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In Greek mythology, the Chimera (Greek Χίμαιρα (Chímaira); Latin Chimaera) is a monstrous creature of Lycia in Asia Minor, which was made of the parts of multiple animals. Chimera was one of the offspring of Typhon and Echidna and sister of such monsters as Cerberus and the Lernaean Hydra. Look up chimera, Chimaera in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
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This article is about the Italian region. ...
The Louvre Museum (Musée du Louvre) in Paris, France, is one of the largest and most famous museums in the world. ...
The bust of Zeus found at Otricoli (Sala Rotonda, Museo Pio-Clementino, Vatican) Greek mythology is the body of stories belonging to the Ancient Greeks concerning their gods and heroes, the nature of the world and the origins and significance of their own cult and ritual practices. ...
For other uses, see Latin (disambiguation). ...
Lycian rock cut tombs of Dalyan Lycian rock cut tombs of Dalyan Lycia (in Lycian, Trm̃misa (see List of Lycian place names); in ancient Greek, Λυκία and in modern Turkish, Likya) is a region in the modern-day provinces of Antalya and Muğla on the southern coast of Turkey. ...
Anatolia (Greek: ανατολη anatole, rising of the sun or East; compare Orient and Levant, by popular etymology Turkish Anadolu to ana mother and dolu filled), also called by the Latin name of Asia Minor, is a region of Southwest Asia which corresponds today to...
Zeus darting his lightning at Typhon, Chalcidian black-figured hydria, ca. ...
In the most ancient layers of Greek mythology Echidna (ekhis, meaning she viper) was called the Mother of All Monsters. Echidna was described by Hesiod as a female monster spawned in a cave, who mothered with her mate Typhoeus (or Typhon) every major monster in the Greek myths, (Theogony, 295...
Heracles and threatened Cerberus, Attic black-figure neck-amphora, ca. ...
For other uses, see Hydra. ...
Description
Homer's brief description in the Iliad[1] is the earliest literary reference: "a thing of immortal make, not human, lion-fronted and snake behind, a goat in the middle,[2] and snorting out the breath of the terrible flame of bright fire".[3] Hesiod's Theogony follows the Homeric description: he makes the Chimera the issue of Echidna: "She was the mother of Chimaera who breathed raging fire, a creature fearful, great, swift-footed and strong, who had three heads, one of a grim-eyed lion; in her hinderpart, a dragon; and in her middle, a goat, breathing forth a fearful blast of blazing fire. Although some myths tell us that it was the serphant or either the third head which in some descriptions is a dragon would breath a most dreadful blaze of fire. Here did Pegasus and noble Bellerophon slay."[4] The author of Bibliotheke concurs:[5] descriptions agree that it breathed fire. The Chimera is generally considered to have been female (see the quotation from Hesiod above) despite the mane adorning its lion's head. Sighting the chimera[citation needed] was an omen of storms, shipwrecks, and natural disasters (particularly volcanoes). For other uses, see Homer (disambiguation). ...
title page of the Rihel edition of ca. ...
Roman bronze bust, the so-called Pseudo-Seneca, now identified by some as possibly Hesiod Hesiod (Hesiodos, ) was an early Greek poet and rhapsode, who presumably lived around 700 BC. Hesiod and Homer, with whom Hesiod is often paired, have been considered the earliest Greek poets whose work has survived...
Theogony (Greek: Θεογονία, theogonia = the birth of God(s)) is a poem by Hesiod describing the origins and genealogies of the gods of the ancient Greeks, composed circa 700 BC. The title of the work comes from the Greek words for god and seed. // Hesiods Theogony is a large-scale...
In the most ancient layers of Greek mythology Echidna (ekhis, meaning she viper) was called the Mother of All Monsters. Echidna was described by Hesiod as a female monster spawned in a cave, who mothered with her mate Typhoeus (or Typhon) every major monster in the Greek myths, (Theogony, 295...
The Bibliotheke was renowned as the chief work of Greek historian and scholar. ...
For other uses, see Fire (disambiguation). ...
Categories: Stub ...
This list of shipwrecks is of those sunken ships whose remains have been located. ...
Natural Disasters is a young rap group made up of five young teens from the Chicago suburbs. ...
Cleveland Volcano in the Aleutian Islands of Alaska photographed from the International Space Station For other uses, see Volcano (disambiguation). ...
While there are different genealogies, in one version it mated with its brother Orthrus and mothered the Sphinx and the Nemean Lion. Genealogy is the study and tracing of family pedigrees. ...
Image:Geryon herakles vase. ...
For other uses, see Sphinx (disambiguation). ...
The Nemean Lion (Latin: Leo Nemaeus) was a vicious monster in Greek mythology that lived in Nemea. ...
The Chimera was finally defeated by Bellerophon, with the help of Pegasus, at the command of King Iobates of Lycia. Since Pegasus could fly, Bellerophon shot the Chimera from the air, safe from her heads and breath.[6] A scholiast to Homer adds that he finished her off by equipping his spear with a lump of lead that melted when exposed to Chimera's fiery breath and consequently killed her, an image drawn from metalworking.[7] Also the Chimera is mentioned in the movie Mission Impossible 2 as a deadly virus. For other uses, see Bellerophon (disambiguation). ...
Pegasus and Bellerophon, Attic red-figure Pegasus and Bellerophon, from Mabie, Hamilton Wright (Ed. ...
In Greek mythology, Iobates (Greek: Ἰοβάτης) was a Lycian king, father of Antea and Philonoe. ...
Lycian rock cut tombs of Dalyan Lycian rock cut tombs of Dalyan Lycia (in Lycian, Trm̃misa (see List of Lycian place names); in ancient Greek, Λυκία and in modern Turkish, Likya) is a region in the modern-day provinces of Antalya and Muğla on the southern coast of Turkey. ...
Scholium (plural scholia) is the name given to grammatical, critical and explanatory notes or brief commentary whether original or extracted from existing commentaries, which are inserted on the margin of the manuscript of an ancient author as a succinct gloss. ...
The Chimera motif The Chimera was placed in foreign Lycia,[8] but its representations in the arts was wholly Greek.[9] An autonomous tradition, one that did not rely on the written word, was represented in the visual repertory of the Greek vase-painters. The Chimera first appears at an early stage in the proto-Corinthian pottery-painters' repertory, providing some of the earliest identifiable mythological scenes that can be recognized in Greek art. The Corinthian type is fixed, after some early hesitation, in the 670s BCE; the variations in the pictorial representations suggest to Marilyn Low Schmitt[10]a multiple origin. The fascination with the monstrous devolved by the end of the seventh century into a decorative Chimera-motif in Corinth,[11] while the motif of Bellerophon on Pegasus took on a separate existence alone. A separate Attic tradition, where the goats breathe fire and the animal's rear is serpent-like, begins with such confidence that Marilyn Low Schmitt is convinced there must be unrecognized earlier local prototypes. Two vase-painters employed the motif so consistently they are given the pseudonyms the Bellerophon Painter and the Chimaera Painter. The Charioteer of Delphi, Delphi Archaeological Museum. ...
In Etruscan civilization, the Chimera appears in the "Orientalizing" period that precedes Etruscan Archaic art; that is to say, very early indeed. The Chimera appears in Etruscan wall-paintings of the fourth century BCE. Extent of Etruscan civilization and the twelve Etruscan League cities. ...
Robert Graves suggests[12] that "the Chimaera was, apparently, a calendar-symbol of the tripartite year, of which the seasonal emblems were lion, goat and serpent." Robert von Ranke Graves (24 July 1895 – 7 December 1985) was an English poet, scholar, and novelist. ...
In Medieval art, though the chimera of Antiquity was forgotten, chimerical figures appear as embodiments of the deceptive, even Satanic forces of raw nature. Provided with a human face and a scaly tail, as in Dante's vision of Geryon in Inferno xvii.7-17, 25-27, hybrid monsters, actually more akin to the Manticore of Pliny's Natural History (viii.90), provided iconic representations of hypocrisy and fraud well into the seventeenth century, through an emblemmatic representation in Cesare Ripa's Iconologia.[13] The Middle Ages formed the middle period in a traditional schematic division of European history into three ages: the classical civilization of Antiquity, the Middle Ages, and modern times. ...
This article is about the concept of Satan. ...
DANTE is also a digital audio network. ...
Heracles fighting Geryon, amphora by the E Group, ca. ...
Look up inferno, Inferno, infernal in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
Manticore illustration from The History of Four-footed Beasts (1607) For other uses, see Manticore (disambiguation). ...
Naturalis Historia Pliny the Elders Natural History is an encyclopedia written by Pliny the Elder. ...
Cesare Ripa was a 16th-century Italian aesthetician and author of the Iconologia. ...
In more recent times, the term "chimera" has been used to describe real-life entities created as amalgams of previously separate entities in fields such as botany (see chimera (plant)), genetics (see chimera (genetics)), and molecular biology (see chimera (protein)). Chimeras also surface in the Harry Potter books. Chimeras in botany are single organisms composed of two genetically different types of tissue. ...
It has been suggested that Chimarism be merged into this article or section. ...
A Chimera (or chimeric protein) is a human-engineered or in vivo mutated protein that is encoded by a nucleotide sequence made by a splicing together of two or more complete or partial genes or cDNA. The pieces used may be from different species. ...
Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixel Image in higher resolution (1600 × 1200 pixel, file size: 984 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Chimera (mythology) Chimera...
Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixel Image in higher resolution (1600 × 1200 pixel, file size: 984 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Chimera (mythology) Chimera...
The Etruscan Chimera of Arezzo The bronze Chimera of Arezzo is one of the best known examples of the art of the Etruscans. ...
Extent of Etruscan civilization and the twelve Etruscan League cities. ...
Classical sources The myths of the Chimera can be found in Apollodorous' Library (book 1), Homer's Iliad (book 6); Hyginus Fabulae 57; Ovid's Metamorphoses (book VI 339; IX 648) and Hesiod's Theogony 319ff. In three books, the Library of Apollodorous provides a grand summary of traditional Greek mythology and heroic legends. ...
For other uses, see Homer (disambiguation). ...
title page of the Rihel edition of ca. ...
Gaius Julius Hyginus, (c. ...
For other uses, see Ovid (disambiguation) Publius Ovidius Naso (March 20, 43 BC – 17 AD) was a Roman poet known to the English-speaking world as Ovid who wrote on topics of love, abandoned women and mythological transformations. ...
// Cover of George Sandyss 1632 edition of Ovids Metamorphosis Englished The Metamorphoses by the Roman poet Ovid is a poem in fifteen books that describes the creation and history of the world in terms according to Greek and Roman points of view. ...
Roman bronze bust, the so-called Pseudo-Seneca, now identified by some as possibly Hesiod Hesiod (Hesiodos, ) was an early Greek poet and rhapsode, who presumably lived around 700 BC. Hesiod and Homer, with whom Hesiod is often paired, have been considered the earliest Greek poets whose work has survived...
Theogony (Greek: Θεογονία, theogonia = the birth of God(s)) is a poem by Hesiod describing the origins and genealogies of the gods of the ancient Greeks, composed circa 700 BC. The title of the work comes from the Greek words for god and seed. // Hesiods Theogony is a large-scale...
Virgil, in the Aeneid (book 5) employs Chimaera for the name of Gyas' gigantic ship in the ship-race, with possible allegorical significance in contemporary Roman politics.[14] For other uses, see Virgil (disambiguation). ...
Aeneas flees burning Troy, Federico Barocci, 1598 Galleria Borghese, Rome The Aeneid (IPA English pronunciation: ; in Latin Aeneis, pronounced — the title is Greek in form: genitive case Aeneidos) is a Latin epic written by Virgil in the 1st century BC (between 29 and 19 BC) that tells the legendary story...
Species Bletia is a genus of about 30 species of orchids (family Orchidaceae), almost of all of which are terrestrial, some are occasionally lithophytic or epiphytic. ...
Theory about origin - See main article: Chimaera (geography)
"Even in antiquity the Chimaera was regarded as a symbol of the volcanic character of the Lycian soil," Harry Thurston Peck noted. (Peck 1898). Ctesias (as cited by Pliny the Elder and quoted by Photius) identified the Chimaera with an area of permanent gas vents which can still be found today by hikers on the Lycian Way in southwest Turkey. Called in Turkish Yanartaş (flaming rock), it consists of some two dozen vents in the ground, grouped in two patches on the hillside above the Temple of Hephaestus about 3 km north of Çıralı, near ancient Olympos, in Lycia. The vents emit burning methane thought to be of metamorphic origin, which in ancient times sailors could navigate by, and which today the custodian uses to brew tea. (Strabo held the Chimaera to be a ravine on a different mountain in Lycia.) [1] Chimaera in antiquity, in addition to being the name of a monster, was the name of a volcanic site which was held , by euhemerizing geographers, to have inspired the myth. ...
Ctesias of Cnidus (in Caria) (Greek ), was a Greek physician and historian, who flourished in the 5th century BC. In early life he was physician to Artaxerxes Mnemon, whom he accompanied in 401 BC on his expedition against his brother Cyrus the Younger. ...
Pliny the Elder: an imaginative 19th Century portrait. ...
Photius (b. ...
The Lycian Way is a long-distance footpath in Turkey. ...
Hephæstos (pronounced or ; Greek Hēphaistos) was the Greek god whose Roman equivalent was Vulcan; he was the god of technology, blacksmiths, craftsmen, artisans, sculptors, metals and metallurgy, and fire. ...
Çıralı is an agricultural village in southwest of Turkey in Antalya Province. ...
The Roman bath in Olympos - Turkey Olympos is a valley at the south coast of Turkey, 90 km southwest of Antalya city near the Town of Kemer. ...
Lycian rock cut tombs of Dalyan Lycian rock cut tombs of Dalyan Lycia (in Lycian, Trm̃misa (see List of Lycian place names); in ancient Greek, Λυκία and in modern Turkish, Likya) is a region in the modern-day provinces of Antalya and Muğla on the southern coast of Turkey. ...
Methane is a chemical compound with the molecular formula CH4. ...
Quartzite, a form of metamorphic rock, from the Museum of Geology at University of Tartu collection. ...
For other uses, see Tea (disambiguation). ...
The Greek geographer Strabo in a 16th century engraving. ...
In Mathematics Canadian mathematician George Elliott likens the classification of C*-algebras to the Chimera [2]. His famous lecture spoke of the serpent tail of the Chimera passing through to the lion head of the Chimera as a metaphor for inner automorphisms of C*-algebras passing through homomorphisms of C*-algebras. Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ...
Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ...
This word should not be confused with homeomorphism. ...
Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ...
Notes - ^ Iliad VI. 179-182
- ^ Chimaira designated a young goat that had seen but one winter. (Kerenyi 1959:82.
- ^ In Richmond Lattimore's translation.
- ^ Hesiod Theogony 319ff in Hugh Evelyn-White's translation.
- ^ Pseudo-Apollodorus, Bibliothekeii.3.2: "it had the fore part of a lion, the tail of a dragon, and its third head, the middle one, was that of a goat, through which it belched fire. And it devastated the country and harried the cattle; for it was a single creature with the power of three beasts. It is said, too, that this Chimera was bred by Amisodarus, as Homer also affirms,3 and that it was begotten by Typhon on Echidna, as Hesiod relates"
- ^ So Pindar: Olympian odes, 13,87; pseudo-Apollodorus 2, 3,2; Hesiod, Theogony 319 ff.
- ^ Graves, section 75, note
- ^ Homer, Iliad xvi.328, links its breeding to the Trojan ally Amisodarus of Lycia, as a plague for men.
- ^ Anne Roes "The Representation of the Chimaera" The Journal of Hellenic Studies 54.1 (1934), pp. 21-25, adduces Ancient Near Eastern conventions of winged animals who wings end in animal heads.
- ^ This outline of the Chimera motif follows Marilyn Low Schmitt, "Bellerophon and the Chimaera in Archaic Greek Art" American Journal of Archaeology 70.4 (October 1966), pp. 341-347.
- ^ Later coins struck at Sicyon, near Corinth, bear the chimera-motif. (Schmitt 1966:344 note.
- ^ Graves 1960:sect.34.2.
- ^ John F. Moffitt, "An Exemplary Humanist Hybrid: Vasari's "Fraude" with Reference to Bronzino's 'Sphinx'" Renaissance Quarterly 49.2 (Summer 1996), pp. 303-333, traces the chimeric image of Fraud backwards from Bronzino.
- ^ W.S.M. Nicoll, "Chasing Chimaeras" The Classical Quarterly New Series, 35.1 (1985), pp. 134-139.
Richmond Alexander Lattimore (May 6, 1906 - February 26, 1984) was an American poet and translator known for his translations of the Greek classics, especially his versions of the Iliad and Odyssey, still considered superior despite their age. ...
Apollodorus was a common name in ancient Greece. ...
Roman bronze bust, the so-called Pseudo-Seneca, now identified by some as possibly Hesiod Hesiod (Hesiodos, ) was an early Greek poet and rhapsode, who presumably lived around 700 BC. Hesiod and Homer, with whom Hesiod is often paired, have been considered the earliest Greek poets whose work has survived...
Theogony (Greek: Θεογονία, theogonia = the birth of God(s)) is a poem by Hesiod describing the origins and genealogies of the gods of the ancient Greeks, composed circa 700 BC. The title of the work comes from the Greek words for god and seed. // Hesiods Theogony is a large-scale...
Sicyon was an ancient Greek city situated in the northern Peloponnesus between Corinth and Achaea. ...
Andrea Doria as Neptune Agnolo di Cosimo ( 1503, Firenze – 1572, Firenze) (also known as Agnolo Bronzino and Agnolo Tori). ...
See also Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Chimera - Azhi Dahaka, a three-headed Persian dragon associated with deceit and mendacity.
- Nue, a creature from Japanese folklore that is similar in appearance to the Chimera.
- Manticore, another mythological beast that had the head of either a man or a lion (or a mix of the two), the body of a lion and usually the tail of a dragon/snake or a scorpion.
- Qilin, a Chinese mythical creature, thought to bring good luck
- Yali, a Hindu mythological beast.
Image File history File links Commons-logo. ...
Zahak, Zahhak, Zahak-e TÄzi or (Arab Zahak) also knwon as Bivar-Asp, which means [he who has] 10,000 horses in the Pahlavi (middle Persian) language, and Avestan Āži-DahÄk) is a mythical figure of ancient Persia (Iran). ...
The beliefs and practices of the culturally and linguistically related group of ancient peoples who inhabited the Iranian Plateau and its borderlands, as well as areas of Central Asia from the Black Sea to Khotan (modern Ho-tien, China), form Persian mythology. ...
For other uses, see Dragon (disambiguation). ...
Kuniyoshi Utagawa, Taiba (The End), 1852. ...
Japanese folklore is the folklore of Japan. ...
Manticore illustration from The History of Four-footed Beasts (1607) For other uses, see Manticore (disambiguation). ...
A qilin of the Qing dynasty in Beijings Summer Palace A painting by the court artist depicting one of Zheng Hes giraffes in 1414. ...
Chinese mythology is a collection of cultural history, folktales, and religions that have been passed down in oral or written form. ...
Yali (pronounced yaali) is a mythical creature seen in many Hindu temples. ...
Bhavna says there are 300 million gods in Hinduism. ...
Hindu mythology is a term used by modern scholarship for a large body of Indian literature that details the lives and times of legendary personalities, deities and divine incarnations on earth interspersed with often large sections of philosophical and ethical discourse. ...
References - Graves, Robert, (1955) 1960. The Greek Myths (Baltimore: Penguin), section 75.b, pp 252-56
- Kerenyi, Karl, 1959. The Heroes of the Greeks. (London and New York:Thames and Hudson)
- Peck, Harry Thurston, 1898. Harpers Dictionary of Classical Antiquities: "Chimaera" (On-line text)
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