Chatham is the name of an English town that developed around an important naval dockyard on the east bank of the River Medway in the county of Kent. Together with Rochester, Gillingham and Strood it is part of a conurbation called the Medway Towns, having a combined population of about 250,000. Chatham dockyard ceased to operate as a naval base in 1984. Part of it became a historic site and the rest has been developed as a commercial marina.

The Royal School of Military Engineering is in Brompton, part of Chatham. A museum dedicated to the history of the Royal Engineers can be found in neighbouring Gillingham.

The town has recently been associated with Chavs a word describing a set of fashions and taste assiociated with white, working class young people.

The town's Association Football club, Chatham Town F.C., plays in the Southern League Division One East.