Chartwell

For the suburb of Johannesburg, South Africa, see Chartwell, South Africa

Chartwell, located two miles south of Westerham, Kent, England, was the home of Sir Winston Churchill. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1280x960, 485 KB) A photograph of Churchills former home, Chartwell, in Kent on August 9 2005, at 1308 BST. Ive self-PDed it. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1280x960, 485 KB) A photograph of Churchills former home, Chartwell, in Kent on August 9 2005, at 1308 BST. Ive self-PDed it. ... A map of Johannesburg indicating regions and freeways. ... City motto: Unity in Development Province Gauteng Mayor Amos Masondo Area  - % water 1,644 km² 0. ... Chartwell is a suburb of Johannesburg, South Africa. ... Westerham is a scenic village which is now almost a town. ... Kent is a county in England, south-east of London. ... Motto: (French for God and my right) Anthem: God Save the King/Queen Capital London Largest city London Official language(s) English (de facto) Unification    - by Athelstan AD 927  Area    - Total 130,395 km² (1st in UK)   50,346 sq mi  Population    - 2005 est. ... This article is becoming very long. ...

Churchill and his wife Lady Clementine Churchill bought the property in 1922 and retained it until his death in 1965. He employed architect Philip Tilden to modernise and extend the somewhat featureless brick house^[1] that stood on the property. Tilden transformed the house between 1922 and 1924, simplifying and modernising it, as well as allowing more light into the house through large casement windows, working in the gently vernacular tradition that is familiar in the early houses of Edwin Lutyens, a style stripped of literal Tudorbethan historicizing details but retaining multiple gables with stepped gable-ends, and windows in strips set in expanses of warm pink brick hung with climbers. Clementine Ogilvy Spencer-Churchill, Baroness Spencer-Churchill, GBE (April 1, 1885 – December 12, 1977) (née Clementine Ogilvy Hozier) was the wife of Sir Winston Churchill. ... 1922 (MCMXXII) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1965 (MCMLXV) was a common year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1965 calendar). ... Architect at his drawing board, 1893 An Ciara Danille Bowers is a person who is involved in the planning, designing and oversight of a buildings construction. ... Sir Edwin Landseer Lutyens, OM, KCIE (29 March 1869 – 1 January 1944) was arguably the greatest British architect of the 20th century[citation needed]. He designed many English country houses and was instrumental in the design and building of New Delhi. ... The Tudorbethan Revival which manifested itself in domestic architecture in the United Kingdom in the20th century, and was also of influence in some other countries. ...

Like many such early twentieth-century remakings of old houses, the immediate grounds, which fall away behind the house, were shaped into overlapping rectilinear terraces and garden plats, in lawn and mixed herbaceous gardens linked by steps descending to lakes that Churchill created by a series of small dams, the water garden where he fed his fish, Lady Churchill's Rose Garden and the Golden Rose Walk, a Golden Wedding anniversary gift from their children. The garden areas provided inspiration for Churchill's paintings, many of which are on display in the house's garden studio. A garden pond. ... See: The White House Rose Garden. ... The Mona Lisa is one of the most recognizable artistic paintings in the Western world. ...

During the Second World War, the house was mostly unused. Its relatively exposed position so near to German-occupied France meant it was potentially vulnerable to a German airstrike or commando-style raid. The Churchills instead spent their weekends at the prime minister's official country residence Chequers. Chequers, or Chequers Court, is a large house to the south east of Aylesbury in Buckinghamshire, England, that sits at the foot of the Chiltern Hills. ...

The house has been preserved as it would have looked when Churchill owned it. Rooms are carefully decorated with memorabilia and gifts, the original furniture and books, as well as honours and medals that Churchill received.

The property is currently under the administration of the National Trust. Chartwell was bought by a group of Churchill's friends in 1947, with the Churchills paying a nominal rent, but was not open to the public until it was presented to the nation in 1966, the year after Churchill's death. The standard of the National Trust The National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty, usually known as The National Trust, is a British preservation organization. ... 1966 (MCMLXVI) was a common year starting on Saturday (the link is to a full 1966 calendar). ...

Previous owners

• William At Well (during the reign of Edward III)
• Potter (1611)
• Rivers
• Smith
• Whitby (1616)
• Bridger (1664)
• Ellison
• Campbell-Colquhoun Family (1845 to 1922)

Edward III (13 November 1312 – 21 June 1377) was one of the most successful English kings of medieval times. ... Events June 23 - Henry Hudsons crew maroons him, his son and 7 others in a boat November 1 - At Whitehall Palace in London, William Shakespeares romantic comedy The Tempest is presented for the first time. ... == {| align=right cellpadding=3 id=toc style=margin-left: 15px; |- | align=center colspan=2 | Years: 1613 1614 1615 - 1616 - 1617 1618 1619 |- | align=center colspan=2 | Decades: 1580s 1590s 1600s - 1610s - 1620s 1630s 1640s |- tall> 16th century - 17th century - 18th century |} randomised 1616 was a leap year starting on Friday... Events March 12 - New Jersey becomes a colony of England. ... 1845 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1922 (MCMXXII) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ...

Notes

1. ^ A vernacular farmhouse had been extended in manor house fashion in the nineteenth century

See also

• Blenheim Palace (Churchill's birthplace)
• Churchill Museum and Cabinet War Rooms (London)

Blenheim Palace, The Great Court. ... The public entrance to the Churchill Museum and Cabinet War Rooms is a small hole on the corner of a very grand building. ...

External links

• Chartwell information at the National Trust
• Douglas J. Hall, "Chartwell Revisited"