Typical structure of a chemokine receptor, with seven transmembrane domains and a characteristic "DRY" motif in the second intracellular domain. Chemokine receptors are usually linked to a G-protein through which they signal. Chemokine receptors are G-protein-linked 7-transmembrane receptors expressed on the surfaces of certain cells. G-proteins, short for guanine nucleotide binding proteins, are a family of proteins involved in second messenger cascades. ...
G-proteins, short for guanine nucleotide binding proteins, are a family of proteins involved in second messenger cascades. ...
They interact with small extracellular protein ligands known as chemokines. Following interaction with their specific ligands, chemokine receptors trigger a flux in intracellular calcium (Ca2+) ions (calcium signaling), which generates a chemotactic response of that cell, thus trafficking the cell to a desired location within the organism. These chemokine receptors are divided into different families according to which family of chemokines they bind (CC, CXC, C, or CX3C). In chemistry, a ligand is an atom, ion or functional group that is bonded to one or more central atoms or ions, usually metals generally through co-ordinate covalent bond. ...
Chemokines are a class of chemotactic cytokines, or small secreted protein signals. ...
In cell biology, molecular biology and related fields, the word intracellular means inside the cell. It is used in contrast to extracellular (outside the cell). ...
Calcium ions act as second messengers in signal transduction. ...
Families
- C chemokine receptors (one member, XCR1)
- CX3C chemokine receptors (one member, CX3CR1)
Further reading - Murphy, International Union of Pharmacology. XXX. Update on chemokine receptor nomenclature, Pharmacological Reviews, 2002, 54:227-229.
- Murphy et al., International union of pharmacology. XXII. Nomenclature for chemokine receptors, Pharmacological Reviews, 2002, 52:145-76.
Image File history File links Commons-logo. ...
Wikimedia Commons logo by Reid Beels The Wikimedia Commons (also called Commons or Wikicommons) is a repository of free content images, sound and other multimedia files. ...
Image File history File links Commons-logo. ...
Wikimedia Commons logo by Reid Beels The Wikimedia Commons (also called Commons or Wikicommons) is a repository of free content images, sound and other multimedia files. ...
External links - IUPHAR RECEPTOR DATABASE
- The Cytokine Receptor Database
Adenosine - Adrenergic - Angiotensin - Bradykinin - Calcitonin - Cannabinoid - Chemokine - Cholecystokinin - Corticotropin-releasing hormone - Dopamine - Endothelin - FSH-receptor - GABA B - Galanin - Glucagon - Gonadotropin-releasing hormone - Histamine (H1, H2, H3, H4) - Luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin - Melanocortin (Mc1r) - Melatonin - Metabotropic glutamate - Muscarinic acetylcholine - Neurotensin - Olfactory - Opioid - Parathyroid hormone - Purinergics (P2Y) - Trace amine-associated - Secretin - Serotonin, all but 5-HT3 (5-HT2A) Transmembrane receptors are integral membrane proteins, which reside and operate typically within a cells plasma membrane, but also in the membranes of some subcellular compartments and organelles. ...
Figure 1. ...
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Epinephrine Norepinephrine The adrenergic receptors (or adrenoceptors) are a class of G protein-coupled receptors that are targets of the catecholamines. ...
The angiotensin receptors are a class of G protein-coupled receptors with angiotensins as ligands. ...
Bradykinin, along with kallidin signals through the B2 receptor which is ubiquitously and constitutively expressed in healthy tissues. ...
The calcitonin receptor is a G protein-coupled receptor which binds calcitonin. ...
The cannabinoid receptors are a class of receptors under the G-protein coupled receptor superfamily. ...
Cholecystokinin receptors or CCK receptors are a group of G_protein coupled receptors. ...
The dopamine receptors are a class of metabotropic G-protein-coupled receptors with the neurotransmitter dopamine as their endogenous ligand. ...
There are at least three known endothelin receptors, ETa, ETb1 and ETb2, all of which are G-protein coupled whose activation result in elevation of intracellular-free calcium. ...
The follicle stimulating hormone receptor or FSH-receptor (FSHR) is a transmembrane receptor that interacts with the follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and represents a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). ...
The glucagon receptor is a 62 kDa peptide that is activated by glucagon and is a member if the g-protein coupled family of receptors. ...
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (GNRHR) is a member of the seven-transmembrane, G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) family. ...
The histamine receptors are a class of G-protein coupled receptors with histamine as their endogenous ligand. ...
// H1 receptors Distribution Smooth muscle Endothelial cells Adrenal medulla Heart CNS Effects of Histamine at H1-receptors Vasodilation of small bloods vessels - flushing Increase Capillary Permeability - leaky endothelial cells - oedema Vasoconstriction of large vessels Contraction of smooth muscle - bronchial muscle H1-receptors Activates phospholipase C Mediated by a pertussis toxin...
The H4 histamine receptor was discovered by Nguyen et al in March of 2001, who also discovered the gene encoded it in a search of the GenBank databases. ...
The luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor (LHCGR), also lutropin/choriogonadotropin receptor (LCGR) is a transmembrane receptor that interacts with both luteinizing hormone (LH) and chorionic gonadotropins (such as hCG in humans) and represents a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). ...
The Melanocortin-1 receptor (Mc1r) is one of the key proteins in hair colour production. ...
A melatonin receptor is a G protein-coupled receptor which binds melatonin. ...
Metabotropic glutamate receptors, or mGluRs, are a type of glutamate receptor which are active through an indirect metabotropic process. ...
Amanita muscaria from which muscarine was isolated Acetylcholine - natural agonist of muscarinic and nicotinic receptors. ...
Olfactory receptors are a type of G protein-coupled receptor in olfactory receptor neurons. ...
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Trace amine-associated receptors, abbreviated TAAR and previously abbreviated TAR and TA, are a class of G protein-coupled receptors identified in 2001. ...
In the field of neurochemistry, 5-HT receptors are receptors for the neurotransmitter and peripheral signal mediator serotonin, also known as 5-hydroxytryptamine or 5-HT. 5-HT receptors are located on the cell membrane of nerve cells and other cell types in animals and mediate the effects of serotonin...
The introduction to this article provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject matter. ...
Rhodopsin A rhodopsin molecule (yellow) with bound retinal (orange), embedded in a cell membrane (lipids shown as green, head groups as red/blue). ...
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