Нохчийн Республика Нохчийчоь
Chechen Republic of Ichkeria

Flag Coat of Arms
Official language	Chechen
Capital	Grozny (Dzhokharabad, after 1996)
President	Doku Umarov
Independence  – Declared  – Recognition	From Russia  – November 1, 1991  – Georgian Republic
National anthem	Death or Freedom

The Chechen Republic of Ichkeria IPA: [ɪtʃkɚˈiːə] (Нохчийн Республика Нохчийчоь) is the unrecognized secessionist government of Chechnya. Bordering Stavropol Krai to the northwest, the republic of Dagestan to the northeast and east, Georgia to the south, and the republics of Ingushetia and North Ossetia to the west, Chechnya is located in the Northern Caucasus mountains. Image File history File links Flag_of_Chechen_Republic_of_Ichkeria. ... The coat of arms of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria The ChRI presidents site File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Chechen Republic flag since 2004 The flag of Chechnya is a rectangle with sides in the ratio 2:3, the same ratio as the flag of the Russian Federation. ... An official language is a language that is given a privileged legal status in a state, or other legally-defined territory. ... The Chechen language has about 1,200,000 speakers, most of whom live in Russia. ... In politics, a capital (also called capital city or political capital — although the latter phrase has a second meaning based on an alternative sense of capital) is the principal city or town associated with a countrys government. ... Grozny or Groznyy (Russian: ) is the capital of the Chechen Republic in Russia. ... This is a list of Presidents of the unrecognised Chechen Republic of Ichkeria, a separatist movement that controlled most of Chechnya from 1991 to 1999 (see First Chechen War, Second Chechen War). ... Doku Umarov is the President of the separatist Chechen Republic of Ichkeria. ... November 1 is the 305th day of the year (306th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 60 days remaining. ... 1991 (MCMXCI) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... A national anthem is a generally patriotic musical composition that is evoking and eulogizing the history, traditions and struggles of its people, recognized either by a nations government as the official national song, or by convention through use by the people. ... Anthem of the Chechen Republic was the national anthem of the separatist Chechen Republic of Ichkeria. ... For information on how to read IPA transcriptions of English words see here. ... The examples and perspective in this article or section may not represent a worldwide view. ... Capital Grozny Area - total - % water Ranked 80th - 15,300 km² - negligible Population - Total - Density Ranked 49th - est. ... Stavropol Krai (Russian: ) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai). ... The Republic of Dagestan IPA: (Russian: ), older spelling Daghestan, is a federal subject of the Russian Federation (a republic). ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The Republic of North Ossetia-Alania (Russian: Респу́блика Се́верная Осе́тия-Ала́ния; Ossetic: Цæгат Иры&#1089... Southern Federal District (Northern Caucasus) is one of the seven federal districts of Russia. ...

1991-1994

In November 1990, Dzhokhar Dudaev was elected head of the Executive Committee of the unofficial opposition All-National Congress of the Chechen People, which advocated sovereignity for Chechnya as a separate republic within the Soviet Union. This vote was reaffirmed by a referendum in October 1991, after the fall of the Soviet Union. This article is about the year. ... Dzhokhar Dudaev and his son Dzhokhar Dudaev and his family Dzhokhar Musayevich Dudayev (Chechen Latin: Dzoxar Dudayev; Cyrillic: Джоха́р Муса́евич Дуда́ев, 15 April 1944 – 21 April 1996) was a Soviet Air Force general and a Chechen leader, the first president of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria, an unrecognized breakaway state in the North... The All-National Congress of the Chechen People (NCChP) of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria came to power on November 1, 1991 under president Dzhokhar Dudayev, a former commander of the Soviet air force base in Tartu, Estonia. ... Sovereignty is the exclusive right to exercise supreme authority over a geographic region or group of people, such as a nation or a tribe. ... Ballots of the Argentine plebiscite of 1984 on the border treaty with Chile A referendum (plural: referendums or referenda) or plebiscite (from Latin plebiscita, originally a decree of the Concilium Plebis) is a direct vote in which an entire electorate is asked to either accept or reject a particular proposal. ... 1991 (MCMXCI) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The rise of Gorbachev Although reform stalled between 1964–1982, the generational shift gave new momentum for reform. ...

Dudayev, in his new position as president of "Ichkeria", unilaterally declared the republic's sovereignty and its secession from Russia. Not recognized by any government except Georgia under Zviad Gamsakhurdia, this entity has maintained an unstable existence, due in part to constant threats of invasions from Russia. Official language Chechen Capital Grozny President Abdul-Khalim Sadulayev Area  â€“ Total  â€“ % water Ranked 107th  99,274 km²  0. ... Zviad Gamsakhurdia Zviad Konstantines dze Gamsakhurdia (Georgian: ზვიად კონსტანტინეს ძე გამსახურდია) (March 31, 1939 - December 31, 1993) was a dissident, scientist and writer, who became the first democratically elected President of the Republic of Georgia in the post-Soviet era. ...

1994-1996

See First Chechen War Combatants Russian Federation Chechen Republic of Ichkeria Commanders Pavel Grachev Aslan Maskhadov Strength Peaking at 45,000 3,000 regulars, thousands of irregulars The First Chechen War (Russian: первая чеченская война) occurred when Russian forces attempted to stop the southern republic of Chechnya from seceding in a two year period lasting from 1994...

1996-1999

After the war, parliamentary and presidential elections took place in January 1997 and brought to power Aslan Maskhadov, chief of staff and prime minister in the Chechen coalition government, for a five-year term. The Islamic Republic of Ichkeria was proclaimed in 1998 and the sharia system of justice was introduced. States currently utilizing parliamentary systems are denoted in red and orange—the former being constitutional monarchies where authority is vested in a parliament, and the latter being parliamentary republics whose parliaments are effectively supreme over a separate head of state. ... An election is a process in which a vote is held to choose amongst candidates to fill an office, or amongst political parties offering a slate of potential office holders for a house of representatives. ... 1997 (MCMXCVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Aslan Maskhadov Aslan Aliyevich Maskhadov (Russian: Аслан Алиевич Масхадов) (September 21, 1951 – March 8, 2005) was a leader of the separatist movement in the southern Russian republic of Chechnya. ... A prime minister is the most senior minister of a cabinet in the executive branch of government in a parliamentary system. ... A coalition is an alliance among entities, during which they cooperate in joint action, each in their own self-interest. ... 1998 (MCMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year of the Ocean. ... Sharia ( translit: ) refers to the body of Islamic law. ...

Aslan Maskhadov tried to concentrate power in his hands to establish authority, but failed to create an effective state or a functioning economy. The situation gradually slid out of the control of the government, and the republic descended into chaos. The war ravages and lack of economic opportunities left large numbers of heavily armed and brutalized former guerillas with no occupation but further violence. A growing epidemic of kidnappings, robberies, and murders of fellow Chechens and outsiders, most notably the beheading of four employees of British Granger Telecom in 1998, put an end to possibilities of outside investment. Maskhadov proved unable to guarantee the security of the oil pipeline running across Chechnya from the Caspian Sea, and illegal oil tapping and acts of sabotage deprived his regime of crucial revenues and exasperated his allies in Moscow. Guerrilla (also called a partisan) is a term borrowed from Spanish (from guerra meaning war) used to describe small combat groups. ... An elevated section of the Alaska Pipeline Pipeline transport is a transportation of goods through a tube. ... The Caspian Sea is the largest lake on Earth by both area and volume,[1] with a surface area of 371,000 square kilometres (143,244 mi²) and a volume of 78,200 cubic kilometres (18,761 mi³).[2] It is a landlocked endorheic body of water and lies between... Sabotage is a deliberate action aimed at weakening an enemy through subversion, obstruction, disruption, and/or destruction. ... Location Position of Moscow in Europe Government Country District Subdivision Russia Central Federal District Federal City Mayor Yuriy Luzhkov Geographical characteristics Area  - City 1,081 km² Population  - City (2005)    - Density 10,415,400   8537. ...

Since 1999

See Second Chechen War Combatants Russian Federation Chechen Republic of Ichkeria Strength At least 93,000 in 1999 10,000 to 20,000 in 1999 (mostly militias) Casualties Unknown, at least 4,600 killed by October 2002[1] Hundreds of civilians. ...

Politics

Since the declaration of independence in 1991, there has been an ongoing battle between secessionist officials and federally appointed officials. Both claim authority over the same territory. A declaration of independence is a proclamation of the independence of an aspiring state or states. ...

Since the fall of Grozny in 2000 some of the Ichkerian government is based in exile, including in the Arab countries, Poland, United States and United Kingdom. Grozny or Groznyy (Russian: ) is the capital of the Chechen Republic in Russia. ... This article is about the year 2000. ... A government in exile is a political group that claims to be a countrys legitimate government, but for various reasons is unable to exercise its legal power, and instead resides in a foreign country. ... The Arab states include 22 countries spanning Asia and Africa. ...

See also

• History of Chechnya
• Chechenpress
• List of unrecognized countries

// Early history Chechen society has traditionally been organized around many autonomous local clans, called teips. ... News agency of Chechen Republic of Ichkeria. ... Several geo-political entities in the world have no general international recognition, but they want to be recognized as sovereign states. ...

External links

• 10 years ago Russian special forces killed Chechnya's self-proclaimed president, Dzhokhar Dudayev Moscow News
• EP:The Background of Chechen Independence Movement V: The Dagestan Provocation
• FMSO: A Tale of Two Theaters: Russian Actions in Chechnya in 1994 and 1999
• Text of the Peace Treaty
• ASF, Edvard Kline, Chechen History
• Kennan Institute, Mikhail Alexseev, The North Caucasus Conflict and its Implications for Russia
• Global Politician, David Storobin, The Chechen fight for independence
• The Time's cover on Chechnya, 2003