Chicanismo is a cultural movement by Mexican Americans to recapture their Mexican, Native American culture, which began in the 1930s in the Southwest United States. The god Tlaloc, from the Magliabechi Codex. ... The god Tlaloc, from the Magliabechi Codex. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... Native Americans (also Indians, Aboriginal Peoples, American Indians, First Nations, Alaskan Natives, Amerindians, or Indigenous Peoples of America) are the indigenous inhabitants of The Americas prior to the European colonization, and their modern descendants. ... 1930 (MCMXXX) is a common year starting on Wednesday. ... A compass rose with Southwest highlighted The terms southwest and south west, can refer to: Southwest, the ordinal direction halfway between south and west, the opposite of northeast The Southwest United States Southwest, Western Australia Southwest Airlines The Southwest Biosphere Reserve in Australia; see List of Biosphere Reserves in Australia...

Major themes

The four major themes of Chicanismo are generally considered to be (1) the power of the creative earth and labor upon it, (2) political transformation through powerful leadership, (3) strong familial ties extending back into Mesoamerican pre-history, and (4)spiritually-influenced creative artistic imagination as reflected in the visual arts. Mesoamerica is the region extending from central Mexico south to the northwestern border of Costa Rica that gave rise to a group of stratified, culturally related agrarian civilizations spanning an approximately 3,000-year period before the European discovery of the New World by Columbus. ...

Origins of the phrase

According to California State University at San Francisco professor José B. Cuéllar, the first documented use of "chicamo" was around 1900, when "American Mexicans" in Texas used the phrase chicao as a derogatory term for more recently arrived Mexicanos.[1] Image File history File links Representación pictórica de la Piedra del Sol Representação pictórica da Pedra do Sol File links The following pages link to this file: Aztec calendar Wikipedia:Commons ... The California State University (CSU) is one of three public higher education systems in the state of California. ... 1900 is a common year starting on Monday. ...

The East Palo Alto, California Association states "the most likely source of the word is traced to the 1930 and 40s period, when poor, rural Mexicans, often native Americans, were imported to the US to provide cheap field labor, under an agreement of the governments of both countries." [2] East Palo Alto (often called EPA or East PA) is a city located in San Mateo County, California, United States. ... 1930 (MCMXXX) is a common year starting on Wednesday. ... 1940 (MCMXL) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ...

Professor Cuellar opines that during the late 1950s the meaning of "Chicano" largely transformed from a negative signifier of "Mexican immigrant" into a positive self-identifier of "U.S. natives of mexicano descent." By 1959, high school students of Mexican descent identified themselves proudly as "Chicano". He notes that in the 1990s, other Latino groups began to use the phrase "Chicano" to describe themselves. 1950 was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... For the Temptations album, see 1990 (Temptations album) MCMXC redirects here; for the Enigma album, see MCMXC a. ... Latino refers to anything connected with Romance languages and the associated cultures and ethnicities. ...

Spiritual artistic themes

Graffiti mural of Our Lady of Guadalupe in Boyle Heights, Los Angeles, California.

Departure from Aztlán

• The Legend of Popocatépetl and Iztaccíhuatl. Iztaccíhuatl's father sent him to war in Oaxaca, promising him his daughter Iztaccíhuatl as his wife if he returned (which Iztaccíhuatl's father presumed he would not). Iztaccíhuatl was told her lover was dead and she died of grief. When he returned, he in turn died of grief over losing her. The gods covered them with snow and changed them into mountains. Iztaccíhuatl's mountain was called "Sleeping Woman" because it bears a resemblance to a woman lying on her back. He became the volcano Popocatépetl, raining fire in blind rage at the loss of his beloved.
• Aztlán, the spiritual utopian home of the Chicano people. Aztlán is believed to mean "Place of Whiteness" or "Place of Herons" (Nahuatl aztatl herons/white-plumed birds + tlan(tli) rooted in (as a tooth)/the place of)). During the Spanish conquest of Mexico, the story of Aztlán gained importance and it was reported by Fray Diego Durán (1581) and others to be a kind of Eden-like paradise, free of disease and death, which existed somewhere in the far north. These stories helped fuel Spanish expeditions to what is now the Southwestern United States.
• Our Lady of Guadalupe, a Roman Catholic icon, is the title given to the Virgin Mary after appearing, according to legend, to Saint Juan Diego Cuauhtlatoatzin, an Aztec convert to Catholicism, on Tepeyac Hill near Mexico City in 1531. The icon is currently located behind the main altar of the Basilica of Guadalupe. The icon has inspired art and murals in East Los Angeles.
• Huei tlamahuiçoltica (Nahuatl: "The Great happening") is the title of a 36-page tract written in 1649 by Luis Laso de la Vega, the vicar of the chapel at Tepeyac, which includes an account of the 1531 apparition of the Virgin Mary (as Our Lady of Guadalupe) to Juan Diego, a native convert.
• White Buffalo Calf Woman, in Lakota mythology, is a sacred woman of supernatural origin who gave the Lakota their "Seven Sacred Rituals".

Our Lady of Guadalupe

Image File history File links Download high resolution version (2048x1536, 827 KB) File links The following pages link to this file: Our Lady of Guadalupe ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (2048x1536, 827 KB) File links The following pages link to this file: Our Lady of Guadalupe ... Boyle Heights is a district on the east side of Los Angeles, California, USA. Originally owned by the early L.A. Boyle-Workman family, it was subdivided in 1875 and named after Andrew Boyle. ... ImageMetadata File history File links Download high resolution version (800x800, 378 KB) The Mexica depart from Aztlán. ... ImageMetadata File history File links Download high resolution version (800x800, 378 KB) The Mexica depart from Aztlán. ... Popocatépetl (commonly referred to as Popo) is an active volcano and the second highest peak in Mexico after Pico de Orizaba (5,610m). ... Iztaccíhuatl (alternative spellings include Ixtaccíhuatl or either variant spelled without the accent) is the third highest mountain in Mexico, after Pico de Orizaba (5,610m) and Popocatépetl (5,452m). ... The Mexican state of Oaxaca is in the south west of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec. ... Aztlán (, from Nahuatl Aztlan ) is the legendary ancestral home of the Aztec/Mexica. ... Utopia, in its most common and general positive meaning, refers to the human efforts to create a better society, a perfect society that does not exist (yet). ... Nahuatl is a native language of central Mexico. ... Genera Ardea Zebrilus Philherodias Tigrisoma Ardeola Bubulcus Egretta Agamia Butorides Tigriornis Tigrisoma Gorsachius Syrigma Zonerodius Nycticorax see also: Bittern Heron and reeds, Haronobu Suzuki (1754-1770) Herons are medium to large long-legged, long-necked wading birds of the family Ardeidae, which also includes the egrets and bitterns. ... Spanish conquest and colonization of the Americas began with the arrival in America of Christopher Columbus in 1492. ... Events January 16 - English Parliament outlaws Roman Catholicism April 4 - Francis Drake completes a circumnavigation of the world and is knighted by Elizabeth I. July 26 - The Northern Netherlands proclaim their independence from Spain in the Oath of Abjuration. ... The various meanings of Eden: Garden of Eden Eden programming language Garden of Eden pattern, a term used in cellular automata Eden is the name of a film. ... Our Lady of Guadalupe Our Lady of Guadalupe, a Roman Catholic icon, is the title given to the Virgin Mary after appearing, according to legend, to Saint Juan Diego Cuauhtlatoatzin, an Aztec convert to Catholicism, in the village of Guadalupe (the present-day Gustavo A. Madero, D.F.) near Mexico... The Roman Catholic Church, most often spoken of simply as the Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with over one billion members. ... The Savior (1410s, by Andrei Rublev) An icon (from Greek , eikon, image) is an image, picture, or representation; it is a sign or likeness that stands for an object by signifying or representing it, or by analogy, as in semiotics; in computers an icon is a symbol on the monitor... Gabriel delivering the Annunciation to Mary. ... Tradition maintains that Juan Diego Cuauhtlatoatzin was an indigenous Mexican who had a vision of the Virgin Mary as Our Lady of Guadalupe. ... The Aztecs were a Mesoamerican people of central Mexico in the 14th, 15th and 16th centuries. ... Mexico City (Spanish: Ciudad de México) is the name of a megacity located in the Valley of Mexico (Valle de México), a large valley in the high plateaus (altiplano) at the center of Mexico, about 2,240 metres (7,349 feet) above sea-level, surrounded on most sides... Events January 26 - Lisbon, Portugal is hit by an earthquake-- thousands die October 1 - Battle of Kappel - The forces of Zürich are defeated by the Catholic cantons. ... Exterior view of the modern Basilica. ... East Los Angeles, California (unincorporated community) East Los Angeles (region) This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... Nahuatl (pronounced in two syllables, NA-watl [na. ... A tract is a short written work, usually of a political or religious nature. ... // Events January 30 - King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland is beheaded. ... Licenciado (Spanish: literally bachelor; generally meaning someone licensed to practice (secular or canon) law) Luis Laso de la Vega, (also Luis Lasso de la Vega) was a Mexican-born creole priest. ... Events January 26 - Lisbon, Portugal is hit by an earthquake-- thousands die October 1 - Battle of Kappel - The forces of Zürich are defeated by the Catholic cantons. ... This photograph is claimed to show an apparition of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Zeitoun, Egypt in 1968. ... Blessed Virgin Mary A traditional Catholic picture sometimes displayed in homes. ... Our Lady of Guadalupe Our Lady of Guadalupe, a Roman Catholic icon, is the title given to the Virgin Mary after appearing, according to legend, to Saint Juan Diego Cuauhtlatoatzin, an Aztec convert to Catholicism, in the village of Guadalupe (the present-day Gustavo A. Madero, D.F.) near Mexico... Tradition maintains that Juan Diego Cuauhtlatoatzin was an indigenous Mexican who had a vision of the Virgin Mary as Our Lady of Guadalupe. ... Religious conversion is the adoption of new religious beliefs that differ from the converts previous beliefs; in some cultures (e. ... The White Buffalo Calf Woman, in Lakota mythology, is a sacred woman of supernatural origin who gave the people many of their most sacred rituals. ... The Lakota (also Sioux, Dakota) are a Native American tribe located in the Great Plains area of the United States. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (788x1233, 253 KB) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (788x1233, 253 KB) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ...

Political expression

• See Chicano movement
• See Ignacio M. García, Chicanismo The Forging of a Militant Ethos among Mexican Americans (1997)

Related articles

• Caló
• Rodolfo "Corky" Gonzales
• Pachuco
• Aztlán
• Chicano
• History of Mexican-Americans

Caló is an Argot of Mexican Spanish spoken in the first half of the 20th century in the southwest United States and was associated with the Zoot Suit or Pachuco culture. ... A pachuco was a Chicano youth in the mid-20th century who wore flashy clothes (such as a Zoot Suit). ... Aztlán (, from Nahuatl Aztlan ) is the legendary ancestral home of the Aztec/Mexica. ... A Chicano is a person of Mexican descent born in the United States. ... The History of Mexican-Americans is wide-ranging, spanning more than four hundred years and varying from region to region within the United States. ...

See also

• el movimiento
• "I Am Joaquín: Rodolfo ‘Corky’ Gonzales and the Retroactive Construction of Chicanismo"
• Chicanismo Wiki

The ethnonym Mexican American describes United States citizens of Mexican ancestry (14 million in 2003) and Mexican citizens who reside in the US (10 million in 2003). ... A pachuco was a Chicano youth in the mid-20th century who wore flashy clothes (such as a Zoot Suit). ... Aztl n is the Aztec/Mexica place of origin in Northern Mexico — perhaps in the area of the present-day southwestern US states or perhaps an island in part of the modern Mexican state of Nayarit. ... A Chicano is a person of Mexican descent born in the United States. ... The History of Mexican-Americans is wide-ranging, spanning more than four hundred years and varying from region to region within the United States. ...