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Encyclopedia > Chinese migration
Map of Chinese Migration during the 1800s - year 1949.

Chinese migration (also known as the Chinese Diaspora) first occurred thousands of years ago, but the mass migration that occurred from the 19th century to 1949 was mainly caused by wars and starvation in mainland China as well as political corruption. Most immigrants were illiterate or poorly educated peasants and coolies (Chinese: 苦力), who were sent to countries such as the Americas, Australia, South Africa, Southeast Asia, Malaya and other places. Image File history File links Metadata No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links Metadata No higher resolution available. ... Year 1949 (MCMXLIX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... ... Coolie refers to unskilled laborers from Asia of the 1800s to early 1900s who were sent to the United States, Australia, New Zealand, North Africa and the West Indies. ... World map showing the Americas CIA political map of the Americas The Americas are the lands of the Western hemisphere or New World consisting of the continents of North America[1] and South America with their associated islands and regions. ... Location of Southeast Asia Southeast Asia is a subregion of Asia. ... Map of Peninsular Malaysia Peninsular Malaysia (Malay: Semenanjung Malaysia) is the part of Malaysia which lies on the Malay Peninsula, and shares a land border with Thailand in the north. ...


According to Lynn Pan's book Sons of the Yellow Emperor, the Chinese coolie emigration began, after slavery had been abolished throughout the British possessions. Facing a desperate shortage of manpower, European merchants were looking to replace African slaves with indentured labourers from China and India. A British Guiana planter found what he was looking for in the Chinese labourers "...their strong physique, their eagerness to make money, their history of toil from infancy..." Lynn Pan (born 1945 in Shanghai), also Ling Pan, is an author and an expert on the Overseas Chinese. ... Slave redirects here. ... This article discusses the history of the slave trade of Africa, and its effect upon the continent. ... British Guiana and its boundary lines, 1896 Flag of British Guiana British Guiana was the name of the British colony on the northern coast of South America, now the independent nation of Guyana. ...


Large numbers of unskilled Chinese were sold as labourers, in the coolie trade, to the colonies overseas in exchange for money to feed their families; this type of trading was known as maai jyu jai (selling piglets : 賣豬仔) by the Chinese, and their lives were extremely miserable. Some tricky labor recruiters promised good pay and good working conditions to get them signed onto three year labor contracts. It was recorded on one pepper estate, 50 coolies hired, only 2 survived in half a year. Most coolies were treated badly and many died in route to South America and South Africa because of bad conditions. Usually, they were cheated out of their wages and were unable to return to China after their contracts expired. South America South America is a continent crossed by the equator, with most of its area in the Southern Hemisphere. ...


Hi history class with ms. G the chinese settled in tampa florida!!! there i gave you one answer go have fun with it B ad I ad T ad C ad H ad E ad S!!! look at caps only

Contents

Chronology of Migration

  • 210 BCE, Qin Shi Huang dispatched Xu Fu to sail overseas in search of elixirs of immortality, accompanied by 3,000 virgin boys and girls. History is entangled in legend; Xu Fu may have settled in Japan.
  • 7-8th century, the Arabs recorded large numbers of Tang traders residing at the mouth of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, and they had families there.
  • 10th century, Arab trader Masuoti recorded in his Golden Ley, in the year 943, he sailed passed Srivijaya and saw many Chinese people farming there especially at Palembang. These people migrated to Nanyang to evade chaos caused by war in Tang Dynasty China.

The monarch known now as Qin Shi Huang (Chinese: ; Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Chin Shih-huang) (November / December 260 BCE – September 10, 210 BCE), personal name Yíng Zhèng, was king of the Chinese State of Qin from 247 BCE to 221 BCE (officially still under the Zhou Dynasty... Xu Fu Xu Fu (Chinese: 徐福) was a court sorceror in Qin Dynasty China. ... For the band, see Tang Dynasty (band). ...   (Chinese: ; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Fu-chien; Postal map spelling: Fukien, Foukien; local transliteration Hokkien from Min Nan Hok-kiàn) is one of the provinces on the southeast coast of the Peoples Republic of China. ... Languages Arabic other minority languages Religions Predominantly Sunni Islam, as well as Shia Islam, Greek Orthodoxy, Greek Catholicism, Roman Catholicism, Alawite Islam, Druzism, Ibadi Islam, and Judaism Footnotes a Mainly in Antakya. ... The Tigris is the eastern member of the pair of great rivers that define Mesopotamia, along with the Euphrates, which flows from the mountains of Anatolia through Iraq. ... Surfer Rosa The Euphrates (IPA: /juːˈfreɪtiːz/; Greek: EuphrátÄ“s; Akkadian: Pu-rat-tu; Hebrew: פְּרָת PÄ•rāth; Syriac: Prâth; Arabic: الفرات Al-Furāt; Turkish: Fırat; Kurdish: فرهات, Firhat, Ferhat, Azeri: FÉ™rat) is the western of the two great rivers that define Mesopotamia (the other... Map of Southeast Asia at end of 12th century. ... Location of Palembang Palembang is a city in the south of the Indonesian island of Sumatra. ... Nanyang (Chinese: ; pinyin: ) is the Chinese name for the geographical region south of China, particularly Southeast Asia. ... For the band, see Tang Dynasty (band). ...

10-15th century

  • Java: Zheng He's compatriot Ma Huan recorded in his book (Chinese: zh:瀛涯胜览) that large numbers of Chinese lived in the Majapahit Empire on Java, especially in Surabaya (Chinese: 泗水). The place where the Chinese lived was called New Village (Chinese: 新村), with many originally from Canton, Zhangzhou and Quanzhou.
  • Cambodia: Envoy of Yuan dynasty, Zhou Daguan (Chinese: 周达观) recorded in his The Customs of Chenla; Chinese: 真腊风土记), that there were many Chinese, especially sailors, who lived there, with many intermarrying with local women.
  • Siam: According to the clan chart of family name Lim, Gan, Ng, Khaw, Cheah, many Chinese traders lived there. Some of the Siamese envoys sent to China were these people.
  • Borneo: Many Chinese lived there as recorded by Zheng He.
  • 1405 Ming dynasty, Tan Sheng Shou, the Battalion Commander Yang Xin and others were sent to Java's Old Port (Palembang; Chinese: 旧港) to bring the absconder Liang Dao Ming (Chinese: 梁道明) and others to negotiate pacification. He took his family and fled to live in this place, where he remained for many years. Thousands of military personnel and civilians from Guangdong and Fujian followed him there and chose Dao Ming as their leader.
  • 1459 Ming emperor sent Hang Li Po to Malacca along with 500 other female attendants, many attendants later married officials serving Mansur Shah as Li Po married the sultan after she accepted conversion to Islam.

This article is about the Java island. ... A modern illustration of Zheng He, by an unidentified artist. ... A page from Ming dynasty woodcut printed edtion of Ying-yai Sheng-lan by Ma Huan Ma Huan(Chinese 马欢),courtesy name Chung-dao宗道, pen name Mountain-woodcutter, born in Hui Ji county of Zhejiang province. ... The Majapahit Empire was an Indianized kingdom based in eastern Java from 1293 to around 1500. ... Location of Surabaya in Indonesia Coordinates: , Country Province Area  - City 274. ... Guangzhou is the capital and the sub-provincial city of Guangdong Province in the southern part of the Peoples Republic of China. ... Zhangzhou (Chinese: ; pinyin: ) is a prefecture-level city in southern Fujian province, Peoples Republic of China. ... The characters 泉州 are also used for SenshÅ«, an alternate name for the former Japanese province of Izumi. ... Capital Dadu Language(s) Mongolian Chinese Government Monarchy Emperor  - 1260-1294 Kublai Khan  - 1333-1370 (Cont. ... Zhou Daguan (1266-1346 A.D.) was a Chinese diplomat under the Emperor Chengzong of Yuan China. ... Anthem Phleng Chat Royal anthem Phleng Sansoen Phra Barami Capital (and largest city) Bangkok1 Official languages Thai Demonym Thai Government Military Junta under Constitutional Monarchy  -  King Bhumibol Adulyadej  -  Prime Minister Surayud Chulanont  -  President of the Council for National Security Gen. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Kalimantan. ... For other uses, see Ming. ... This article is about the Java island. ... Location of Palembang Palembang is a city in the south of the Indonesian island of Sumatra. ... Map of Liang Dao Mings Old Port Palembang. ... Guangdong, often spelt as Kwangtung, is a province on the south coast of the Peoples Republic of China. ...   (Chinese: ; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Fu-chien; Postal map spelling: Fukien, Foukien; local transliteration Hokkien from Min Nan Hok-kiàn) is one of the provinces on the southeast coast of the Peoples Republic of China. ... Artist impression of princess Hang Li Po, wife of Sultan Mansur Shah of Malacca. ... State motto: Bersatu Teguh State anthem: Melaka Maju Jaya Capital Malacca Ruling party Barisan Nasional  - Yang di-Pertua Negeri Mohd Khalil Yaakob  - Ketua Menteri Mohd Ali Mohd Rustam History    - Malacca Sultanate 13th century   - Portuguese control 24 August 1511   - Dutch control 14 January 1641   - British control 17 March 1824   - Japanese occupation... For people named Islam, see Islam (name). ...

See also

The Hai jin (海禁) was a ban on maritime activities during the mid-Ming Dynasty of China. ... Coolie labourer circa 1900 in Zhenjiang, China. ... The Chinese Protectorate was an administrative body responsible for the well-being of ethnic Chinese residents of the Straits Settlements during that territorys British colonial period. ... Languages various Religions Predominantly Taoism, Mahayana Buddhism, traditional Chinese religions, and atheism. ... The workforce is the labour pool in employment. ... A Watt steam engine, the steam engine that propelled the Industrial Revolution in Britain and the world. ... The British East India Company, popularly known as John Company, was founded by a Royal Charter of Queen Elizabeth I on December 31, 1600. ... There were two Opium Wars between Britain and China. ... Picture of a Cantonese districts Association & Temple in Penang, Malaysia. ... Hui (会) is a Chinese term referring to a secret society, derived from its original use as a reference to a meeting. ... A tong (Chinese: å ‚; Cantonese Yale: tong4; Pinyin: táng; literal: hall) is a Chinese American secret society. ... Sangley or Sangley Mestizo is a term used by Filipinos and Europeans to describe a Filipino of half Chinese-Malay blood, or of half Spanish-Chinese blood. ... Peranakan, Baba-Nyonya () and Straits Chinese (; named after the Straits Settlements) are terms used for the descendants of the very early Chinese immigrants to the Nusantara region, including both the British Straits Settlements of Malaya and the Dutch-controlled island of Java among other places, who have partially adopted Malay...

Web References

  1. ^ Spice Route (Sea Route) and ancient Chinese Migration 海上丝路与中国古代的海外移民

References

  • Sons of the Yellow Emperor: A History of the Chinese Diaspora by Lynn Pan ISBN 1-56836-032-0

External links

  • The Encyclopedia of the Chinese Overseas
  • http://encyclopedia.jrank.org/COM_COR/COOLIE.html
  • http://www.newton.mec.edu/angier/DimSum/Emigration-%20Reading%20Lesson.html
  • 南來的緣由

 

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