?Chennai Tamil Nadu • India
Chennai Central Station
Chennai
Coordinates: 13°05′N 80°16′E / 13.09, 80.27
Time zone	IST (UTC+5:30)
Area • Metro • Elevation	181.06 km² (70 sq mi)[1] • 1,180 km² (456 sq mi) • 6 m (20 ft)
District(s)	• Chennai  • Kanchipuram  • Tiruvallur
Population • Density • Metro	4.34 million (5th) (2001) • 24,418 /km² (63,242 /sq mi) • 7.5 million (4th) (2007)
Mayor	M. Subramaniam
Corporation Commissioner	Rajesh Lakhoni
Codes • Pincode • Telephone • UN/LOCODE • Vehicle	• 600 xxx • +91 44 • INMAA • TN-01, 02, 03, 04, 05, 06, 07, 09, 10
Website: www.chennaicorporation.com
Seal of Corporation of Chennai

Coordinates: 13°05′N 80°16′E / 13.09, 80.27 Chennai (Tamil: சென்னை, formerly known as Madras (help· info), is the capital of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Located on the Coromandel Coast of the Bay of Bengal, Chennai has an estimated population of 7.5 million (2007), making it the fourth largest metropolitan city in India. Madras refers to many of the things listed below, but most often, it refers to Chennai, the capital of Tamil Nadu state and Indias fourth largest metropolitan city. ... Tamil Nadu (தமிழ் நாடு, Land of the Tamils) is a state at the southern tip of India. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links India_Tamil_Nadu_locator_map. ... Image File history File links Locator_Dot. ... Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ... Timezone and TimeZone redirect here. ... Location of Mirzapur and the 82. ... The geography of India is diverse, with landscape ranging from snow-capped mountain ranges to deserts, plains, rainforests, hills, and plateaus. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Elevation histogram of the surface of the Earth – approximately 71% of the Earths surface is covered with water. ... To help compare orders of magnitude of different geographical regions, we list here areas between 1,000 km² and 10,000 km². See also areas of other orders of magnitude. ... The divisions of a district. ... The Chennai district is a district of Tamil Nadu, India. ... Kanchipuram, Kanchi, or Kancheepuram (also sometimes Conjeevaram) is a district is in the northeast of Tamil Nadu, adjacent to the Bay of Bengal. ... Tiruvallur district in Tamil Nadu, India Tiruvallur district is an administrative district in the South Indian state of Tamil Nadu. ... Population density per square kilometre by country, 2006 Population density map of the world in 1994. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... The following is a list of the most populous cities in India. ... 2001 is a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and also: The International Year of the Volunteer The United Nations Year of Dialogue Among Civilizations Events January January 1 - A black monolith measuring approximately nine feet tall appears in Seattles Magnuson Park, placed by an anonymous... This article lists the top fifty metropolitan areas in India by population as of 2007. ... 2007 is a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar. ... A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning larger, greater) is the modern title of the highest ranking municipal officer. ... M. Subramaniam is the current mayor of Chennai, the capital of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. ... Rajesh B. Lakhoni is the current Corporation Commissioner of Chennai, the capital of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. ... Example of a PIN: The PIN code of Ujjain in Madhya Pradesh A Postal Index Number or PIN or Pincode is the post office numbering or post code system used by the Indian Postal Service. ... For the past decade or so, telecommunication activities have gained momentum in India. ... UN/LOCODE is a geographic coding scheme developed and maintained by United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, a unit of the United Nations. ... Licence plates on the back of a taxi in Kolkata. ... The Chennai Corporation is situated in the Ripon Building in Chennai. ... Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ... Tamil ( ; IPA: ) is a Dravidian language spoken predominantly by Tamil people, originating on the Indian subcontinent. ... The Indian renaming controversy is a result of a movement to change the names of Indian cities from the names used during the British imperial period, back to regional or Indian names. ... Image File history File links Madras. ... India is a federal republic comprising twenty-eight states and seven union territories. ... Tamil Nadu (தமிழ் நாடு, Land of the Tamils) is a state at the southern tip of India. ... Districts along the Coromandel Coast Map of the coast (French) The Coromandel Coast is the name given to the southeastern coast of the Indian peninsula. ... Look up Bay of Bengal in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... This article lists the top fifty metropolitan areas in India by population as of 2007. ...

The city was established in the 17th century by the British, who developed it into a major urban centre and naval base. By the 20th century, it had become an important administrative centre, as the capital of the Madras Presidency. Madras Presidency, also known as Madras Province and known officially as Presidency of Fort St. ...

Chennai's economy has a broad industrial base in the automobile, technology, hardware manufacturing, and healthcare industries. The city is home to much of India's automobile industry and is the country's second-largest exporter of Software, information technology (IT) and information-technology-enabled services (ITES), behind Bangalore^{[2][3] [4] [5]}. Information and communication technology spending in 2005 Information Technology (IT), as defined by the Information Technology Association of America (ITAA), is the study, design, development, implementation, support or management of computer-based information systems, particularly software applications and computer hardware. ... Business process outsourcing (BPO) contains the transmission of processes along with the associated operational activities and responsibilities, to a third party with at least a guaranteed equal service level and where the client contains a firm grip over the (activities of the) vendor for mutual long term success. ... , For other uses, see Bangalore (disambiguation). ...

The city is served by an international airport and two major ports; it is connected to the rest of the country by five national highways and two railway terminals. Thirty-five countries have consulates in Chennai. ^[6]

Chennai hosts a large cultural event, the annual Madras Music Season, which includes performances by hundreds of artists. The city has a vibrant theatre scene and is an important centre for the Bharatanatyam, a classical dance form. The Tamil film industry, known as Kollywood, is based in the city; the soundtracks of the movies dominate its music scene. Chennai is known for its sport venues and hosts an Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) event, the Chennai Open. The city faces problems of water shortages, traffic congestion and air pollution. The state and local governments have undertaken initiatives such as the Veeranam project, Rainwater harvesting and the construction of mini-flyovers to address some of these problems. A Carnatic music concert during the annual Music Season. ... Bharatanatyam[1] is a classical dance form originating from Tamil Nadu[2][3][4][5][6], a state in Southern India. ... Tamil ( ; IPA: ) is a Dravidian language spoken predominantly by Tamil people, originating on the Indian subcontinent. ... Kollywood (Tamil : கோலிவூட் ) is a name often applied to the home of the Tamil-language film industry based in India, and to the industry as a whole. ... The Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) was formed in 1972 to protect the interests of male professional tennis players. ... The Chennai Open has been Indias largest tennis event since 1997. ... Veeranam Lake is located in Cuddalore district, Tamilnadu, South India. ... View of a Johad at village Thathawata View of a stepwell at Fatehpur, Shekhawati. ... Overpass in East Potomac Park, Washington, D.C. Flyover in Miami Beach, Florida An overpass (In UK, most Commonwealth countries flyover) is a bridge, road or similar structure that crosses over another road. ...

Names

The name Chennai is an eponym, etymologically derived from Chennapattinam or Chennapattanam, the name of the town that grew up around Fort St. George, built by the British in 1640. There are different versions about the origin of the name. When the British landed here in 1639 A.D. it was said to be part of the empire of the Raja of Chandragiri. The British named it Chennapatnam after they acquired it from Chennappa Nayaka, a Vijayanagar chieftain. Gradually, the name was shortened to Chennai. The first instance of the use of the name Chennai is said to be in a sale deed dated August 1639 to Francis Day, an agent for the British where there is a reference to Chennaipattinam. ^[7] An eponym is the name of a person, whether real or fictitious, who has (or is thought to have) given rise to the name of a particular place, tribe, discovery, or other item. ... Etymologies redirects here. ... An old 18 century sketch of the fort. ... Vijayanagara (often written Vijayanagar), in northern Karnataka, is the name of the now ruined capital city of the historic Vijayanagar empire in the Southern part of India. ...

Although some believe Chennapattinam was named after the Chenna Kesava Perumal Temple, as the word Chenni in Tamil means face, and the temple was thought of as the face of the city.^[8] Tamil ( ; IPA: ) is a Dravidian language spoken predominantly by Tamil people, originating on the Indian subcontinent. ...

The former name, Madras, is derived from Madraspattinam, a fishing village that lay to the north of Fort St. George. The origin of the name Madraspattinam is a subject of disagreement. One theory holds that the Portuguese, who arrived in the area in the 16th century, may have named the village Madre de Deus.^[9] However, historians believe that the village's name came from the once prominent Madeiros family (variously known as Madera or Madra in succeeding years), who had consecrated the Madre de Deus church in Santhome in 1575 (demolished in 1997). Another theory says that the village was named after an Islamic college (a madrasa) which was located in the area. After the British gained possession of the area in the 17th century, the two towns, Madraspattinam and Chennapattinam, eventually merged. The British referred to the united town as Madraspattinam, while the locals preferred to call it Chennapattinam.^[10] An old 18 century sketch of the fort. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into St. ... Madrassa in the Gambia The word madrassa in the Arabic language (and other languages of the Islamic nations such as Persian, Turkish, Indonesian etc. ...

The city was officially renamed Chennai in 1996, about the same time that many Indian cities were undergoing name changes. Madras was seen as a Portuguese name.^[11] Geographical renaming is the act of changing the name of a geographical feature or area. ...

History

Main article: History of Chennai

Madras Central Railway Station, 1925

The region around Chennai has served as an important administrative, military, and economic centre since the 1st century.^[7] It has been ruled by various South Indian dynasties, notably the Pallava, the Chola, the Pandya, and Vijaynagar.^[7] The town of Mylapore, now part of Chennai, was once a major Pallavan port. The Portuguese arrived in 1522 and built a port called São Tomé after the Christian apostle, St Thomas,^[12] who is believed to have preached in the area between 52 and 70 CE. In 1612, the Dutch established themselves near Pulicat, just north of the city. The Kapaleeshwarar temple in Mylapore was built by the Pallava kings in the 7th century Chennai (ெசன்னை in Tamil), formerly known as Madras, is the capital of the state of Tamil Nadu and is Indias fourth largest city. ... The geographical south of India includes all Indian territory below the 20th parallel. ... The Pallava kingdom (Tamil: பல்லவர்) was an ancient South Indian kingdom. ... Chola redirects here. ... The Pandyan kingdom (Tamil: பாண்டியர்) was an ancient Tamil state in South India of unknown antiquity. ... Vijayanagara (Kannada: ವಿಜಯನಗರ, English: ) is in Bellary District, northern Karnataka. ... , Mylapore is one of the oldest areas within Chennai (formerly Madras), the capital of Tamil Nadu state in southern India. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Jude Thomas. ... Pulicat is a town which lies in the Thiruvallur District, in the state of Tamil Nadu, India. ...

On 22 August 1639, Francis Day of the British East India Company bought a small strip of land on the Coromandel Coast from the Vijayanagara King, Peda Venkata Raya in Chandragiri. The region was ruled by Damerla Venkatapathy, the Nayak of Vandavasi.^[7] He granted the British permission to build a factory and warehouse for their trading enterprises. A year later, the British built Fort St George, which became the nucleus of the growing colonial city.^[7] In 1746, Fort St. George and Madras were captured by the French under General La Bourdonnais, the Governor of Mauritius, who plundered the town and its outlying villages.^[12] The British regained control in 1749 through the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle and fortified the town's fortress wall to withstand further attacks from the French and another looming threat, Hyder Ali, the Sultan of Mysore. By the late 18th century, the British had conquered most of the region around Tamil Nadu and the northern modern-day states of Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka, establishing the Madras Presidency with Madras as the capital.^[13] Under British rule, the city grew into a major urban centre and naval base. is the 234th day of the year (235th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events January 14 - Connecticuts first constitution, the Fundamental Orders, is adopted. ... Francis Day was an agent of the British East India company, and one of the founders of the city of Madras. ... The companys flag initially had the flag of England, the St Georges Cross, in the canton The Honourable East India Company (HEIC), often colloquially referred to as John Company, and Company Bahadur in India, was an early joint-stock company (the Dutch East India Company was the first... Districts along the Coromandel Coast Map of the coast (French) The Coromandel Coast is the name given to the southeastern coast of the Indian peninsula. ... The Vijayanagara empire was based in the Deccan, in peninsular and southern India, from 1336 onwards. ... Venkata III (a. ... For other places with the same name, see Chandragiri (disambiguation). ... Nayak also Nayaka is the title of various caste and ethnic groups across India. ... Vandavasi or Wandiwash is a city in Tamil Nadu state of India. ... Fort St George is the name of the first British fortress in India, built in 1644 at the coastal city of Madras (modern city of Chennai. ... It has been suggested that Benign colonialism be merged into this article or section. ... Bertrand-François Mahé de La Bourdonnais (comte de La Bourdonnais) (Saint-Malo, 11 February 1699 – Paris, 10 November 1753) was a French naval officer and administrator, in the service of the French East India Company. ... The second Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle (Aachen) of 1748 ended the War of the Austrian Succession. ... Hyder Ali or Haidar Ali (c. ... For other uses, see Sultan (disambiguation). ... Flag of former princely state of Mysore. ... Andhra redirects here. ... This article is about the Indian region. ... Madras Presidency, also known as Madras Province and known officially as Presidency of Fort St. ...

Victoria Public Hall at Park Town, Chennai - one of the finest examples of British architecture in the city

With the advent of railways in India in the late 19th century, the thriving urban centre was connected to other important cities such as Bombay and Calcutta, promoting increased communication and trade with the hinterland. Madras was briefly under Portuguese and French rule during 16th & 18th century. Park Town is a suburb in the north of Chennai, India. ... Map showing the Indian rail network and travelling times between major stations Rail transport is a commonly used mode of long-distance transportation in India. ... This article or section should be merged with Mumbai Mumbai (previously known as Bombay) is the worlds most populous conurbation, and is the sixth most populous agglomeration in the world. ... This article is on Calcutta/Kolkata, the city. ...

Madras was the only Indian city to be attacked by the Central Powers during World War I, when an oil depot was shelled by the German light cruiser SMS Emden on September 22, 1914, as it raided shipping lanes in the Indian Ocean, causing disruption to shipping.^[14] After India gained its independence in 1947, the city became the capital of Madras State, renamed the state of Tamil Nadu in 1969. The violent agitations of 1965 against the imposition of Hindi as the national language, marked a major shift in the political dynamics of the city and the whole state.^[15] Red: Central Powers at their zenith. ... “The Great War ” redirects here. ... A light cruiser is a warship that is not so large and powerful as a regular (or heavy) cruiser, but still larger than ships like destroyers. ... For other ships of the same name, see SMS Emden. ... is the 265th day of the year (266th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1914 (MCMXIV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... The term Indian independence movement is diffused, incorporating various national and regional campaigns, agitations and efforts of both Nonviolent and Militant philosophy and involved a wide spectrum of Indian political organizations, philosophies, and movements which had the common aim of ending the British Colonial Authority as well as other colonial... Tamil Nadu (தமிழ் நாடு, Land of the Tamils) is a state at the southern tip of India. ... Anti-Hindi agitation is a term used to describe the opposition the people of Tamil Nadu have voiced to the Indian Governments attempts to establish Hindi as the sole National language of India [1]. Anti Hindi agitation is not a history but its an ongoing agitation or feelings with... -1... Regional parties have dominated state politics since 1967. ...

In 2004, an Indian Ocean tsunami lashed the shores of Chennai, killing many and permanently altering the coastline.^[16] The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake was an undersea (subduction) earthquake that occurred at 00:58:53 UTC December 26, 2004, with an epicentre off the west coast of Sumatra, Indonesia. ...

Geography and climate

Main article: Geography of Chennai

See also: List of neighbourhoods in Chennai and Flora and fauna of Chennai

Chennai is on a flat coastal plain, as shown on this Landsat 7 map.

Chennai is on the southeast coast of India in the northeast of Tamil Nadu on a flat coastal plain known as the Eastern Coastal Plains. Its average elevation is around 6.7 metres (20 ft),^[17] and its highest point is 60 m (200 ft).^[18] The Marina Beach runs for 12 km along the shoreline of the city. Two rivers meander through Chennai, the Cooum River (or Koovam) through the centre and the Adyar River to the south. A third river, the Kortalaiyar, flows through the northern fringes of the city before draining into the sea at Ennore. Adyar and Cooum rivers are heavily polluted with effluents and waste from domestic and commercial sources. The state government periodically removes silt and pollution from the Adyar, which is much less polluted than the Cooum. A protected estuary on the Adyar forms a natural habitat for several species of birds and animals.^[19][20] The Buckingham Canal, 4 km (3 miles) inland, runs parallel to the coast, linking the two rivers. The Otteri Nullah, an east-west stream, runs through north Chennai and meets the Buckingham Canal at Basin Bridge. Several lakes of varying size are located on the western fringes of the city. Red Hills, Sholavaram and Chembarambakkam Lake supply Chennai with potable water. Groundwater sources are becoming brackish.^[21] Chennai is situated on a flat coastal plain, as can be seen in this Landsat 7 map. ... This is a list of neighbourhoods in Chennai by region. ... Beaches Facing north on Elliots Beach in Besant Nagar. ... Download high resolution version (1024x724, 168 KB) Screenshot from NASA WorldWind. ... Download high resolution version (1024x724, 168 KB) Screenshot from NASA WorldWind. ... A coastal plain is an area of flat, low-lying land adjacent to a seacoast and separated from the interior by other features. ... Landsat 7 is the latest satellite of the Landsat program. ... Tamil Nadu (தமிழ் நாடு, Land of the Tamils) is a state at the southern tip of India. ... The Eastern Coastal Plains refer to a wide stretch of landmass of India, lying between the Eastern Ghats and the Bay of Bengal. ... The Marina Beach is a beach situated along a 12 km shoreline in the city of Chennai, India. ... Cooum River is the famous river which ends in Chennai; ... The Adyar River, originating from the Chembarambakkam Lake (Chengalpattu district), is one of the rivers which passes through Chennai, South India, and joins the Bay of Bengal. ... In the context of creating Plutonium at the Hanford Site, effluent refers to the cooling water that is discharged from a nuclear reactor that may or may not be radioactive. ... For other uses, see Waste (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Silt (disambiguation). ... Air pollution Pollution is the introduction of pollutants (whether chemical substances, or energy such as noise, heat, or light) into the environment to such a point that its effects become harmful to human health, other living organisms, or the environment. ... ... For other meanings, see Estuary (disambiguation) Río de la Plata estuary An estuary is a semi-enclosed coastal body of water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it, and with a free connection to the open sea. ... For other uses, see Habitat (disambiguation). ... The Buckingham Canal is a salt water navigation canal, running parallel to the Coromandel Coast of South India for 420 km, from Krishna District in Andhra Pradesh to Villupuram District in Tamil Nadu. ... The Otteri Nullah an east-west stream runs through north Chennai and meets the Buckingham Canal at Basin Bridge. ... The Buckingham Canal is a salt water navigation canal, running parallel to the Coromandel Coast of South India for 420 km, from Krishna District in Andhra Pradesh to Villupuram District in Tamil Nadu. ... Basin Bridge is the confluence of the Otteri Nullah and Cooum river in Chennai, India. ... The Red Hills Lake, located in Ambattur taluka of Thiruvallur district, Tamilnadu, South India, is one of the rain-fed reservoirs from where water is drawn for supply to Chennai. ... Sholavaram Lake, located in Ponneri taluka of Thiruvallur district, Tamilnadu, South India, is one of the rain-fed reservoirs from where water is drawn for supply to Chennai. ... Chembarambakkam Lake is located in Chengalpattu district, about 40 km from Chennai, South India. ... Tap water Mineral Water Water of sufficient quality to serve as drinking water is termed potable water whether it is used as such or not. ... Groundwater is water located beneath the ground surface in soil pore spaces and in the fractures of lithologic formations. ... Brackish redirects here. ...

Chennai's soil is mostly clay, shale and sandstone.^[22] Sandy areas are found along the river banks and coasts, such as Tiruvanmiyur, Adyar, Kottivakkam, Santhome, George Town, Tondiarpet and the rest of coastal Chennai. Here rainwater runoff percolates quickly through the soil. Clay underlies most of the city including T. Nagar, West Mambalam, Anna Nagar, Perambur and Virugambakkam. Areas of hard rock include Guindy, Velachery, Adambakkam and a part of Saidapet.^[23] Loess field in Germany Surface-water-gley developed in glacial till, Northern Ireland For other uses, see Soil (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Clay (disambiguation). ... Shale Shale is a fine-grained sedimentary rock whose original constituents were clays or muds. ... This article is about the geological formation. ... Thiruvanmiur is an adjacent town to the famous Besant Nagar in the Indian city of Chennai, formerly known as Madras. ... ... Kottivakkam is a census town in Kancheepuram district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into St. ... There are numerous places around the world named Georgetown. ... Tondiarpet constitutes an important suburban region of Chennai city. ... Runoff flowing into a stormwater drain Surface runoff is water, from rain, snowmelt, or other sources, that flows over the land surface, and is a major component of the water cycle[1][2]. Runoff that occurs on surfaces before reaching a channel is also called overland flow. ... In chemistry and other physical sciences, percolation is a type of filtering. ... , Thyagaraya Nagar (also spelled Tyagaraya Nagar, and abbreviated T. Nagar) is a large, primarily commercial, locality in Chennai, India. ... West Mambalam (பழைய மாம்பலம் or மேலமாம்பலம் in Tamil) is a neighbourhood in Chennai, India. ... Anna Nagar is one of the posh residential localities in the metropolitan city of Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. ... // Perambur, is a suburb in North Chennai, which is the capital of the state of Tamil Nadu in India and also the fourth largest city in India. ... Virugambakkam is in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. ... This article is about the geological substance. ... Guindy is a location in Chennai, India Categories: India geography stubs | Chennai ... , Velachery also known as Vedashreni is a fast developing residential area in the South West Chennai, a metropolitan city in India. ... , Adambakkam (Tamil: ஆதம்பாக்கம்) is a suburb of Chennai, a city situated on the east coast of the southern India. ... Saidapet is a suburb of the city of Chennai, India. ...

Chennai is divided into four parts: North, Central, South and West. North Chennai is primarily an industrial area. Central Chennai is the commercial heart of the city and includes an important business district, Parry's Corner. South Chennai and West Chennai, previously mostly residential, are fast becoming commercial, home to a growing number of information technology firms, financial companies and call centres. The city is expanding quickly along the Old Mahabalipuram Road and the Grand Southern Trunk Road (GST Road) in the south and towards Ambattur, Koyambedu and Sriperumbdur in the west.^[25] Chennai is one of the few cities in the world that accommodates a national park, the Guindy National Park, within its limits.^[26] Parrys Corner is a commercial district in Chennai, India. ... Information and communication technology spending in 2005 Information Technology (IT), as defined by the Information Technology Association of America (ITAA), is the study, design, development, implementation, support or management of computer-based information systems, particularly software applications and computer hardware. ... A very large collections call centre in Lakeland, FL. A call centre or call center (see spelling differences) is a centralised office used for the purpose of receiving and transmitting a large volume of requests by telephone. ... Old Mahabalipuram Road (OMR) is a road in Tamil Nadu starting from Madhya Kailash temple, Adyar, and going southward till Mahabalipuram (now called Mamallapuram). ... The Grand Southern Trunk Road or National Highway 45 is one of the busiest highways in India. ... , Ambattur is a major municipality in Thiruvallur district in the state of Tamil Nadu, India It is an industrial area north-west of Chennai. ... Koyambedu is a vibrant area in the South Indian city of Chennai. ... , Sriperumpudur is a panchayat town in Kancheepuram district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. ... This article is about national parks. ... The Guindy National Park, the smallest national park of India and one of the very few national parks situate inside a metro, is located in Chennai, South India. ...

Chennai lies on the thermal equator and is also coastal, which prevents extreme variation in seasonal temperature. For most of the year, the weather is hot and humid. The hottest part of the year is late May and early June, known locally as Agni Nakshatram ("fire star") or as Kathiri Veyyil,^[27] with maximum temperatures around 38–42 °C (100–107 °F). The coolest part of the year is January, with minimum temperatures around 19–20 °C (66–68 °F). The lowest temperature recorded is 15.8 °C (60.44 °F) and highest 45 °C (113 °F).^[28][29] The average annual rainfall is about 1,300 mm (51 inches). The city gets most of its seasonal rainfall from the north-east monsoon winds, from mid-September to mid-December. Cyclones in the Bay of Bengal sometimes hit the city. Highest annual rainfall recorded is 2,570 mm (101 in) in 2005.^[30] The most prevailing winds in Chennai are the South-westerly between May and September and the North-easterly during the rest of the year. Climate map showing the thermal equator The thermal equator is a belt encircling the Earth, defined by the set of locations having the highest mean annual temperature at each longitude around the globe. ... For other uses, see Monsoon (disambiguation). ... This article is about the meteorological phenomenon. ...

Administration and utility services

Main article: Administration of Chennai

See also: Chennai architecture and Subdivisions of India

Chennai city is governed by the Corporation of Chennai, consisting of 155 councillors who represent 155 wards and are directly elected by the city's residents. From among themselves, the councillors elect a mayor and a deputy mayor who preside over about six standing committees.^[33] Chennai, the capital of Tamil Nadu state, houses the state executive and legislative headquarters primarily in the Secretariat Buildings on the Fort St George campus but also in many other buildings scattered around the city. The Madras High Court, whose jurisdiction extends across Tamil Nadu and Puducherry, is the highest judicial authority in the state and is also in the city. Chennai has three parliamentary constituencies—Chennai North, Chennai Central and Chennai South—and elects 18 Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs) to the state legislature. A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning larger, greater) is the modern title of the highest ranking municipal officer. ... The Deputy Mayor of a community is the number two official to the mayor. ... The Commissioner of Police heads of the Hong Kong Police Force and reports to the Secretary for Security. ... Administration of Chennai is handled by the Corporation of Chennai, consisting of 155 councilors and headed by the citys mayor. ... The Government Museum in Egmore is a good example of Indo-Saracenic architecture. ... The subdivisions of India are Indian subnational administrative units; they compose a nested hierarchy of country subdivisions. ... The Chennai Corporation is situated in the Ripon Building in Chennai. ... A councillor is a member of a council (such as a city council), particularly in the U.K. and its former colonies. ... Map of Chennai City and metropolitan area List of Corporation wards in the city of Chennai, India managed by the Corporation of Chennai Constituencies outside Chennai city Municipalities outside Chennai Tiruvallur District Ambattur Avadi Kathivakkam Madhavaram Tiruvallur Tiruvottiyur Kanchipuram District Alandur Madurantakam Nellikuppam Pallavaram Panruti Tambaram Chennai Corporation Corporation of... A Legislature is a type of representative deliberative assembly with the power to create, amend and ratify laws. ... Fort St George is the name of the first British fortress in India, built in 1644 at the coastal city of Madras (modern city of Chennai. ... The Madras High Court, one of the landmarks of the metropolis of Chennai, and believed to be the second largest judicial complex in the world, is located near the Parrys Corner, one of the important central business districts of Chennai. ... Tamil Nadu (தமிழ் நாடு, Land of the Tamils) is a state at the southern tip of India. ... This article is about the Union Territory. ... The judiciary, also referred to as the judicature, consists of justices, judges and magistrates among other types of adjudicators. ... Sansad Bhavan, The Parliament of India The Parliament of India (or Sansad) is bicameral. ... A Member of Legislative Assembly, or MLA, is a representative elected by the voters of an electoral district to the Legislature of a State in the Indian system of government. ...

Chennai Metropolitan Police Patrol

The metropolitan region of Chennai covers many suburbs that are part of Kanchipuram and Thiruvallur districts. The larger suburbs are governed by town municipalities, and the smaller ones are governed by town councils called panchayats. While the city covers an area of 174 km² (67 mi²),^[34] the metropolitan area is spread over 1,189 km² (458 mi²).^[35] The Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority (CMDA) has drafted a Second Master Plan that aims to develop satellite townships around the city. Contiguous satellite towns include Mahabalipuram to the south, Chengalpattu and Maraimalai Nagar to the southwest, and Kanchipuram town, Sriperumpudur, Tiruvallur and Arakkonam to the west. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution‎ (2,272 × 1,704 pixels, file size: 839 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Greater Chennai Police, Patrol car, 2006. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution‎ (2,272 × 1,704 pixels, file size: 839 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Greater Chennai Police, Patrol car, 2006. ... , Kanchipuram, Kanchi, or Kancheepuram (also sometimes Conjeevaram) is a city and a municipality in Kancheepuram district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. ... Tiruvallur is an town in Tamil Nadu state of southern India. ... The Panchayat is a South Asian political syst