The Chief Illiniwek symbol

Chief Illiniwek performing at a football game

Chief Illiniwek was the mascot and official symbol of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign associated with the University's intercollegiate athletic programs from 1926 to February 21, 2007. Chief Illiniwek was generally portrayed by a white student dressed in Sioux regalia and intended to honor the Illiniwek, the state's namesake. The mascot performed during halftime of Illinois football and basketball games, as well as during women's volleyball matches. Image File history File links Illinilogo. ... Image File history File links Illinilogo. ... Image File history File linksMetadata 2006-11-11_-_Chief_Illiniwek. ... Image File history File linksMetadata 2006-11-11_-_Chief_Illiniwek. ... A Corner of Main Quad The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC, U of I, or simply Illinois), is the oldest, largest, and most prestigious campus in the University of Illinois system. ... is the 52nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... Whites redirects here. ... The Sioux (IPA ) are a Native American and First Nations people. ... There was much conflict with a neigboring tribe of aliens!The Illiniwek (also known as the Illini, Illinois, Illinois Confederacy) were a group of six Native American tribes in the upper Mississippi River valley of North America. ... ... United States simply as football, is a competitive team sport that is both fast-paced and strategic. ... This article is about the sport. ... For the ball used in this sport, see Volleyball (ball). ...

For over two decades, Chief Illiniwek was the center of a controversy. At the root of the controversy is the view of many Native Americans and others that the symbol/mascot was a misappropriation of indigenous cultural figures and rituals and that it perpetuated stereotypes about Native American peoples. As a result of this controversy, the NCAA termed Chief Illiniwek a "hostile or abusive" mascot and image in August 2005^[1] and banned the university from hosting postseason activities as long as it continued to use the mascot and symbol. The Chief Illiniwek symbol Chief Illiniwek performing at a football game Chief Illiniwek was the mascot and official symbol of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign associated with the Universitys intercollegiate athletic programs from 1926 to February 21, 2007. ... The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA, often pronounced N-C-Double-A or N-C-Two-A ) is a voluntary association of about 1,200 institutions, conferences, organizations and individuals that organizes the athletic programs of many colleges and universities in the United States. ...

Background

Chief Illiniwek and the Chief Illiniwek logo — a stylized front view of a Native American face and headdress — are trademarks of the University of Illinois. Licensed use of the logo by the university has been increasingly restrictive as a result of the ongoing controversy. Chief Illiniwek is not based on an actual American Indian chief, nor did a historical figure with this name ever exist.

Chief Illiniwek was sometimes referred to as the University's mascot, though the university's Board of Trustees and its supporters have insisted that symbol was the appropriate label. The beginning of the Chief Illiniwek tradition predated the use of mascots in most sports teams..^[2] To further separate Chief Illiniwek from the mascot label, he was never on the sidelines with the cheerleaders during games (as is typical for university sports mascots) and in recent years he did not perform at road games, although, in some cases, this was because other universities would not permit the mascot to perform at their home games.^{[citation needed]} Despite the local mascot/symbol controversy, standard English usage prefers the term "mascot." Millie, once mascot of the City of Brampton, is now the Brampton Arts Councils representative. ...

During sporting events, the Chief was portrayed by a student selected via audition and wearing traditional Lakota (Sioux) regalia sold to the University marching band by Chief Frank Fools Crow. The portrayal also included a dance of unknown origins, possibly adapted from early 20th century fancy dancing via the Boy Scouts (see History, below). His dance corresponded to the music and lyrics of the "Three in One" performed by the university band, which is an arrangement of three original songs entitled "The March of the Illini," "Hail to the Orange," and "Pride of the Illini."^[3] The Chief performed only at major sporting events hosted by the university. The stated intent of the Chief was to celebrate the Native American heritage of the state of Illinois. Eddie Plenty Holes, a Sioux Indian photographed about 1899. ... The Marching Illini (MI) is the marching band of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. ... Frank Fools Crow, (died 1989) was a Native American Lakota Sioux spiritual leader. ... Fancy dance, or pan-Indian dancing, is a style of dance originally created by members of the Lakota peoples around the turn of the 20th Century in an attempt to preserve their culture and religion at a time when practicing it was largely illegal. ... For the Boy Scouting program within the BSA, see Boy Scouting (Boy Scouts of America). ... Official language(s) English[1] Capital Springfield Largest city Chicago Largest metro area Chicago Metropolitan Area Area  Ranked 25th  - Total 57,918 sq mi (140,998 km²)  - Width 210 miles (340 km)  - Length 390 miles (629 km)  - % water 4. ...

Chief Illiniwek's final official appearance was at an Illinois Fighting Illini men's basketball game on February 21, 2007. The Chief received a long standing ovation, and his departure was described by many in attendance as a very sad day for Illini fans. In protest and mourning, hundreds of students donned black shirts for the second half of the game.^[4] The student portraying the Chief, Dan Maloney, strayed from tradition to return to center court and acknowledge the fans.^[1] NCAA Tournament Champions 1915(MNC) NCAA Tournament Final Four 1949, 1951, 1952, 1989, 2005 Conference Tournament Champions 2003, 2005 Conference Regular Season Champions 1915, 1917, 1924, 1935, 1937, 1942, 1943, 1949, 1951, 1952, 1963, 1984, 1998, 2001, 2002, 2004, 2005 The Illinois Fighting Illini mens basketball team is a...

History

The origin of Chief Illiniwek dates to 1926, when Ray Dvorak, assistant director of bands at the University of Illinois, conceived the idea of having a Native American war dance performed during halftime of Illinois football games. The first performance occurred on October 30, 1926 at Memorial Stadium during the halftime of a game against the University of Pennsylvania. At the conclusion of his performance, Illinwek was met at midfield by a drum major dressed as the University of Pennsylvania's Quaker mascot, offered a peace pipe, and walked off the field arm in arm.^[1] Student Lester Leutwiler, an Eagle Scout, created the original costume and performed the dance based upon his studies as a Boy Scout. The expression Illiniwek (meaning "the complete human being - the strong, agile human body, and the indomitable human spirit")^[5] was first used in conjunction with the University of Illinois football team by football coach Bob Zuppke, referring to the Illiniwek Confederation of Native Americans who had historically inhabited much of present-day Illinois. Year 1926 (MCMXXVI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Hawaiian State Grappling Championships. ... ... is the 303rd day of the year (304th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1926 (MCMXXVI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Memorial Stadium is a football stadium located in Champaign, Illinois, on the campus of the University of Illinois. ... This article is about the private Ivy League university in Philadelphia. ... Quaker redirects here. ... An Eagle Scout is a Scout with the highest rank attainable in the Boy Scouting program of the Boy Scouts of America (BSA). ... For the Boy Scouting program within the BSA, see Boy Scouting (Boy Scouts of America). ... Robert Carl Zuppke (1879–1957) was the head football coach at the University of Illinois from 1913 until 1941. ... There was much conflict with a neigboring tribe of aliens!The Illiniwek (also known as the Illini, Illinois, Illinois Confederacy) were a group of six Native American tribes in the upper Mississippi River valley of North America. ... Official language(s) English[1] Capital Springfield Largest city Chicago Largest metro area Chicago Metropolitan Area Area  Ranked 25th  - Total 57,918 sq mi (140,998 km²)  - Width 210 miles (340 km)  - Length 390 miles (629 km)  - % water 4. ...

Another student, A. Webber Borchers, was the only Chief to ride on horseback around the field^[1] and solidified the Chief tradition, continuing the performances and soliciting contributions for a permanent costume in 1930. Since then, the costume has been replaced several times, most recently in 1982. The current costume was sold to the University marching band by Frank Fools Crow, chief of the Oglala Sioux (a nation unrelated to the Illiniwek), after being sewn by his wife. The costume contained real eagle feathers, but because eagle feathers are sacred to Native Americans, and because they came from a species protected at that time, the feathers in the headdresses worn by the Chief were replaced with dyed turkey feathers after requests of protesters. Year 1930 (MCMXXX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display 1930 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1982 (MCMLXXXII) was a common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar). ... Frank Fools Crow, (died 1989) was a Native American Lakota Sioux spiritual leader. ... Alternative meaning: Lakota, Côte dIvoire is a département of Côte dIvoire. ... Genera Several, see below. ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ...

Pro-Chief groups and the University's Division of Intercollegiate Athletics suggested that the symbol had the support of the Oglala Sioux^{[citation needed]} while the actual descendants of the Illiniwek opposed the Chief (see Controversy, below). On January 17, 2007, however, the Executive Committee of the Oglala Tribal Council issued a resolution, asking that the University of Illinois to return the regalia to the family of Frank Fools Crow and cease the use of the Chief Illiniwek mascot. The resolution was delivered to the university's Board of Trustees, UI President White, and UIUC Chancellor Herman. UIUC's Native American House was authorized by the Oglala Sioux to distribute the resolution to the public.^[6] The Chief Illiniwek symbol Chief Illiniwek performing at a football game Chief Illiniwek was the mascot and official symbol of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign associated with the Universitys intercollegiate athletic programs from 1926 to February 21, 2007. ...

Chief Illiniwek's dance was derived from "Indian Lore" studies done by university students who had been Boy Scouts. The three- or four-minute dance is based on fancy dance, a style that originated from the Plains Indians as a means of providing a more secular display than purely sacred dancing, and which is practiced today by many Native Americans at pow-wows. The dance has evolved over time; each student who performs the role of the Chief augments the basic performance with his own movements and steps. Although it is claimed the dance is similar to traditional fancy dance, the Chief's routine includes mid-air splits, which are rarely found in Native fancy dance.^{[citation needed]} Only the music has remained unchanged, with the Chief always performing to the Three in One. In the 1990s, literature distributed by the University ceased describing the dance as "authentic."^{[citation needed]} Native American spirituality includes a number of stories and legends that are mythological. ... Fancy dance, or pan-Indian dancing, is a style of dance originally created by members of the Lakota peoples around the turn of the 20th Century in an attempt to preserve their culture and religion at a time when practicing it was largely illegal. ... Original range of the Plains Indians The Plains Indians are the Indians who lived on the plains and rolling hills of the Great Plains of North America. ... This article is about a Native American gathering. ...

Since 1926 a total of 36 different students have performed the role of the Chief.^[7] All but one have been men: one woman, Idelle (Stith) Brooks, served in 1943 due to the shortage of male students during World War II; she was called "Princess Illiniwek." No student portraying Chief Illiniwek was of American Indian heritage,^[8] although Brooks, a journalism major who had grown up on the Osage Reservation in Fairfax, Oklahoma, was described as an "honorary princess of the Osage Indian tribe".^photo[9] Brooks weighed 90 pounds and her Chief regalia weighed 50.^[1] Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... The Osage Nation is a Native American tribe in the United States, which is mainly based in Osage County, Oklahoma, but can still be found throughout America. ... Fairfax is a town located in Osage County, Oklahoma. ...

The Chief appeared at the University's homecoming parade and pep rally until 1991.^[1] For other uses, see Homecoming (disambiguation). ... A cheerleader is flipped upside-down during a pep rally routine before a football game. ...

Controversy

From the mid-1970s, the Chief was the subject of debate at the University of Illinois.^[5] Protests began in October 1989 when Charlene Teters, a graduate student from the Spokane tribe, began protesting the Chief at athletic events after her young son and daughter's reaction to the Chief's dance at a basketball game.^[10] Soon, individuals and organizations, some from outside of the University, began to support the Chief's elimination. Some academic departments adopted official stances in favor of retirement of the symbol. External organizations including the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, the National Education Association, Amnesty International, the Modern Language Association, and Society for the Study of the Indigenous Languages of the Americas also took positions in favor of retiring the Chief.^[11] In November 1989, the Illinois state legislature passed a resolution in support of the Chief.^[1] Charlene Teters Charlene Teters (b. ... Spokane flag The Spokane (or Spokan) are a Native American people in the northeastern portion of the U.S. state of Washington. ... The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP, generally pronounced as EN Double AY SEE PEE) is one of the oldest and most influential civil rights organizations in the United States. ... The National Education Association (NEA) is the largest labor union in the United States, representing many of the countrys teachers along with other school personnel. ... Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Amnesty international Amnesty International (commonly known as Amnesty or AI) is an international non-governmental organization which defines its mission as to undertake research and action focused on preventing and ending grave abuses of the rights to physical and mental integrity, freedom of conscience... The MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers, Fifth Edition The Modern Language Association of America (MLA) is the principal professional association in the United States for scholars of literature and literary criticism. ... The Society for the Study of the Indigenous Languages of the Americas (SSILA) is an international organization founded in 1981 devoted to the study of the indigenous languages of North, Central, and South America. ... The Illinois General Assembly convenes at the Illinois State Capitol in Springfield. ...

Student and alumni organizations, such as the Honor the Chief Society and Chief Illiniwek Educational Foundation, are dedicated to explaining and preserving the tradition of Chief Illiniwek. The Students for the Chief group formed in 1990.^[1] Among the national Native American organizations which called for the retirement of the symbol were the National Congress of American Indians and the National Indian Education Association. At the UIUC campus, the Native American House, the American Indian Studies program, and the Native American student organizations all called for its retirement. The National Congress of American Indians is the oldest, largest and most representative Indian organization in the United States. ...

Chief Illiniwek with the University of Illinois Marching Illini

Those in favor of retiring the Chief contended that the Chief misappropriates Native American culture and perpetuates harmful racial or ethnic stereotypes. They argued that this obstructed the creation of a diverse and tolerant learning community, harmed the reputation of the University, and promoted an inaccurate image of Native Americans. Those in support of the Chief claimed that he was a revered symbol representing not only a proud people but the great spirit of a great university. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2816 × 2112 pixel, file size: 3. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2816 × 2112 pixel, file size: 3. ... The Marching Illini (MI) is the marching band of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. ...

A 1995 ruling by the United States Department of Education found that the Chief did not violate Native American students' civil rights. Also in 1995, the state legislature approved a bill making the Chief the "official symbol" of the University, but Governor Jim Edgar's amendatory veto allowed the decision to remain with the University.^[1] The Lyndon Baines Johnson Department of Education Building[1]) , ED headquarters in Washington, DC A construction project to repair and update the building facade at the Department of Education Headquarters building in 2002 resulted in the installation of structures at all of the entrances to protect employees and visitors from... Civil rights or positive rights are those legal rights retained by citizens and protected by the government. ... James Edgar (born January 22, 1946, Vinita, Oklahoma) is an American politician who was the Governor of Illinois from 1991 to 1999. ...

As a result of student activism calling for support for Native American students and an American Indian Studies program, UIUC established the Native American House and American Indian Studies program in 2003. As reported in the University of Illinois student databook in 2003, students of Native American descent made up 0.2% of the overall student population, and only 0.1% of the faculty are of Native American origin. This is in contrast with the national average of 0.4%. However, it should be noted that the state of Illinois has a lower than average proportion of Native Americans.^[12] Some Illiniwek were forcibly removed from the state of Illinois during the time of Indian Removal. The forced relocation of Indian nations between 1818 and 1833 made way for non-Indians to claim the territory as the state of Illinois.^{[citation needed]} Due to government-sponsored assimilation programs, many Native people moved in the 1950s to large urban areas such as Chicago. Founded in 1953, Chicago's American Indian Center is the oldest urban Indian center in the country, and there is a substantial American Indian population in Chicago. There was much conflict with a neigboring tribe of aliens!The Illiniwek (also known as the Illini, Illinois, Illinois Confederacy) were a group of six Native American tribes in the upper Mississippi River valley of North America. ... Indian Removal was a nineteenth century policy of the government of the United States that sought to relocate Native American tribes living east of the Mississippi River to lands west of the river. ... Nickname: Motto: Urbs in Horto (Latin: City in a Garden), I Will Location in the Chicago metro area and Illinois Coordinates: , Country State Counties Cook, DuPage Settled 1770s Incorporated March 4, 1837 Government  - Mayor Richard M. Daley (D) Area  - City  234. ...

In 2006, the University Board of Trustees opted to study the issue and passed a resolution calling for "a consensus conclusion to the matter of Chief Illiniwek." Many on both sides of the issue find this resolution problematic, given that former trustee Roger Plummer determined that a compromise on the issue was not possible. Thus far, the Board of Trustees has not consulted on the matter with the faculty of the American Indian Studies Program.

In the past few years, opinion polls on the subject have not been much help in defining Native American opinion on the subject. In 2002, a Peter Harris Research Group poll of those who declared Native American ethnicity on a U.S. census showed that 81% of Native Americans support the use of Indian nicknames in high school and college sports, and 83% of Native Americans support the use of Indian mascots and symbols in professional sports. However, the methods and results of this poll have been disputed.^[13] A separate poll conducted by the Native-run newspaper Indian Country Today in 2001 reported that 81% of those polled "indicated use of American Indian names, symbols and mascots are predominantly offensive and deeply disparaging to Native Americans."^{[citation needed]} Indian Country Today is a weekly U.S. newspaper which describes itself as The Nations Leading American Indian News Source. ...

A non-binding student referendum on Chief Illiniwek was conducted in March 2004. Of the approximately one-third of the student body who cast ballots, 69% of the voters favored retention of the Chief.^[14] Faculty have tended to be critical of the Chief.^{[15] [16]}

Position of the Peoria Tribe of Indians of Oklahoma

The Peoria Tribe of Indians of Oklahoma are the closest living descendants of the Illiniwek Confederacy, having been relocated to Oklahoma in the 19th century. The position of the tribal leadership has evolved over the years. In a television interview with WICD-TV in 1995, Don Giles, then Chief of the Peoria Tribe, said, "To say that we are anything but proud to have these portrayals would be completely wrong. We are proud. We're proud that the University of Illinois, the flagship university of the state, a seat of learning, is drawing on that background of our having been there. And what more honor could they pay us?" Supporting Chief Giles was another tribal elder, Ron Froman, who stated that the protesters "don't speak for all Native Americans, and certainly not us."^[5] The Peoria tribe was one of the Native American tribes that formed the Illiniwek tribal group in what is now the Midwest of the United States of America. ... There was much conflict with a neigboring tribe of aliens!The Illiniwek (also known as the Illini, Illinois, Illinois Confederacy) were a group of six Native American tribes in the upper Mississippi River valley of North America. ... Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... WICD-TV is an NBC affiliate located in Champaign, Illinois. ...

Ron Froman was later elected Chief, by which time his views on the Chief Illiniwek symbol had changed. His opinions shifted following meetings with American Indian students attending the University. In April 2000, the tribal council, with Chief Froman's support, passed by the margin of 3 to 2 a resolution requesting "the leadership of the University of Illinois to recognize the demeaning nature of the characterization of Chief Illiniwek, and cease use of this mascots [sic]".^[17] Froman said, "I don't know what the origination was, or what the reason was for the university to create Chief Illiniwek. I don't think it was to honor us, because, hell, they ran our (butts) out of Illinois."^[18] This puts Chief Illiniwek in a position different from that of the mascots of other schools such as Florida State University, whose Native American mascots are not opposed by the leadership of the corresponding tribes. In 2005, a new Chief, John P. Froman, when asked his position by the NCAA, indicated that "the Chief was not representative of our tribe and culture, mainly because the costume is Sioux."^[19] In 2006, in response to a widely published column by journalist George Will in support of the symbol's use, he wrote a letter reiterating the Peoria Tribe's opposition to the symbol and decrying that the "University of Illinois has ignored the tribe’s request for nearly five years."^[20] Florida State University (commonly referred to as Florida State or FSU)[7] is a public research university located in Tallahassee. ... George Frederick Will (born May 4, 1941) is a Pulitzer Prize-winning, conservative American newspaper columnist, journalist, and author. ...

NCAA involvement

In August 2005, the National Collegiate Athletic Association, the primary governing board for intercollegiate athletics, instituted a ban on schools that use what they call "hostile and abusive American Indian nicknames" from hosting postseason games, beginning February 2006. The University of Illinois was among the 18 schools subject to the ban which, among other things, prohibited the University from hosting NCAA-sponsored tournaments. The ban was soon expanded to include Bowl Championship Series-sponsored bowl games, starting with the 2006 football season. The university appealed the ban in October on the grounds that it violates NCAA bylaws and violated institutional autonomy. The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA, often pronounced N-C-Double-A or N-C-Two-A ) is a voluntary association of about 1,200 institutions, conferences, organizations and individuals that organizes the athletic programs of many colleges and universities in the United States. ... BCS Logo 2006-Present with logo of Television Rightsholder Fox Broadcasting Company The Bowl Championship Series (BCS) is designed to pair the top two teams in college football against each other in the BCS National Championship Game, with the winner being the BCS national champion. ...

On November 11, 2005, the NCAA, stating that it had "found no new information relative to the mascot, known as ‘Chief Illiniwek’ or the logo mark used by some athletics teams that depicts a Native American in feathered headdress,"^[21] upheld the ban on the University of Illinois. However, it did allow the continued use of the nicknames "Illini" and "Fighting Illini" by the University because they are based on the name of the state and not of Native American descent. The university appealed the decision again on January 30, 2006, mere days before the deadline.^[22] While the NCAA Executive Committee granted an extension to April 28, the committee's next meeting, to other schools affected by the ban, the University of Illinois requested a longer stay until May 15, the end of the current semester. The Executive Committee ignored the request for a longer stay and denied the university's second appeal while indicating that no further appeals would be entertained.^[23] is the 315th day of the year (316th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Fighting Illini (also known as The Illini) are the intercollegiate athletic teams of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. ...

The Chicago Sun-Times reported on August 31, 2006 that Chief Illiniwek would "no longer be an official university symbol" after the 2006-2007 basketball season. The paper also reported that the ownership of the Chief would be transitioned to an organization called the "Council of Chiefs" and made up of a number of people who have previously portrayed Chief Illiniwek. The next day, however, the University disputed the Sun-Times report. University sources confirmed that several former Chiefs had met with University officials to discuss preserving the symbol's tradition but stated that the so-called "Council of Chiefs" did not exist as a formally organized group. A University spokesman stated that "no decisions have been made" regarding the symbol's fate.^[24] The Chicago Sun-Times is an American daily newspaper published in Chicago. ...

Chief Illiniwek and the Fighting Illini

Some have incorrectly linked Chief Illiniwek with the nickname Fighting Illini. Though many assume that both are based on Illinois' Native American traditions, the name "Illini" was first associated with the school by the student newspaper, which changed its name to The Illini in the late 19th century. (The paper is now called The Daily Illini.) The addition of the adjective "fighting" originated about five years before the appearance of Chief Illiniwek as a tribute to Illinois soldiers killed in World War I.^{[citation needed]} Similarly, the on-campus football venue, Memorial Stadium, was named in honor of these fallen soldiers. As stated above, the NCAA has exempted the names "Illini" and "Fighting Illini" from its ban on "hostile and abusive" Native American imagery, leading many to believe that these names will continue to be used regardless of the fate of Chief Illiniwek. The state of Illinois is named for the Illinois River, which was itself named by French explorers after the indigenous Illiniwek people, a consortium of Algonquian tribes that thrived in the area. The word Illiniwek means "tribe of superior men."^[25] This article is about the people indigenous to the United States. ... The Daily Illini is an independent, student-run newspaper published for the community of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. ... “The Great War ” redirects here. ... This article is about the river in the U.S. state of Illinois. ... Habitants by Cornelius Krieghoff (1852) Habitants is the name used to referred to the French settlers who established a colony in the Haudenosaunee First Nations territory along the shores of the St. ... There was much conflict with a neigboring tribe of aliens!The Illiniwek (also known as the Illini, Illinois, Illinois Confederacy) were a group of six Native American tribes in the upper Mississippi River valley of North America. ... A consortium is an association of two or more individuals, companies, organisations or governments (or any combination of these entities) with the objective of participating in a common activity or pooling their resources for achieving a common goal. ... The Algonquian (also Algonkian) languages are a subfamily of Native American languages that includes most of the languages in the Algic language family (others are Wiyot and Yurok of northwestern California). ...

Retiring Chief Illiniwek

On February 16, 2007, Lawrence Eppley, chair of the board of trustees issued a unilateral ruling retiring Chief Illiniwek.^[26] Chief Illiniwek's last performance, by the final Chief, Dan Maloney of Galesburg, Illinois, took place on February 21, 2007 at the last men's home basketball game of the 2006-2007 regular season, in Assembly Hall.^[27] is the 47th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... Galesburg is a city in Knox County, Illinois, in the United States. ... The Assembly Hall The Assembly Hall The Assembly Hall The Assembly Hall is a large dome-shaped indoor arena located in Champaign, Illinois, and is part of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. ...

On March 13, 2007, the University of Illinois board of trustees voted to retire Illiniwek's name, image and regalia.^[28] is the 72nd day of the year (73rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ...

References

• King, C. Richard, and Charles Fruehling Springwood, eds. (2001). Team Spirits: The Native American Mascots Controversy. Foreword by Vine Deloria Jr. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.
• Spindel, Carol (2002). Dancing at Halftime: Sports and the Controversy Over American Indian Mascots. Updated edition, with a new afterword. New York: New York University Press.

Films

• Chief Video Documentary - The Chief & The Tradition
• In Whose Honor? (1997). Written and produced by Jay Rosenstein. Ho-Ho-Kus, New Jersey: New Day Films.

, Map highlighting Ho-Ho-Kus location within Bergen County. ...

References

Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 212th day of the year (213th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Roger Joseph Ebert (born June 18, 1942) is a Pulitzer Prize-winning American film critic. ... The Chicago Sun-Times is an American daily newspaper published in Chicago. ... is the 53rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... Mattoon is a city in Coles County, Illinois, United States. ... is the 52nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 89th day of the year (90th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2000 (MM) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full 2000 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 17th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 55th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 89th day of the year (90th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2000 (MM) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full 2000 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 320th day of the year (321st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1982 (MCMLXXXII) was a common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 25th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the year. ... is the 51st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... The Daily Illini is an independent, student-run newspaper published for the community of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. ... is the 78th day of the year (79th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 103rd day of the year (104th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the year. ... The Daily Illini is an independent, student-run newspaper published for the community of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. ... is the 318th day of the year (319th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 6th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA, often said NC-Double-A) is a voluntary association of about 1200 institutions, conferences, organizations and individuals that organizes the athletics programs of many colleges and universities in the United States. ... is the 315th day of the year (316th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 31st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Daily Illini is an independent, student-run newspaper published for the community of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. ... is the 118th day of the year (119th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Daily Illini is an independent, student-run newspaper published for the community of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. ... is the 244th day of the year (245th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 110th day of the year (111th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

External links

• University of Illinois Wiki entry
• Retire the Chief.org
• Honor the Chief Society
• Honor The Chief Foundation
• UIUC Native American House statements on Chief Illiniwek, Fighting Illini, UIUC's response to NCAA
• The Chief Illiniwek Dialogue - A report to the Board of Trustees regarding Chief Illiniwek.
• Plummer Report
• Chief Illiniwek Myspace Page
• Chief Illiniwek Educational Foundation.org
• American Psychological Association Resolution calling for Retirement of Native American imagery in sports
• Press Release on NCAA's response to the University of Illinois' appeal
• Progressive Resource/Action Cooperative
• National Coalition on Racism in Sports and the Media (NCRSM)-- Illinois Chapter
• Save Chief Illiniwek
• I-Resist
• Champaign News-Gazette: Former Chiefs gather to celebrate 80th anniversary of symbol
• Last Dance by Chief Illiniwek
• University of Illinois' Announcement Concerning the Chief Illiniwek Tradition
• Official University of Illinois Press Release regarding Retirement
• UIUC Native American House statements on Chief Illiniwek, Fighting Illini, UIUC's response to NCAA

Video

• Video of Chief Illiniwek's last dance

See also

• Peoria (tribe)
• Native American Mascot Controversy