NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Cheju Province, South Korea

Jeju-do is the smallest province of South Korea, situated on, and coterminous with, the country's largest island. Jeju-do lies in the Korea Strait, southwest of Jeollanam-do Province, of which it was a part before it became a separate province in 1946. Its capital is Jeju City. The Revised Romanization of Korean is the official Korean language romanization system in South Korea. ... McCune-Reischauer romanization is one of the two most widely used Korean language romanization systems, along with the Revised Romanization of Korean, which replaced (a modified) McCune-Reischauer as the official romanization system in South Korea in 2000. ... Hangul is the native alphabet used to write the Korean language, as opposed to the hanja system borrowed from China. ... Hanja, or hanmun, sometimes translated as Sino-Korean characters, are what Chinese characters (hanzi) are called in Korean. ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Estimation is approximate or uncertain calculation of a result, often based on approximate, uncertain, incomplete, or noisy inputs. ... -1... Square kilometre (US spelling: Square kilometer), symbol km², is an SI unit of surface area. ... In politics, a capital (also called capital city or political capital â€” although the latter phrase has an alternative meaning based on an alternative meaning of capital) is the principal city or town associated with its government. ... Jeju City (Jeju-si) is the capital of Jeju Province in South Korea and the largest city on Jeju Island. ... Korea has traditionally been divided into a number of unofficial regions that reflect historical, geographical, and dialect boundaries within the peninsula. ... The Korean language is spoken in a number of different dialects around the Korean peninsula. ... Jeju dialect is the dialect used on the island of Jeju in Korea, with the exception of Chuja. ... Map showing location of Jeju Island, drawn myself. ... This article describes the historical evolution of Koreas provinces (Do ; Hangul: 도; Hanja: 道). ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Jeollanam-do (South Jeolla) is a province in the southwest of South Korea. ... 1946 (MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday. ... Jeju City (Jeju-si) is the capital of Jeju Province in South Korea and the largest city on Jeju Island. ...

Names

In Korean, do is the phonetic trancription of two distinct Chinese characters meaning, respectively, "island" (島) and "province" (道). Thus, Jejudo or Jeju-do can refer to either the island or the government administrative unit. The table below also includes the name of Jeju City, the provincial capital. æ¼¢å— hÃ nzÃ¬, hanja, kanjiâ€¦ in Traditional Chinese and other languages. ...

Historically, the island has been called by many different names including: Hangul is the native alphabet used to write the Korean language, as opposed to the hanja system borrowed from China. ... Hanja, or hanmun, sometimes translated as Sino-Korean characters, are what Chinese characters (hanzi) are called in Korean. ...

Before the year 2000, when the Seoul government changed the official Romanization of Hangul (the Korean alphabet), Jeju-do was spelled "Cheju-do". Almost all written references to the island before 2000 use that spelling. This article is about the year 2000. ... There are three commonly used romanization schemes for the Korean Hangul script, namely: Revised Romanization of Korean: official in South Korea since 2000 and quite common on the Internet; McCune-Reischauer: formerly official in South Korea and a variation of which is currently official in North Korea, and common in... Hangul is the native alphabet used to write the Korean language, as opposed to the hanja system borrowed from China. ...

Natural history

Jeju Island – formerly known to Europeans as Quelpart – is a volcanic island, dominated by Halla-san: a volcano 1,950 metres high and the highest mountain in South Korea. Eruption redirects here. ... Halla-san (한라산) is an extinct volcano on Jeju Island of South Korea. ...

The island was created entirely from volcanic eruptions hundreds of millions of years ago, and consists chiefly of basalt and lava. It has a subtropical climate, warmer than the rest of Korea, with four distinct seasons. Half of the summer is rainy, and the winter is fairly dry. Subtropical climate is the form of climate found immediately poleward of the zone of tropical climate. ...

History

Jeju-do was an independent country called Tamna (耽羅) until it became a protectorate of Silla in 662. In 938, after the fall of Silla, Tamna became a protectorate of Goryeo. In 1105 Tamna lost its autonomy and became a province of Goryeo. It was King Euijong of Goryeo who changed the island's name from Tamna to Jeju. The kingdom of Tamna or Tamna guk ruled Jeju Island from ancient times until it was absorbed by the Korean Joseon Dynasty in 1404. ... Silla (also denoted as Shilla) was one of the three kingdoms of ancient Korea. ... Events The regent Grimuald usurps the kingship of the Lombards, driving Perctarit into exile and killing Godepert Births Kakinomoto no Hitomaro, Japanese poet (approximate date) Deaths Maximus the Confessor, Byzantine theologian Godepert, king of the Lombards Categories: 662 ... Events Lioa Dynasty took over Peking naming it as their South Palace [Nanjing] Births Hugh Capet, King of France (d. ... The state of Goryeo ruled Korea from the fall of Silla in 935 until the founding of Joseon in 1392. ... Events Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor deposed by his son, Henry V Tamna kingdom annexed by Korean Goryeo Dynasty. ... King Euijong of Goryeo of the Goryeo Dynasty, Korea was King of Goryeo (1146-1170). ...

In 1271, Jeju became the base of the Sambyeolcho Rebellion against the Mongols. After Sambyeolcho was defeated in 1273, the Mongols placed Jeju under direct rule, and it became Goryeo territory again in 1367. For broader historical context, see 1270s and 13th century. ... The Sambyeolcho Rebellion (1270-1273) was a Korean rebellion against the Goryeo Dynasty during the Mongol invasion. ... Honorary guard of Mongolia. ... For broader historical context, see 1270s and 13th century. ... Events Battle of Najera, Peter I of Castile restored as King. ...

When Korea was colonized by Japan in 1910, Jeju became known as Saishu, which is the Japanese reading of the hanja for Jeju. After the defeat of the Japanese, Jeju became an official part of the new Republic of Korea. Jeju was then a part of Jeolla until 1946, when it became a province of its own.-1... Jeolla (Jeolla-do) was one of the eight provinces of Korea during the Joseon Dynasty. ... 1946 (MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday. ...

In a series of events over several years, known as the Jeju massacre, tens of thousands of people were killed. The cause is still disputed. The Jeju massacre or the Cheju April 3rd massacre happened as a result of suppression against armed rebellion in Jeju island, South Korea, during the period of April 3, 1948 to September 21, 1954. ...

Historically, the people of Jeju Island have been the victim of discrimination owing to its location and isolation. The history of Jeju has been largely omitted from South Korean history books and textbooks.

Society and culture

Because of the relative isolation of the island, the people of Jeju Island have developed a culture that is distinct from that of mainland Korea. Jeju is home to thousands of local legends. Perhaps the most distinct cultural artifact is the ubiquitous harubang ("stone grandfather") carved from a block of lava. Harubang, a grandfather carved in lava rock. ... Harubang, a grandfather carved in lava rock. ...

Another distinct aspect of Jeju-do is the matriarchal family structures, found especially in Udo and Mara, but also present in the rest of the province. The best-known example of this is the haenyo (해녀, literally "sea women"), who are often the heads of family. They earn their living from diving to great depths without scuba gear in order to harvest abalone, conch, and a myriad of other marine products. Matriarchy is a form of society in which power is with the women and especially with the mothers of a community. ... The haenyo (í•´ë…€), literally meaning sea women, are female divers in the Korean province Jeju. ... SCUBA is an acronym for Self-Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus. ... A piece of abalone shell The outside of an abalone shell The inside surface of an abalone shell The raw meat of abalone Abalone is the American English variant of the Spanish name [AbulÃ³n] used for various species of shellfish (mollusks) from the Haliotidae family (genus Haliotis). ... Species See text The genus Strombus is made up of the true conches (pronounced Konk) in the family Strombidae. ...

Administrative divisions

Jeju Province is divided into two cities ("Si" or "Shi") and two counties ("Gun"). The two cities are further divided into thirty-one neighbourhoods ("Dong"), while the two counties are divided into seven towns ("Eup") and five districts ("Myeon"). The seven towns and five districts are in turn divided into 551 villages ("Ri").

Listed below are the English, Hangul, and Hanja names of the province's two cities and two counties. In 2005, Jeju residents approved by referendum a proposal to merge these entities into one, which will be directly administered by the provincial government. This is part of plans to create the Jeju International Free City. ^[1] Hangul is the native alphabet used to write the Korean language, as opposed to the hanja system borrowed from China. ... Hanja, or hanmun, sometimes translated as Sino-Korean characters, are what Chinese characters (hanzi) are called in Korean. ...

Cities

Jeju City (Jeju-si) is the capital of Jeju Province in South Korea and the largest city on Jeju Island. ... Seogwipo is a city in Jeju Province, South Korea. ...

Counties

Bukjeju County (Bukjeju-gun; North Jeju County) is a county in Jeju Province, South Korea. ... Namjeju County (Namjeju-gun; South Jeju County) is a county in Jeju Province, South Korea. ...

Symbols

Clivia miniata bears bright orange flowers. ... This article is about the plant. ... The coniferous Coast Redwood, the tallest tree species on earth A tree can be defined as a large, perennial, woody plant. ... Binomial name Cinnamomum camphora (L.) Sieb. ... Orders Many - see section below. ... Genera Jynx Picumnus Sasia Nesoctites Melanerpes Sphyrapicus Xiphidiopicus Campethera Geocolaptes Dendropicos Dendrocopos Picoides Veniliornis Piculus Colaptes Celeus Dryocopus Campephilus Picus Dinopium Chrysocolaptes Gecinulus Sapheopipo Blythipicus Reinwardtipicus Meiglyptes Hemicircus Mulleripicus Woodpeckers are near passerine birds of the order Piciformes. ...

Economy

The projected size of the 2006 budget will be $1.11 billion (1.11 trillion won), an increase of 10% over the year before of $1.005 billion (1.005 trillion won). The total size of the economy in 2006 is projected to be $8.48 billion, or 8.48 trillion won, with a GDP per capita of approximately $15,000. World Opponent Network or WON was an online gaming service, created by Sierra Games as the Sierra Internet Gaming System (SIGS). ... ...

Sister provinces

Jeju's international sister provinces are also islands: Hainan Province (People's Republic of China), Hawaii (US), Sakhalin (Russia), and Bali (Indonesia). Not to be confused with the unrelated provinces of Henan and Hunan Hainan (海南; pinyin: Hǎinán) is a province of the Peoples Republic of China, located at the southern end of the country. ... Official language(s) Hawaiian and English Capital Honolulu Largest city Honolulu Area - Total - Width - Length - % water - Latitude - Longitude Ranked 43rd 28,337 kmÂ² n/a km 2,450 km 41. ... Wikiquote has a collection of quotations by or about: United States Wikinews has news related to this article: United States United States government CIA World Factbook Entry for United States House. ... Sakhalin is a large elongated island in the North Pacific, lying between 45Â° 50 and 54Â° 24 N. It is part of the Russian Federation and is its largest island. ... Topography Map showing Bali within Indonesia Sunset at Jimbaran Beach, Bali Young Balinese Dancers Rice terraces at entrance to Gunung Kawi Temple The Bali Starling lives only in Bali, as few as six may exist on the island Statue of Dewi Sri â€” Ubud, Bali Bali is an Indonesian island. ...

Download high resolution version (2048x1536, 1065 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Download high resolution version (2048x1536, 1065 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ...

Power supply

The demand for electric power on Jeju is significantly greater than the supply. Power from mainland plants makes up the difference.^[2] The island's power-grid is connected to the mainland by the HVDC Haenam-Cheju. However, the majority of the island's electric power needs are met by generators located on the island. As of 2001, there were four power plants on Jeju, with more under planning and construction. The most notable of these are the gas-fired generators of Jeju Thermal Power Plant, located in Jeju City. The present-day generators of this plant were constructed from 1982 onwards, replacing earlier structures that dated from 1968. ^[3] As elsewhere in Korea, the power supply is overseen by the Korea Electric Power Corporation, or KEPCO. The HVDC Haenam Cheju is a 101 kilometers long submarine cable connection between Haenam and the island Cheju in South Korea, which went in service in 1996. ...

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