Cheirogaleidae is the family strepsirrhine primates that contains the various dwarf lemurs and mouse-lemurs. Like all other lemurs, cheirogaleids live exclusively on the island of Madagascar.

Cheirogaleids are smaller than the other lemurs and, in fact, they are the smallest primates. They have a soft, long fur colored grey_brown to reddish on top with a generally brighter underbelly. Typically they have small ears, large, close set eyes, and long hind legs. Like all strepsirrhines they have fine claws at the second toe of the hind legs. They grow to a size of only 13 to 28 cm, with a tail that is very long, sometimes up to one and a half times as long as the body.

Dwarf lemurs and mouse_lemurs are nocturnal and arboreal. They are excellent climbers and can also jump far, using their long tail for balance. When on the ground (a rare occurance) they move by hopping on their hind legs. They spend the day in tree hollows or home-made nests. Cheirogaleids are typically solitary but sometimes live together in pairs.

Some species (such as the Western Fat-tailed Dwarf Lemur) store fat at the hind legs and the base of the tail and hibernate.

Cheirogaleids are omnivores, eating fruits, flowers and leaves (and sometimes nectar) as well as insects, spiders and small vertebrates.

The females usually have three pair of nipples. After a meager 60 day gestation, they will bare two to four (usually two or three) young. After five to six weeks these are weaned and become fully mature near the end of their first year or sometime in their second year, depending on the species. In human care, they can live for up to 15 years, although their life expectancy in the wild is probably significantly shorter.

Classification

• Superfamily Cheirogaleoidea
  • Family Cheirogaleidae
    • Genus Cheirogaleus: dwarf lemurs
      • C. medius group
        • Western Fat-tailed Dwarf Lemur, Cheirogaleus medius
        • Southern Fat-tailed Dwarf Lemur, Cheirogaleus adipicaudatus
      • C. major group
        • Greater Dwarf Lemur, Cheirogaleus major
        • Furry-eared Dwarf Lemur, Cheirogaleus crossleyi
        • Lesser Iron Gray Dwarf Lemur, Cheirogaleus minusculus
        • Greater Iron Gray Dwarf Lemur, Cheirogaleus ravus
        • Sibree's Dwarf Lemur, Cheirogaleus sibreei
    • Genus Microcebus: mouse-lemurs
      • Gray Mouse-lemur, Microcebus murinus
      • Red Mouse-lemur, Microcebus rufus
      • Golden Mouse-lemur, Microcebus ravelobensis
      • Pygmy Mouse-lemur, Microcebus myoxinus
      • Berthe's Mouse-lemur, Microcebus berthae
      • Sambirano Mouse-lemur, Microcebus sambiranensis
      • Northern Rufous Mouse-lemur, Microcebus tavaratra
    • Genus Mirza
      • Giant Mouse-lemur or Coquerel's Mouse-lemur, Mirza coquereli
    • Genus Allocebus
      • Hairy-eared Dwarf Mouse-lemur, Allocebus trichotis
    • Genus Phaner: fork-crown lemurs
      • Masoala Fork-crowned Lemur, Phaner furcifer
      • Western Fork-crowned Lemur, Phaner pallescens
      • Sambirano Fork-crowned Lemur, Phaner parienti
      • Amber Mountain Fork-crowned Lemur, Phaner electromontis