NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Chicago Board of Trade Building

The Chicago Board of Trade Building houses the Chicago Board of Trade, the world's largest futures and options exchange. It is located at 141 West Jackson Boulevard, Chicago, Illinois, in the Chicago Loop community area. First designated a Chicago Landmark on May 4, 1977,^[2] the building was subsequently listed as a National Historic Landmark on June 2, 1978.^[3]^[4] The building was then added to the National Register of Historic Places on June 16, 1978. The tallest building in Chicago for over 35 years,^[5] the structure is known for its art-deco architecture, sculptures and large scale stone carving, as well as large trading floors. A popular sightseeing attraction and motion picture location, the building has won awards for preservation efforts and office management. Motto: (Out Of Many, One) (traditional) In God We Trust (1956 to date) Anthem: The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington D.C. Largest city New York City None at federal level (English de facto) Government Federal constitutional republic - President George Walker Bush (R) - Vice President Dick Cheney (R) Independence from... USS Constitution A National Historic Landmark (NHL) is a building, district, site, structure, or object, almost always within the United States, officially recognized for its historical significance. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 377 Ã— 599 pixels Full resolution (510 Ã— 810 pixel, file size: 346 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) photo by Einar Einarsson Kvaran, aka Carptrash 04:02, 14 December 2006 (UTC) Chicago Board of Trade Building I, the creator of this work, hereby... Flag Seal Nickname: The Windy City Motto: Urbs In Horto (Latin: City in a Garden), I Will Location Location in Chicagoland and northern Illinois Coordinates , Government Country State Counties United States Illinois Cook, DuPage Mayor Richard M. Daley (D) Geographical characteristics Area City 606. ... Official language(s) English Capital Springfield Largest city Chicago Largest metro area Chicago Area Ranked 25th - Total 57,918 sq mi (149,998 kmÂ²) - Width 210 miles (340 km) - Length 390 miles (629 km) - % water 4. ... The architectural firm of Holabird & Root was founded in Chicago in 1880 and is still in operation. ... Asheville City Hall. ... A typical plaque showing entry on the National Register of Historic Places. ... June 16 is the 167th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (168th in leap years), with 198 days remaining. ... 1978 (MCMLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday. ... The Chicago Board of Trade (CBOT) NYSE: BOT, established in 1848, is the worlds oldest futures and options exchange. ... A commodities exchange is an exchange where various commodities and derivatives products are traded. ... Flag Seal Nickname: The Windy City Motto: Urbs In Horto (Latin: City in a Garden), I Will Location Location in Chicagoland and northern Illinois Coordinates , Government Country State Counties United States Illinois Cook, DuPage Mayor Richard M. Daley (D) Geographical characteristics Area City 606. ... Official language(s) English Capital Springfield Largest city Chicago Largest metro area Chicago Area Ranked 25th - Total 57,918 sq mi (149,998 kmÂ²) - Width 210 miles (340 km) - Length 390 miles (629 km) - % water 4. ... The Loop is what locals call the historical center of downtown Chicago. ... The city Chicago, Illinois, is divided into seventy-seven community areas. ... Chicago Landmark is a designation of the Mayor of Chicago and the Chicago City Council for historic buildings and other sites in Chicago, Illinois. ... May 4 is the 124th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (125th in leap years). ... For the album by Ash, see 1977 (album). ... USS Constitution A National Historic Landmark (NHL) is a building, district, site, structure, or object, almost always within the United States, officially recognized for its historical significance. ... June 2 is the 153rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (154th in leap years), with 212 days remaining. ... 1978 (MCMLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday. ... A typical plaque showing entry on the National Register of Historic Places. ... June 16 is the 167th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (168th in leap years), with 198 days remaining. ... 1978 (MCMLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday. ... The Art Deco spire of the Chrysler Building in New York, built 1928â€“1930 City Hall of Buffalo, New York, an Art Deco masterpiece Art Deco was a popular design movement from 1920 until 1939, affecting the decorative arts such as architecture, interior design, and industrial design, as well as... Petroglyphs on a Bishop Tuff tableland Petroglyph on Petroglyph Point Petroglyphs on Petroglyph Point Petroglyphs on Petroglyph Point Petroglyphs on Newspaper Rock State Historic Monument Petroglyphs from Scandinavia (Häljesta, Västmanland in Sweden). ... Tourists on OÊ»ahu, Hawaii Tourism is travel for predominantly recreational or leisure purposes, and also refers to the provision of services in support of this act. ... Look up Award in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Historic preservation, heritage management, or heritage conservation is the theory and practice of creatively maintaining the historic built environment and controlling the landscape component of which it is an integral part. ...

History

Early locations

On April 3, 1848, the Chicago Board of Trade (CBOT) opened for business at 101 South Water Street. When 122 members were added in 1856, the location was moved to the corner of South Water and LaSalle Streets. After another temporary relocation west on South Water Street in 1860, the first permanent home was established inside the Chamber of Commerce Building on the corner of LaSalle and Washington in 1865. In 1871, the Great Chicago Fire destroyed this building. The exchange reopened in a temporary location two weeks after the fire in a 90-ft by 90-ft wooden building known as "The Wigwam" at the intersection of Washington and Market Streets,^[6] before reclaiming its home in a new building constructed at the Chamber of Commerce location one year later. April 3 is the 93rd day of the year (94th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 272 days remaining. ... Year 1848 (MDCCCXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Monday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... LaSalle Street is a major north-south street in Chicago. ... Chambers of commerce are business advocacy groups which are usually not associated with government. ... Artists rendering of the fire, by John R Chapin, originally printed in Harpers Weekly The Great Chicago Fire was a conflagration that burned from Sunday October 8 to early Tuesday October 10, 1871, killing hundreds and destroying about four square miles in Chicago, Illinois. ... The Wigwam - 1860 Republican National Convention & 1864 Democratic National Convention Headquarters The Wigwam, which was located in Chicago at Lake Street and Market (later Wacker Drive) near the Chicago River, was the site of both the 1860 Republican National Convention and the 1864 Democratic National Convention. ...

Permanent home

A new home for the CBOT began construction in 1882 and opened at the current location on May 1, 1885. It was designed by architect William W. Boyington, known previously for his work on the Chicago Water Tower. Built from structural steel and Maine granite, with a rear of enameled brick, the edifice was 10 stories tall and featured a 320 foot tower containing a large clock and 4,500 pound bell, which was topped by a 9 foot by 8 foot copper weather vane in the shape of a ship. Construction cost $1.8 million. With 4 elevators and a great hall 80 feet high decorated by a stained-glass skylight and ornate stone balusters,^[7] it was the first commercial building in Chicago to feature electric lighting.^[8] It was also the first building in the city to exceed 300 feet in height and at the time was the tallest building in Chicago. In 1895, the clock tower was removed and the "tallest building in Chicago" record was then held by the 302 foot tall Masonic Temple Building.^[9] Built on caissons surrounded by muck, the trading house was rendered structurally unsound in the 1920s when construction began across the street on the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago. The 1885 building was subsequently demolished in 1929,^[10] and the exchange temporarily relocated to Van Buren and Clark while while a new building was constructed at the LaSalle and Jackson site. May 1 is the 121st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (122nd in leap years). ... 1885 (MDCCCLXXXV) is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Boyingtons limestone entrance of Rosehill Cemetery William W. Boyington (1818-1898) was an architect who designed several notable structures in and around Chicago, Illinois, among them the Chicago Water Tower, the entrance gate of Rosehill Cemetery, and Joliet Prison. ... The 1866 pumping station located across Michigan Avenue from the Water Tower. ... Official language(s) None (English de facto; French is also an administrative language) Capital Augusta Largest city Portland Area Ranked 39th - Total 33,414 sq mi (86,542 kmÂ²) - Width 210 miles (338 km) - Length 320 miles (515 km) - % water 13. ... Quarrying granite for the Mormon Temple, Utah Territory. ... In a discussion of art technology, enamel (or vitreous enamel, or porcelain enamel in American English) is the colorful result of fusion of powdered glass to a substrate through the process of firing, usually between 750 and 850 degrees Celsius. ... General Name, Symbol, Number copper, Cu, 29 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 11, 4, d Appearance metallic pinkish red Standard atomic weight 63. ... Weather vane Weather cock Aerovane A weather vane, also called a wind vane, is a movable device attached to an elevated object such as a roof for showing the direction of the wind. ... A page of fanciful balusters from A Handbook of Ornament, Franz S. Meyer, 1898 A baluster (through the French balustre, from Italian balaustro, from balaustra, pomegranate flower [from a resemblance to the post], from Lat. ... An incandescent light bulb and its glowing filament. ... Chicago downtown Chicago has the tallest building in the United States, the Sears Tower, and many slightly shorter buildings, almost all in the Loop or along North Michigan Avenue. ... The Masonic Temple Building was a skyscraper built in Chicago, Illinois in 1892. ... A caisson is: In engineering, a retaining structure used, for example, to work on the foundations of a bridge pier. ... Muck is a soil made up primarily of humus from drained swampland. ... Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, located at the corner of LaSalle and Jackson streets. ... Chicagos Clark Street is occasionally a diagonal, and occasionally a north-south street running near the shore of Lake Michigan from the city limits with Evanston (where it is called Chicago Avenue, and further north, Green Bay Road) south to Cermak Road. ...

Building details

Architecture

Commissioned in 1925 to architects Holabird & Root, the building was constructed by general contractors Hegeman & Harris for $12 millon. Clad in gray Indiana limestone, topped with a copper pyramid roof, and standing on a footprint running 174 feet east and west on Jackson Boulevard and 240 feet north and south on LaSalle Street, the 605-foot tall art-deco styled building opened on June 9, 1930. It serves as the southern border for the skyscrapers hugging LaSalle Street and remains taller than surrounding structures for several blocks. The Chicago Board of Trade has operated continuously at its twelfth location since the opening, initially occupying 70,000 of an available 600,000 square feet of floorspace,^[11] and dedicating 19,000 square feet to the world's largest trading floor.^[12] The advent of steel frame structural systems provided the ability for completely vertical construction, but as with many skyscrapers of the era, the exterior was designed with multiple setbacks at increasing heights, which served to allow additional light into the ever increasing concrete valleys in urban cores. At night, the setbacks are upwardly lit by floodlights, further highlighting the structure's vertical elements. Interior decoration includes polished surfaces throughout, use of black and white marble, prominent vertical hallway trim, and an open three-story lobby which at the time of opening housed the world's largest light fixture. Though One LaSalle Street had five more floors, the CBOT building was the first in Chicago to exceed a height of 600 feet. After surpassing the Chicago Temple Building, it was the tallest in Chicago until the Richard J. Daley Center was completed in 1965. It remains the tallest art-deco building outside of Manhattan. Known for their work on the Brooklyn Bridge, the family-operated factory of John A. Roebling supplied much of the 20 miles of wire rope used in the building and all of the cables used in the building's 23 Otis elevators.^[13] Image File history File links Cbot-close-night. ... Image File history File links Cbot-close-night. ... The architectural firm of Holabird & Root was founded in Chicago in 1880 and is still in operation. ... A general contractor is an organization or individual that contracts with another organization or individual (the owner) for the construction of a building, road or other facility. ... The term cladding can have a number of meanings: Regarding optical fiber in telecommunication, cladding is one or more layers of material of lower refractive index, in intimate contact with a core material of higher refractive index. ... This article is about the U.S. State. ... Limey shale overlaid by limestone. ... The Art Deco spire of the Chrysler Building in New York, built 1928â€“1930 City Hall of Buffalo, New York, an Art Deco masterpiece Art Deco was a popular design movement from 1920 until 1939, affecting the decorative arts such as architecture, interior design, and industrial design, as well as... June 9 is the 160th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (161st in leap years), with 205 days remaining. ... Year 1930 (MCMXXX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link is to a full 1930 calendar). ... Steel frame usual refers to a building technique in which a skeleton frame of steel is constructed to support the building which is attached to the frame. ... The term structural system in structural engineering refers to load-resisting sub-system of a structure. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Setbacks on the Pyramid of Djoser. ... Crowded Shibuya, Tokyo shopping district An urban area is an area with an increased density of human-created structures in comparison to the areas surrounding it. ... Interior decoration or dÃ©cor is the art of decorating a room so that it is attractive, easy to use, and functions well with the existing architecture. ... Venus de Milo, front. ... A chandelier light fixture A light fixture or luminaire is an electrical device used to create artificial light or illumination in architecture. ... Chicago Temple Building The Chicago Temple Building is a 173 metre (568 foot) tall skyscraper church located in Chicago, Illinois, United States. ... Richard J. Daley Center is Chicagos premier civic center and features a massive sculpture by Pablo Picasso. ... Manhattan is a borough of New York City, USA, coterminous with New York County. ... For other uses, see Brooklyn Bridge (disambiguation). ... John Augustus Roebling (born Johann August RÃ¶bling, June 12, 1806 in MÃ¼hlhausen - July 22, 1869) was a German-born civil engineer famous for his wire rope suspension bridge designs, in particular, the design of the Brooklyn Bridge. ... Steel wire rope (right hand lay) Wire rope consists of several strands laid (or twisted) together like a helix. ... The Otis Elevator Company is the worlds largest manufacturer of vertical transportation systems, principally elevators and escalators. ...

Artwork

Sculptural work by Alvin Meyer, the onetime leader of Holabird & Root's sculpture department, is prominent on the building's façade. Adjacent to each side of the 13-feet-in-diameter clock facing LaSalle Street are hooded figures, an Egyptian holding grain and a Native American holding corn.^[14] Similar figures are repeated at the uppermost corners of the central tower, just below the sloping roof. About 30 feet above street level, representations of bulls protrude from the building's north side and to a lesser degree on the east side, a reference to a bull market. West facade of the Notre-Dame de Strasbourg Cathedral A facade (or faÃ§ade) (Pronounced fa-sa-de) is generally the exterior of a building â€” especially the front, but also sometimes the sides and rear. ... A clock (from the Latin cloca, bell) is an instrument for measuring time. ... Native Americans are the indigenous peoples from the regions of North America now encompassed by the continental United States, including parts of Alaska. ... Bull and bear statues in front of the Frankfurt Stock Exchange In investing, financial markets are commonly believed to have market trends that can be classified as primary trends, secondary trends (short-term), and secular trends (long-term). ...

The central structure is capped by a 31-foot tall aluminum statue of the Roman goddess of grain, Ceres, as a nod to the exchange's heritage as a commodities market. This statue was assembled from 40 pieces.^[15] As it is located near the forty-five story point, sculptor John H. Storrs believed onlookers from nearby structures would be at too great a distance to clearly see the statue's face, and so it was left blank. Aluminum is a soft and lightweight metal with a dull silvery appearance, due to a thin layer of oxidation that forms quickly when it is exposed to air. ... In Roman mythology, Ceres was the goddess of growing plants (particularly cereals) and of motherly love. ... The word tradition comes from the Latin word traditio which means to hand down or to hand over. ... Commodity is a term with distinct meanings in both business and in Marxian political economy. ...

Removed from the agricultural trading room in 1973, artist John W. Norton's three story mural of Ceres shown bare-breasted in a field of grain underwent extensive restoration in Spring Grove, Illinois by Louis Pomerantz before being displayed in the atrium of the 1980s addition.^[16] John Warner Norton (7 March 1876 - 7 January 1934) was an Illinois muralist and easle artist who pioneered the field in the United States. ... Salle des illustres, ceiling painting, by Jean AndrÃ© Rixens. ... Spring Grove is a village in McHenry County, Illinois, United States. ... Official language(s) English Capital Springfield Largest city Chicago Largest metro area Chicago Area Ranked 25th - Total 57,918 sq mi (149,998 kmÂ²) - Width 210 miles (340 km) - Length 390 miles (629 km) - % water 4. ... Looking up inside the 32-story atrium of the Shanghai Grand Hyatt, part of the Jin Mao Building. ...

Trading floor

On June 16, 1930, Time reported on awed visitors carrying ripe wheat heads curiously viewing the 6-story tall 113 ft. x 163 ft. trading room directly above the lobby and behind the large windows below the clock facing LaSalle Street.^[17]^[18] At the center of the room, traded items are grouped in "pits" such as the corn pit, soybean pit or wheat pit. The individual pits are raised octangonal structures where open outcry trading occurs. Steps up the outside of each octagon provide an amphitheater atmosphere, and enable a large number of traders to see each other and communicate during trading hours. This type of trading pit was patented in 1878. Chicago Board of Trade pit. ... Chicago Board of Trade pit. ... June 16 is the 167th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (168th in leap years), with 198 days remaining. ... Year 1930 (MCMXXX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link is to a full 1930 calendar). ... Time (whose trademark is capitalized TIME) is a weekly American newsmagazine, similar to Newsweek and U.S. News & World Report. ... Trades on the floor of the New York Stock Exchange always involve a face-to-face interaction. ... â€œCornâ€ redirects here. ... Binomial name Glycine max (L.) Merr. ... Species T. aestivum T. boeoticum T. compactum T. dicoccoides T. dicoccon T. durum T. monococcum T. spelta T. sphaerococcum T. timopheevii References: ITIS 42236 2002-09-22 For the indie rock group see: Wheat (band). ... Open outcry occurs on a commodities exchange when traders shout their buy and sell orders. ... The name amphitheatre (alternatively amphitheater) is given to a public building of the Classical period (being particularly associated with ancient Rome) which was used for spectator sports, games and displays. ... In finance, a trader is someone who buys and sells financial instruments such as stocks, bonds and derivatives. ...

The trading area is surrounded by desks allowing workers to support transactions. In the early days of operation, the desks served as a relay point between the pits and those wishing to buy or sell. When trade orders and information began to be communicated by telegraph, morse code operators were employed, later replaced by phone operators. In the late 20th century, electric display boards lined the walls of the trading hall and the advent of electronic trading resulted in computers being placed on desktops. Telegraphy (from the Greek words tele = far away and grapho = write) is the long distance transmission of written messages without physical transport of letters, originally over wire. ... It has been suggested that Farnsworth method and Koch method be merged into this article or section. ... Electronic trading is a mode of trading that uses information technology to bring together a buyer and a seller through electronic media to create a virtual market place. ...

Subsequent additions to the Board of Trade Building moved the agricultural and financial trading floors out of the original trading room and into new spaces in the additions. In 2004 the historic 1930 trading floor, already substantially altered (and unused for more than two years), was demolished and its pits filled with concrete. It was renovated in a modern style and now is leased to a privately-owned options trading firm.^[19] An option contract is an agreement in which the buyer (holder) has the right (but not the obligation) to exercise by buying or selling an asset at a set price (strike price) on (European style option) or before (American style option) a future date (the exercise date or expiration); and...

Expansion

In 1982, a 275-foot (84 meter)^[20] 23-story addition topped by an octagonal ornament shaped siliarly to the terraced trading pits, and designed in a postmodern style by Helmut Jahn, was added to the south side. Colored black and silver, with a sunlit atrium on the 12th floor facing the south wall of the older structure, the annex provided a 4-story granite lined agricultural trading floor, then the world's largest at 32,000 sq. feet. Even as the Sydney Futures Exchange and other markets were ceasing outcry trading, Mayor Richard M. Daley led the groundbreaking on January 17, 1995, for additional expansion into a five-story building to the east designed by architects Fujikawa Johnson and structural engineers TT-CBM. The $175 million structure would add 60,000 square feet of trading space (when opened in 1997) and house the world's largest trading floor.^[21] It was nicknamed the "Arboretum" by some in reference to expansion supporter CBOT Chairman Patrick H. Arbor.^[22] The logo of the CBOT is a graphic representation of a trading pit, and is featured prominently on stonework facing Clark Street and on street level barriers at the service entrance on Van Buren Street. Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 450 Ã— 600 pixels Full resolution (480 Ã— 640 pixel, file size: 49 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Logo of the Chicago Board of Trade from the east side of newest expansion. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 450 Ã— 600 pixels Full resolution (480 Ã— 640 pixel, file size: 49 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Logo of the Chicago Board of Trade from the east side of newest expansion. ... 1000 de La GauchetiÃ¨re, with ornamented and strongly defined top, middle and bottom. ... An illuminated, suspended, oval roof covers the 102m span of the central Forum of the Sony Center, Berlin. ... The Sydney Futures Exchange (SFE) is both a futures exchange and options exchange located in Australia. ... Richard Michael Daley (born April 24, 1942) is a United States politician, powerful member of the national and local Democratic Party and current mayor of Chicago, Illinois. ... Groundbreaking is a traditional ceremony in many cultures that celebrates the first day of construction for a building or other project. ... January 17 is the 17th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1995 (MCMXCV) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...

Renovation

In 2005, the building experienced an extensive $20 million renovation directed by Chicago architect Gunny Harboe, whose restoration work included Loop landmarks the Rookery Building and Reliance Building. The project included restoration of the main lobby with emphasis of the design features of the art-deco era, elevator modernization, façade renovation and cleaning, and the continued renovation of upper floor corridors and hallways.^[23] Though impractically small for modern use, mailboxes in the lobby were restored to original condition and follow the theme of vertical lines found throughout the complex. An improved electrical infrastructure, with 10 main feeds from 7 different Commonwealth Edison electrical substations, was added in addition to redundant cooling systems and upgraded telecommunications capabilities.^[24] Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 450 Ã— 600 pixels Full resolution (480 Ã— 640 pixel, file size: 59 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Mailbox from lobby of Chicago Board of Trade building File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 450 Ã— 600 pixels Full resolution (480 Ã— 640 pixel, file size: 59 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Mailbox from lobby of Chicago Board of Trade building File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other... Renovation is the process of restoring or improving a structure. ... The Rookery Building (209 S. LaSalle St. ... Reliance Building at 32 N. State Street The Reliance Building is the first skyscraper to have large plate glass windows make up the majority of its surface area; forshadowing a feature of skyscrapers that would become dominant in the 20th century. ... Renovation at the Parthenon Refurbishment (restoration) is the process of major maintenance or minor repair of an item, either aesthetically or mechanically. ... A set of lifts in the lower level of a London Underground station. ... West facade of the Notre-Dame de Strasbourg Cathedral A facade (or faÃ§ade) (Pronounced fa-sa-de) is generally the exterior of a building â€” especially the front, but also sometimes the sides and rear. ... Commonwealth Edison (usually called Com Ed by Chicagoans) is an electric company in Illinois owned by Exelon Corporation. ... A 115 kV to 41. ...

When the old CBOT building was demolished in 1929, two 5.5-ton 12-foot tall gray granite statues of classically styled goddesses were moved from the second floor ledge above the main entrance into the gardens of the 500-acre estate of Arthur W. Cutten, a wheat and cotton speculator who went bankrupt during the Great Depression. One goddess represents agriculture and is shown standing with wheat and leaning on a cornucopia. The other represents industry and appears with the bow of a ship and an anvil. The statues were found in 1978 near Glen Ellyn, Illinois by the Forest Preserve District of DuPage County, on land acquired from Cutten's estate. After being displayed in a parking lot at Danada Forest Preserve for several years, both were returned to the CBOT building's plaza and rededicated on June 9, 2005.^[25] Quarrying granite for the Mormon Temple, Utah Territory. ... A Bullish Arthur W. Cutten, Time magazine cover December 10, 1928 Arthur William Cutten (July 6, 1870 - June 24, 1936) was an Canadian-born businessman who gained great wealth and prominence as a commodity trader in the United States. ... The Great Depression was a time of economic down turn, which started after the stock market crash on October 29, 1929, known as Black Tuesday. ... Cornucopia held by the Roman goddess Aequitas on the reverse of this antoninianus struck under Roman Emperor Claudius II. The cornucopia (Latin Cornu Copiae), literally Horn of Plenty and also known as the Harvest Cone, is a symbol of food and abundance dating back to the 5th century BC. In... The bow is the foremost point of the hull of a ship or boat: the point that is ahead when the vessel is underway. ... If you want the band called Anvil, please go to Anvil (band) A blacksmith working iron with a hammer and anvil An anvil is a manufacturing tool, made of a hard and massive block of stone or metal used as a support for chiseling and hammering other objects, such as... Incorporated Village in 1892. ... Official language(s) English Capital Springfield Largest city Chicago Largest metro area Chicago Area Ranked 25th - Total 57,918 sq mi (149,998 kmÂ²) - Width 210 miles (340 km) - Length 390 miles (629 km) - % water 4. ... The Forest Preserve District of DuPage County is a governmental agency headquartered in Wheaton, Illinois. ... June 9 is the 160th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (161st in leap years), with 205 days remaining. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Pedestrian passageways

Sandwiched between the 1930 and 1982 buildings, in the space where a street was formerly located, a wide street-level walkway connects the plaza on LaSalle Street to Van Buren Street between in what would ordinarily be the building's first floor. Passing over the Van Buren Street elevated tracks, a green glass-enclosed steel frame bridge connects the lower southwest corner of the 23-story addition to the Chicago Stock Exchange (although this bridge was closed to pedestrian traffic in the wake of the September 11, 2001 attacks for security reasons). The Chicago Stock Exchange, located in Chicago, Illinois, is the third most active stock exchange in the United States by volume. ... A sequential look at United Flight 175 crashing into the south tower of the World Trade Center The September 11, 2001 attacks (often referred to as 9/11â€”pronounced nine eleven or nine one one) consisted of a series of coordinated terrorist[1] suicide attacks upon the United States, predominantly...

Proximity to transit

Positioned in the southwest corner of the Loop, the building is near two elevated stations of the Chicago 'L'. The Quincy station is 1 block to the west and the LaSalle/VanBuren station is located between the CBOT and the Chicago Stock Exchange. Additionally, CTA Blue Line service is provided at the Jackson and LaSalle stations, each 2 blocks away. Union Station stands 5 blocks to the west on Jackson Boulevard, providing terminal service for Amtrak and select service for Metra. Additional Metra service is provided at the LaSalle Street Station, 2 blocks due south. The L[1], variously, if perhaps incorrectly, styled L, El, EL, or L, is the rapid transit system that serves Chicago, Illinois in the United States. ... The Quincy station as seen from the Outer Loop (Brown Line) platform Quincy is a station on the Chicago Transit Authoritys L system, located in downtown Chicago, Illinois on the Chicago Loop elevated at 220 South Wells Street (directional coordinates 220 south, 200 west). ... LaSalle/Van Buren is an L station serving the CTAs Brown, Orange, Pink, and Purple Lines. ... The Blue Line (OHare-Forest Park-54/Cermak), consists of a 19. ... Jackson is a subway station on the Chicago Transit Authoritys L system, serving the Blue Line. ... LaSalle is a subway station on the Chicago Transit Authoritys L system, serving the Blue Line. ... Union Station is a Chicago train station that opened in 1925, replacing an earlier 1881 station, and is now the only intercity rail terminal in Chicago. ... Terminal Station was also the name of a railway station in Chattanooga, Tennessee; see Chattanooga Choo Choo. ... Acela Express in West Windsor, NJ Amtrak Cascades service with tilting Talgo trainsets in Seattle, Washington Amtrak train in downtown Orlando, Florida For other uses, see Amtrak (disambiguation). ... Metra (officially the Northeast Illinois Regional Commuter Railroad Corporation) is Chicagolands commuter rail system, serving over 200 stations on 11 lines across the Regional Transportation Authoritys six-county service area (Cook, DuPage, Kane, Lake, McHenry and Will Counties) providing over 67 million rides annually. ... LaSalle Street Station is a commuter rail terminal in downtown Chicago, Illinois, serving Metras Rock Island District. ...

Tenants

The Chicago Board of Trade occupies 33 percent of available space, with financial and trading concerns occupying 54 percent of the 3-building complex. In addition to Ceres Restaurant on the first floor of the lobby, other businesses provide personal banking, insurance, travel services, beauty services, and healthcare. Throughout its history, commodities speculators, such as "Prince of the Pit" Richard Dennis, have maintained offices in the building. In 2007, the U.S. Futures Exchange, a competitor of the CBOT formerly known as Eurex US, announced a move from the Sears Tower into the 14th floor of the CBOT building.^[26] Speculation is the buying, holding, and selling of stocks, commodities, futures, currencies, collectibles, real estate, or any valuable thing to profit from fluctuations in its price as opposed to buying it for use or for income - dividends, rent etc. ... Richard J. Dennis, a former commodities speculator known as the Prince of the Pit,[1] was born in Chicago, in January, 1949. ... Eurex is an European derivatives exchange market. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...

In popular culture

Visitors

The landmark has been the site of a number of visits by dignitaries, including the Prince of Wales in October 1977. In 1991, George H.W. Bush became the first President of the United States to visit the Exchange, followed by a visit from Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachov on May 7, 1992. In 1996, former U.S. President Jimmy Carter and wife Rosalyn toured the CBOT while campaigning for son Jack.^[27] During the 1996 Democratic National Convention, U.S. Vice President Al Gore was hosted at the Exchange's Democratic Senatorial Campaign reception.^[28] When U.S. President George W. Bush toured the agricultural trading floor on January 6, 2006, he was hailed from the corn trading pit with "Hook 'em, Horns!", a reference to his home state of Texas.^[29] Interest groups such as the Chicago Architecture Foundation provide scheduled tours showcasing the architecture and selected portions of the trading operations. Order: 41st President Vice President: Dan Quayle Term of office: January 20, 1989 – January 20, 1993 Preceded by: Ronald Reagan Succeeded by: Bill Clinton Date of birth: June 12, 1924 Place of birth: Milton, Massachusetts First Lady: Barbara Pierce Bush Political party: Republican George Herbert Walker Bush, KBE (born... The presidential seal was first used in 1880 by President Rutherford B. Hayes and last modified in 1959 by adding the 50th star for Hawaii The President of the United States of America is the head of state and head of government of the United States. ... Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev (Russian: ; Pronunciation: mih-kha-ILL ser-GHE-ye-vich gor-bah-CHOFF) (born March 2, 1931), was leader of the Soviet Union from 1985 until 1991. ... May 7 is the 127th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (128th in leap years). ... 1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday. ... This article is becoming very long. ... White House portrait Eleanor Rosalynn Smith Carter (born August 18, 1927) is the former First Lady of the United States. ... John William Jack Carter, (born July 3, 1947), is an American businessman and politician who unsuccessfully ran for the United States Senate in Nevadain 2006. ... The 1996 Democratic National Convention took place in Chicago, Illinois. ... Federal courts Supreme Court Chief Justice Associate Justices Elections Presidential elections Midterm elections Political Parties Democratic Republican Third parties State & Local government Governors Legislatures (List) State Courts Counties, Cities, and Towns Other countries Politics Portal The Vice President of the United States is the first in the presidential line of... Albert Arnold Gore, Jr. ... The United States Senate is the upper house of the U.S. Congress, smaller than the United States House of Representatives. ... George Walker Bush (born July 6, 1946) is the 43rd and current President of the United States, inaugurated on January 20, 2001. ... January 6 is the 6th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 359 days (360 in leap years) remaining. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Mano cornuto. ... Official language(s) No Official Language See languages of Texas Capital Austin Largest city Houston Area Ranked 2nd - Total 261,797 sq mi (678,051 kmÂ²) - Width 773 miles (1,244 km) - Length 790 miles (1,270 km) - % water 2. ... The Chicago Architecture Foundation is a nonprofit group in Chicago, Illinois, USA, dedicated to increasing the publics understanding of architecture and design. ...

Film

Movie star Will Rogers once roped a group of men in the pit during a visit. Trading operations have been used as scenes in movies such as Ferris Bueller's Day Off,^[30] and the streetscape in the LaSalle Street canyon is used in the movies The Untouchables and Road to Perdition.^[31] Film critic Roger Ebert complimented the use of the location in the 2005 film Batman Begins,^[32]^[33] in which film the building was depicted as the headquarters of the fictional Wayne Enterprises. Known as the original teen comedy, Ferris Buellers Day Off is a 1986 comedy film written and directed by John Hughes. ... The Untouchables is a 1987 film, directed by Brian De Palma, based on the 1959 ABC television series, which, in turn, was based on Eliot Nesss autobiographical account of his efforts to bring Al Capone to justice. ... Road to Perdition is a graphic novel written by Max Allan Collins and illustrated by Richard Piers Rayner that was made into a motion picture of the same name in 2002. ... Film criticism is the analysis and evaluation of films, individually and collectively. ... Roger Joseph Ebert (born June 18, 1942) is a Pulitzer Prize winning American film critic. ... Film is a term that encompasses individual motion pictures, the field of film as an art form, and the motion picture industry. ... Batman Begins is a 2005 superhero film based on the fictional DC Comics character Batman. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ...

Graphic arts

Although depicted with the tower in a Rand McNally map from 1893, later lithographs of the first 141 Jackson Street location display a red roofed building without a tower. Memorabilia of the current building is abundant, with postcards of panoramic scenes from LaSalle Street, the clock, and lighted upper decks having been produced for decades. In views from the Museum Campus, the building's crown is framed by the middle floors of the taller Sears Tower in the background. Photographer Andreas Gursky has used the location for still life prints, e.g. 1997s Chicago Board of Trade, I and 1999s Chicago Board of Trade, II. Title page of the 1879 Business Atlas, from DavidRumsey. ... In its most general sense, a panorama is any wide view of a physical space. ... Andreas Gursky (1955 - ) is a German photographer known for the highly textured feel of his enormous photographs often using a high point of view. ... A still life is a work of art which represents a subject composed of inanimate objects. ...

Literature

The building and trading pits of the 1885 building were prominently featured in The Pit, the second novel by Frank Norris in the Epic of Wheat trilogy. The Pit is a 1903 novel by Frank Norris. ... Benjamin Franklin Norris (5 March 1870, Chicago â€“ 25 October 1902) was an American novelist during the Progressive Era, writing predominantly in the naturalist genre. ... A trilogy is a set of three works of art, usually literature or film, that are connected and can generally be seen as a single work as well as three individual ones. ...

Events

Awards

Position in Chicago's skyline

Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 Ã— 192 pixel Image in higher resolution (2560 Ã— 614 pixel, file size: 778 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg)55 East Erie is labeled incorrectly. ...

Gallery

References and notes

^ National Register of Historical Places - Illinois (IL), Cook County. National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service (2007-03-02).
^ Chicago Board of Trade Building. City of Chicago Department of Planning and Development, Landmarks Division (2003). Retrieved on 2007 February 22.
^ National Historic Landmarks Survey: Listing of National Historic Landmarks by State: Illinois. Retrieved on 2007 March 30.
^ Chicago Board of Trade Building. National Park Service. Retrieved on 2007 March 30.
^ Chicago Board of Trade, Chicago. Buildings Database. Emporis. Retrieved on 2007 March 16.
^ Early History. Retrieved on 2007 February 24.
^ Original Board of Trade building. Retrieved on 2007 February 26.
^ Architectural Details. Retrieved on 2007 February 24.
^ Board of Trade Building, Chicago. Retrieved on 2007 March 19.
^ Original Chicago Board of Trade Building. Retrieved on 2007 February 24.
^ Original CBOT floorspace. Retrieved on 2007 February 26.
^ History of CBOT. Retrieved on 2007 February 26.
^ 20 Miles of Wire Rope. Retrieved on 2007 February 26.
^ Time references building artwork. Retrieved on 2007 February 26.
^ Time references Ceres statue. Retrieved on 2007 February 26.
^ Error on call to Template:cite web: Parameters url and title must be specified. Retrieved on 2007 February 26.
^ "Ceres in Chicago", Time Magazine, 1930-06-16. Retrieved on 2007-02-26.
^ Time notes size of trading room. Retrieved on 2007 February 26.
^ "CBOT Leases 1930 Trading Floor to PEAK6", PEAK6 Investments, LP, 2004-02-24. Retrieved on 2007-03-16.
^ Chicago Board of Trade. SkyscraperPage.com (2007). Retrieved on 2007 April 5.
^ Chronological History of CBOT. Retrieved on 2007 February 26.
^ Aboretum nickname. Retrieved on 2007 February 26.
^ 2005 Renovations (2005). Retrieved on 2007 February 24.
^ Infrastructure improvements. Retrieved on 2007 February 24.
^ Sculpture replacement. Retrieved on 2007 February 24.
^ Eurex moving to CBOT. Retrieved on 2007 February 27.
^ Jimmy Carter visit. Retrieved on 2007 February 26.
^ Prominent Visitors. Retrieved on 2007 February 22.
^ President hailed from corn pit.. Retrieved on 2007 February 27.
^ Filming Location for Ferris Bueller's Day Off. Retrieved on 2007 February 26.
^ Road to Perdition locations. Retrieved on 2007 February 25.
^ Ebert comments on Batman Begins. Retrieved on 2007 February 25.
^ Filming Location for Batman Begins. Retrieved on 2007 February 25.
^ CBOT Receives Landmarks Illinois' Annual Real Estate and Building Award. Retrieved on 2007 February 21.
^ CBOT Receives Building Owners and Managers Association of Chicago Building of the Year award. Retrieved on 2007 February 22.

class="preview" id="pv276"> 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... February 25 is the 56th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... February 22 is the 53rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... March 30 is the 89th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (90th in leap years). ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... March 30 is the 89th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (90th in leap years). ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... March 16 is the 75th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (76th in leap years). ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... February 24 is the 55th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... February 26 is the 57th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... February 24 is the 55th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... March 19 is the 78th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (79th in leap years). ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... February 24 is the 55th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... February 26 is the 57th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... February 26 is the 57th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... February 26 is the 57th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... February 26 is the 57th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... February 26 is the 57th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... February 26 is the 57th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... February 26 is the 57th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... February 26 is the 57th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... March 16 is the 75th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (76th in leap years). ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... April 5 is the 95th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (96th in leap years). ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... February 26 is the 57th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... February 26 is the 57th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... February 24 is the 55th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... February 24 is the 55th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... February 24 is the 55th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... February 27 is the 58th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... February 26 is the 57th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... February 22 is the 53rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... February 27 is the 58th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... February 26 is the 57th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... February 25 is the 56th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... February 25 is the 56th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... February 25 is the 56th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... February 21 is the 52nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the Anno Domini (common) era. ... February 22 is the 53rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Contents

History

Early locations

Permanent home

Building details

Architecture

Artwork

Trading floor

Expansion

Renovation

Pedestrian passageways

Proximity to transit

Tenants

In popular culture

Visitors

Film

Graphic arts

Literature

Events

Awards

Position in Chicago's skyline

Gallery

References and notes

See also

External links

Contents

History GA_googleFillSlot("encyclopedia_square");

Early locations

Permanent home

Building details

Architecture

Artwork

Trading floor

Expansion

Renovation

Pedestrian passageways

Proximity to transit

Tenants

In popular culture

Visitors

Film

Graphic arts

Literature

Events

Awards

Position in Chicago's skyline

Gallery

References and notes

See also

External links

History