap years). ... Events November 1 - At Whitehall Palace in London, William Shakespeares romantic comedy The Tempest is presented for the first time. ...

The second son of Francis of Lorraine, Duke of Guise, he was absent from France at the time of the massacre of St Bartholomew, but took part in the siege of La Rochelle in the following year, when he was created duke and peer of France. He went with Henry of Valois, Duke of Anjou (later Henry III of France), on his election as king of Poland, but soon returned to France to become the energetic supporter and lieutenant of his brother, the 3rd Duke of Guise. Francis, 2nd Duke of Guise (February 17, 1519 - February 24, 1563) was a French soldier and politician. ... The St. ... Cardinal Richelieu at the Siege of La Rochelle. ... The status of Peer of France was held by the greatest and highest-ranking of the French nobility. ... Henry III (French: Henri III; Polish: Henryk III Walezy; September 19, 1551 â€“ August 2, 1589) was King of Poland (1573-1574) and subsequently King of France (1574-1589). ... Henry I, Duke of Guise Henry, 3rd Duke of Guise (January 31, 1550 â€“ December 23, 1588) was the son of Francis, Duke of Guise. ...

In 1577 he gained conspicuous successes over the Huguenot forces in Poitou. As governor of Burgundy he raised his province in the cause of the Catholic League in 1585. The assassination of his brothers at Blois on December 23-24, 1588, left him at the head of the Catholic party. The Venetian ambassador, Mocenigo, states that Mayenne had warned Henry III that there was a plot afoot to seize his person and to send him by force to Paris. At the time of the murder he was at Lyon, where he received a letter from the king saying that he had acted on his warning, and ordering him to retire to his government. Events March 17 - formation of the Cathay Company to send Martin Frobisher back to the New World for more gold May 29 - Publication of the Bergen Book which is better known as the Solid Declaration of the Formula of Concord, one of the Lutheran confessional writings, later condensed into an... In the 16th and 17th centuries, the name of Huguenots came to apply to members of the Protestant Reformed Church of France. ... Poitou was a province of France whose capital city was Poitiers. ... Coat of arms of the 2nd duchy of JOSH GARLAND Burgundy and later of the French province of Burgundy Burgundy (French: Bourgogne) is a historic region of France, inhabited in turn by Pre-Indo-European people, Celts (Gauls), Romans (Gallo-Romans), and various Germanic tribes, most importantly the Burgundians and... The Catholic League was created by Henry of Guise, in 1576 during the French Wars of Religion. ... Events January 12 - The Netherlands adopts the Gregorian calendar Beginning of the Eighth War of Religion in France (also known as the War of the Three Henrys) August 8 - John Davis enters Cumberland Sound in quest for the North West Passage. ... Blois is a city in France, the préfecture (capital) city of the Loir-et-Cher département, situated on the banks of the lower river Loire between Orléans and Tours. ... Events May 12 - Day of the Barricades in Paris. ... The Eiffel Tower has become a symbol of Paris throughout the world. ... City motto: Avant, avant, Lion le melhor. ...

Mayenne professed obedience, but immediately made preparations for marching on Paris. After a vain attempt to recover those of his relatives who had been arrested at Blois, he proceeded to recruit troops in his government of Burgundy and in Champagne. Paris was devoted to the house of Guise and had been roused to fury by the news of the murder. When Mayenne entered the city in February 1589 he found it dominated by representatives of the sixteen quarters of Paris, all fanatics of the League. He formed a council general to direct the affairs of the city and to maintain relations with the other towns faithful to the League. Each quarter sent four representatives, and Mayenne added representatives of the various trades and professions of Paris in order to counterbalance this revolutionary element. He constituted himself "lieutenant-general of the state and crown of France," taking his oath before the parlement of Paris. In April he advanced on Tours. Henry III in his extremity sought an alliance with Henry of Navarre (the future Henry IV of France), and the allied forces drove the leaguers back, and had laid siege to Paris when the murder of Henry III by a Dominican fanatic changed the face of affairs and gave new strength to the Catholic party. Champagne is one of the traditional provinces of France, a region of France that is best known for the production of the sparkling white wine that bears the regions name. ... The House of Guise was a French ducal family, primarily responsible for the French Wars of Religion. ... Events Rebellion of the Catholic League against King Henry III of France, in revenge for his murder of Duke Henry of Guise. ... Parlements (pronounced in French) in ancien régime France — contrary to what their name would suggest to the modern reader — were not democratic or political institutions, but law courts . ... Location within France Tours is a city in France, the prÃ©fecture (capital city) of the Indre-et-Loire dÃ©partement, on the lower reaches of the river Loire, between OrlÃ©ans and the Atlantic coast. ... Henry IV (French: Henri IV) (December 13, 1553 â€“ May 14, 1610), called the Great (French: le Grand), was the first of the Bourbon kings of France, reigning from 1589 until 1610. ... Henry IV (French: Henri IV) (December 13, 1553 â€“ May 14, 1610), called the Great (French: le Grand), was the first of the Bourbon kings of France, reigning from 1589 until 1610. ...

Mayenne was urged to claim the crown for himself, but he was faithful to the official programme of the League and proclaimed Charles, cardinal of Bourbon, at that time a prisoner in the hands of Henry IV, as Charles X of France. Henry IV retired to Dieppe, followed by Mayenne, who joined his forces with those of his cousin Charles, Duke of Aumale, and Charles de Cosse, comte de Brissac, and engaged the royal forces in a succession of fights in the neighbourhood of Arques (September 1589). He was defeated and out-marched by Henry IV, who moved on Paris, but retreated before Mayenne's forces. In 1590 Mayenne received additions to his army from the Spanish Netherlands, and took the field again, only to suffer complete defeat at Ivry (March 14, 1590). He then escaped to Mantes and in September collected a fresh army at Meaux, and with the assistance of Alexander Farnese, Duke of Parma, sent by Philip II of Spain, raised the siege of Paris, which was about to surrender to Henry IV. Mayenne feared with reason the designs of Philip II, and his difficulties were increased by the death of Charles X, the "king of the league." Charles X, King of France and of Navarre (October 9, 1757 – November 6, 1836) was born at the Palace of Versailles. ... Dieppe is a town and commune in the Seine-Maritime département of Haute-Normandie (eastern Normandy), France. ... Arques is the name of several places in France: Arques, a commune of the Aude département Arques, a commune of the Aveyron département Arques, a commune of the Pas-de-Calais département See also: Arques-la-Bataille, a commune of the Seine_Maritime département, along the Arques River This is a... Events March 14 - Battle of Ivry - Henry IV of France again defeats the forces of the Catholic League under the Duc de Mayenne. ... This article or section should be merged with Seventeen Provinces The Spanish Netherlands was a portion of the Low Countries controlled by Spain from the sixteenth to the eighteenth century. ... The Battle of Ivry was fought on March 14, 1590, during the French Wars of Religion. ... March 14 is the 73rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (74th in Leap years) with 292 days remaining in the year. ... Events March 14 - Battle of Ivry - Henry IV of France again defeats the forces of the Catholic League under the Duc de Mayenne. ... Mantes-la-Jolie or Mantes or Mantes-sur-Seine is a commune of northern France, the capital of an arrondissement (sous-préfecture) and the third largest town in the département of Yvelines on the left bank of the Seine, some 30 miles north west of Paris. ... Meaux is a town in the Seine-et-Marne département of France, near the Marne River. ... Alessandro Farnese, Duke of Parma and Piacenza (1545 - 1592) was the son of Duke Ottavio Farnese, duke of Parma and Margaret, the illegitimate daughter of the Habsburg Emperor Charles V. Thus Alessandro was the nephew of Philip II of Spain and of Don John of Austria. ... The Duchy of Parma was a small Italian state between 1545 and 1802, and again from 1814 to 1860. ... Philip II ofSpain (Spanish: Felipe II) - (May 21, 1527 â€“ September 13, 1598), the first King of Spain understood as the whole peninsula of Hispania (r. ... Siege of Paris Conflict Franco-Prussian War Date September 19, 1870 – January 28, 1871 Place Paris, France Result German victory The Siege of Paris lasting from September 19, 1870 – January 28, 1871 was the final defeat of the French Army during the Franco-Prussian War. ...

The extreme section of the party, represented by the Sixteen, urged him to proceed to the election of a Catholic king and to accept the help and the claims of their Spanish allies. Mayenne lacked the popular gifts of his brother, the Duke of Guise, and had no sympathy with the demagogues, inclining to the moderate side of his party, which began to urge reconciliation with Henry IV. He maintained the ancient forms of the constitution against the revolutionary policy of the Sixteen, who during his absence from Paris took the law into their own lands and in November 1591 executed one of the leaders of the more moderate party, Barnabe Brisson, president of the parlement. He returned to Paris and executed four of the chief malcontents. The power of the Sixteen diminished from that time, but with it the strength of the League. Events June - Capture of Zutphen by the Dutch under Maurice of Nassau. ...

Mayenne entered into negotiations with Henry IV while he was still appearing to consider with Philip II the succession to the French crown of the Infanta Elizabeth, granddaughter, through her mother Elizabeth of Valois, of Henry II of France. He demanded that Henry IV complete his conversion to Catholicism before he was recognized by the leaguers. He also desired the continuation to himself of the high offices which had accumulated in his family and the reservation of their provinces to his relatives among the leaguers. In 1593 he summoned the States General to Paris and placed before them the claims of the Infanta, but they protested against foreign intervention. Mayenne signed a truce at La Villette on July 31, 1593. The internal dissensions of the league continued to increase, and the principal chiefs submitted. Mayenne finally made his peace only in October 1595. Henry IV allowed him the possession of Chalon-sur-Saône, of Seurre and Soissons for three years, made him governor of the Isle of France and paid a large indemnity. Elizabeth of Valois (April 2, 1545 – October 3, 1568) was a daughter of Henry II of France and Catherine de Medici. ... Henry II (French: Henri II) (March 31, 1519 – July 10, 1559), a member of the Valois Dynasty, was King of France from July 31, 1547 until his death. ... Events May 18 - Playwright Thomas Kyds accusations of heresy lead to an arrest warrant for Christopher Marlowe. ... In France under the ancien gime, the States-General or Estates-General (in French: tats-G raux), was an assembly of the different classes of French citizenry. ... Villette is a novel by Charlotte Brontë. ... July 31 is the 212th day (213th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 153 days remaining, as the final day of July. ... Events May 18 - Playwright Thomas Kyds accusations of heresy lead to an arrest warrant for Christopher Marlowe. ... Events January 30 - William Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet is performed for the first time May 24 - Nomenclator of Leiden University Library appears, the first printed catalog of an institutional library. ... Chalon-sur-SaÃ´ne is part of the Burgundy region, it was once a well known river port, as a point to distribute local wines up and down the SaÃ´ne river. ... The city of Soissons in the Aisne dÃ©partement, Picardie, France on the Aisne River is about 60 miles northeast of Paris and is one of the most ancient cities of France, and is probably the ancient capital of the Suessiones. ... See Ile de France for some other meanings that may have been confused with Île-de-France (note the circumflex accent). ...

References

A Histoire de la vie et de la mort du duc de Mayenne appeared at Lyon in 1618.
See also JBH Capefigue, Hist, de la Reforme, de la ligue et du regne de Henri IV (8 vols., 1834-1835) and the literature dealing with the house of Guise.

Jean-Baptiste HonorÃ© Raymond Capefigue (1801 - December, 1872), was a French historian and biographer. ... The House of Guise was a French ducal family, primarily responsible for the French Wars of Religion. ...

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