The renminbi (Simplified Chinese: 人民币; Traditional Chinese: 人民幣; Pinyin: rénmínbì; literally "people's currency") is the official currency in the mainland of the People's Republic of China (PRC).^[1], whose principal unit is the yuan (Simplified Chinese: 元 or 圆; Hanyu Pinyin: yuán; Wade-Giles: yüan). It is issued by the People's Bank of China, the monetary authority of the PRC.^[2] The official ISO 4217 abbreviation is CNY, although also commonly abbreviated as "RMB". The Latinised symbol is ¥. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... ... A fixed exchange rate, sometimes (less commonly) called a pegged exchange rate, is a type of exchange rate regime wherein a currencys value is matched to the value of another single currency or to a basket of other currencies, or to another measure of value, such as gold. ... Â¥9 Chinese price sticker Â¥ is a currency sign used for the following currencies: Chinese yuan (CNY) Japanese yen (JPY) The base unit of the two currencies above share the same Chinese character (圓/å…ƒ/円), pronounced yuan in Mandarin Chinese and en in Standard Japanese. ... Look up Plural in Wiktionary, the free dictionary Plural is a grammatical number, typically referring to more than one of the referent in the real world. ... The Peoples Bank of China (PBC) (Simplified Chinese: 中国人民银行; Traditional Chinese: 中國人民銀行; pinyin: Zhōngguó Rénmín Yínháng ) (not to be confused with the Bank of China or the Central Bank of China) is the central bank of the Peoples Republic of China with the power to... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Traditional Chinese characters refers to one of two standard sets of printed Chinese characters. ... Hanyu Pinyin (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: ), commonly called Pinyin, is the most common variant of Standard Mandarin romanization system in use. ... ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Hanyu Pinyin (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: ), commonly called Pinyin, is the most common variant of Standard Mandarin romanization system in use. ... Wade-Giles, sometimes abbreviated Wade, is a Romanization (phonetic notation and transliteration) system for the Chinese language based on Mandarin. ... The Peoples Bank of China (PBC) (Simplified Chinese: 中国人民银行; Traditional Chinese: 中國人民銀行; pinyin: Zhōngguó Rénmín Yínháng ) (not to be confused with the Bank of China or the Central Bank of China) is the central bank of the Peoples Republic of China with the power to... ISO 4217 is the international standard describing three letter codes (also known as the currency code) to define the names of currencies established by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). ... Â¥9 Chinese price sticker Â¥ is a currency sign used for the following currencies: Chinese yuan (CNY) Japanese yen (JPY) The base unit of the two currencies above share the same Chinese character (圓/å…ƒ/円), pronounced yuan in Mandarin Chinese and en in Standard Japanese. ...

The two special administrative regions, Hong Kong and Macau, have their own respective currencies. According to the one country, two systems principle and the basic laws of the two territories,^{[3] [4]} national laws generally do not apply. Therefore, the Hong Kong dollar and the pataca remain the legal tenders in the two territories, and renminbi, although accepted, is not legal tender. A Special Administrative Region (SAR) of the Peoples Republic of China is an administrative division of the Peoples Republic of China (PRC). ... One country, two systems (Simplified Chinese: 一国两制; Traditional Chinese: 一國兩制; pinyin: yì; guó liǎng zhì; Jyutping: jat1 gwok3 loeng5 zai3; Yale: yāt gwok leúhng jai), is an idea originally proposed by Deng Xiaoping, then Paramount Leader of the Peoples Republic of China (PRC), for the unification of China. ... ISO 4217 Code HKD User(s) Hong Kong Inflation 2. ... The pataca is the monetary unit of Macau (currency code MOP; Chinese: 澳門圓), made up of 100 avos. ...

History

The renminbi was first issued by the People's Bank of China in December 1948, about a year before the Chinese Communist Party's victory in the Chinese Civil War. One of the first tasks of the new communist government was to end the hyperinflation that had plagued China near the end of the Kuomintang (KMT) era. A revaluation occurred in 1955 at the rate of 1 new yuan =10,000 old yuan. The Peoples Bank of China (PBC) (Simplified Chinese: 中国人民银行; Traditional Chinese: 中國人民銀行; pinyin: Zhōngguó Rénmín Yínháng ) (not to be confused with the Bank of China or the Central Bank of China) is the central bank of the Peoples Republic of China with the power to... Communist Party of China flag The Communist Party of China (Simplified Chinese: 中国共产党; Traditional Chinese: 中國共産黨; pinyin: Zhōnggu ngchǎndǎng) is the ruling party of the Peoples Republic of China. ... Combatants Nationalist Party of China Communist Party of China Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Mao Zedong Strength 4,300,000 (July 1946) 3,650,000 (June 1948) 1,490,000 (June 1949) 1,200,000 (July 1946) 2,800,000 (June 1948) 4,000,000 (June 1949) The Chinese Civil War... Certain figures in this article use scientific notation for readability. ... The Kuomintang of China (abbreviation KMT) (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; Hanyu Pinyin: ; Tongyong Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Chung1-kuo2 Kuo2-min2-tang3) [1], also often translated as the Chinese Nationalist Party, is a political party in the Republic of China, now on Taiwan, and is currently the largest political party in...

During the era of the command economy, the value of the RMB was set to unrealistic values in exchange with western currency and severe currency exchange rules were put in place. With the opening of the mainland Chinese economy in 1978, a dual track currency system was instituted, with renminbi usable only domestically, and with foreigners forced to use foreign exchange certificates. The unrealistic levels at which exchange rates were pegged led to a strong black market in currency transactions. A planned economy is an economic system in which economic decisions are made by centralized planners, who determine what sorts of goods and services to produce, and how they are to be priced and allocated. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into underground economy. ...

In the late 1980s and early 1990s, the PRC worked to make the RMB more convertible. Through the use of swap centers, the exchange rate was brought to realistic levels and the dual track currency system was abolished.

The RMB is convertible on current accounts, but not capital accounts. The ultimate goal has been to make the RMB fully convertible. However, partly in response to the Asian financial crisis in 1998, the PRC has been concerned that the mainland Chinese financial system would not be able to handle the potential rapid cross border movements of hot money, and as a result, as of 2003, full convertibility remains a distant goal. Blue = countries in current account surplus; Red = countries in current account deficit, 2005 The current account of the balance of payments is the sum of the balance of trade (exports less imports of goods and services), net factor income (such as interest and dividends) and net transfer payments (such as... The capital account is one of two primary components of the balance of payments. ... The Asian financial crisis was a financial crisis that started in July 1997 in Thailand and affected currencies, stock markets, and other asset prices in several Asian countries, many considered East Asian Tigers. ... Year 1998 (MCMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar). ... Hot money is used in economics to refer to funds which flow into a country to take advantage of a favourable interest rate, and therefore obtain higher returns. ...

Use outside mainland China

Under the one country, two systems policy, Hong Kong maintains a separate currency, the Hong Kong dollar. The RMB is the second most popular currency in Hong Kong and is becoming the principal trading currency in the region.^[5][6] Banks in Hong Kong allow people to maintain accounts in RMB. ^[7] One country, two systems (Simplified Chinese: 一国两制; Traditional Chinese: 一國兩制; pinyin: yì; guó liǎng zhì; Jyutping: jat1 gwok3 loeng5 zai3; Yale: yāt gwok leúhng jai), is an idea originally proposed by Deng Xiaoping, then Paramount Leader of the Peoples Republic of China (PRC), for the unification of China. ... ISO 4217 Code HKD User(s) Hong Kong Inflation 2. ...

Macau, with its own one country, two systems policy, maintains the separate pataca as its currency. The RMB has always had a presence even before the 1999 return to the People's Republic of China from Portugal. Banks in Macau can issue credit cards based on the renminbi, but not loans. Renminbi based credit cards can not be used in Macau's casinos. ^[8] ISO 4217 Code MOP User(s) Macau Inflation 4. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...

Use of the renminbi in Taiwan is illegal. The Republic of China government believes wide usage of the renminbi would create an underground economy and undermine its sovereignty.^[9] Tourists are allowed to bring in up to 20,000 renminbi when visiting Taiwan. These renminbi must be converted to the New Taiwan dollar at trial exchange sites in Matsu and Kinmen.^[10] Taiwan insists that it will not allow full convertibility until the mainland signs a bilateral foreign exchange settlement agreement.^[11] Motto none Anthem National Anthem of the Republic of China Capital Taipei (formerly and de jure Nanking) Largest city Taipei Official languages Standard Mandarin (GuóyÇ”) Government Semi-presidential system  -  President Chen Shui-bian  -  Vice President Annette Lu  -  Premier Chang Chun-hsiung Establishment Xinhai Revolution   -  Independence declared October 10, 1911... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into underground economy. ... Sovereignty is the exclusive right to exercise supreme political (e. ... ISO 4217 Code TWD User(s) Republic of China Inflation 0. ... Matsu can refer to: Matsu, a significant sea goddess in Chinese culture. ... Kinmen (Traditional Chinese: 金門; Hanyu Pinyin: JÄ«nmén; Tongyong Pinyin: Jinmén; Wade-Giles: Chin-men; POJ: Kim-mnÌ‚g; also romanized Quemoy from Southern Min (in early Spanish romanization); literally Golden Door or Golden Gate), located at 24. ... Convertibility is the quality of money which is officially backed by government reserves of a precious metal, probably the gold standard. ...

In Mongolia, the RMB occupies 60% of the local cash circulation. Cambodia and Nepal welcome the renminbi as an official currency and Laos and Myanmar allow it in border provinces. Though unofficial, Vietnam recognizes the exchange of renminbi to đồng.^[12] The front of a 500,000â‚« bill. ...

Yuan and other renminbi units

The base unit of the renminbi is the yuan. As with Chinese numerals, this character has two forms — a common simplified form (元) and a formal form (圆/圓) used to prevent alterations and accounting mistakes. Collection of Chinese yuan (renminbi) paper currency. ... Chinese numerals are characters for writing numbers in Chinese. ...

Yuan is a one syllable word and in Chinese literally means round, after the round shape of ancient Chinese coins by the same name. The Korean and Japanese currency names, won and yen respectively, are cognates of the yuan and have the same Chinese character (hanja/kanji) representation, but in different forms (respectively, 원/圓 and 円/圓), also meaning round in Korean and Japanese. However, they do not share the same names for the subdivisions (fen, jiao). World Opponent Network or WON was an online gaming service, created by Sierra Games as the Sierra Internet Gaming System (SIGS). ... Japanese 10 yen coin (obverse) showing Phoenix Hall of Byodoin Yen is the currency used in Japan. ... Cognates are words that have a common origin. ... Japanese name Kanji: Kana: Korean name Hangul: Hanja: Vietnamese name Quoc Ngu: Hantu: A Chinese character (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; Pinyin: ) is a logogram used in writing Chinese, Japanese, sometimes Korean, and formerly Vietnamese. ... Hanja is the Korean name for Chinese characters. ... Japanese writing Kanji Kana Hiragana Katakana Hentaigana Manyōgana Uses Furigana Okurigana Rōmaji   ) are the Chinese characters that are used in the modern Japanese logographic writing system along with hiragana (平仮名), katakana (片仮名), and the Arabic numerals. ...

One yuan is divided into 10 jiao (角), and one jiao is divided into 10 fen (分). So 3.45 yuan would be spoken of as "3 yuan 4 jiao 5 fen", as opposed to "3 yuan 45 fen". Other names are often used colloquially; see yuan for details. Yuan is also commonly translated into English simply as the "dollar." Collection of Chinese yuan (renminbi) paper currency. ...

Chinese price sticker (€ 1)

Although shop prices in the PRC are usually marked with 元 after the digits, a Y with one or two crossbars (¥) before the numeral digits is also common. Some people using an American keyboard may type CN$ out of convenience, for the ¥ symbol. Image File history File links 9yuan. ... Image File history File links 9yuan. ...

The largest denomination of the renminbi is the 100-yuan note. The smallest is the 1-fen coin or note. All denominations are available as banknotes. The fen notes are now rather insignificant, and the design has not changed since 1953. Since sales tax in China are included in the prices, the fen and jiao have become increasingly unnecessary as prices increase. Chinese retail prices also tend to avoid decimal values (such as $9.98), opting instead for integer values of yuan (such as ¥9 or ¥10).^[13] This article does not cite its references or sources. ... Year 1953 (MCMLIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... A sales tax is a consumption tax charged at the point of purchase for certain goods and services. ...

RMB series

Collection of Chinese yuan (renminbi) banknotes. ¹⁄₁₀ yuan to 10 yuan notes are of the fourth series of the renminbi. 20 to 100 yuan (red) are of the fifth series of the renminbi. The polymer note on the lower right commemorates the third millennium.

The denomination of each banknote is given in Chinese. The numbers themselves are given in financial Chinese numeral characters, as well as Arabic numerals. The denomination and the words 'China People's Bank' are also given in Mongol, Tibetan, Uyghur and Zhuang on the back of each banknote. On the front of the note is also the representation of the denomination in Chinese Braille starting from the fourth series. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1087x1483, 834 KB) Summary Collection of Chinese Yuan (Renminbi) paper notes. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1087x1483, 834 KB) Summary Collection of Chinese Yuan (Renminbi) paper notes. ... The forth series of the renminbi was the series introduced between 1987 and 1997, although the banknotes were dated 1980, 1990, or 1996. ... The fifth series of the renminbi is the current coin and banknote series of the Chinese currency, the renminbi. ... Today, speakers of Chinese use three numeral systems: There is the ubiquitous system of Arabic digits and two ancient Chinese numeral systems. ... Numerals sans-serif Arabic numerals, known formally as Hindu-Arabic numerals, and also as Indian numerals, Hindu numerals, Western Arabic numerals, European numerals, or Western numerals, are the most common symbolic representation of numbers around the world. ... The Mongolic languages are a group of languages spoken in Central Asia. ... The Tibetan language is spoken primarily by the Tibetan people who live across a wide area of eastern Central Asia bordering South Asia, as well as by large number of Tibetan refugees all over the world. ... Uyghur (‎/Uyghurche//, or ‎/Uyghur tili//)[1] is a Turkic language spoken by the Uyghur people in Xinjiang (also called East Turkestan or Uyghurstan), formerly also “Sinkiang” and “Chinese Turkestan,” a Central Asian region administered by China. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Braille code where the word (, French for first) can be read. ...

The use of coins varies from place to place. For example, coins are more often used for values less or equal to ¥1 in Shanghai, but banknotes of the lower value are more often used than coins in Beijing. Shanghai (Chinese: ; pinyin:  ; Wu (Long-short): ZÃ¥nhae; Shanghainese (IPA): ), situated on the banks of the Yangtze River Delta in East China, is the largest city of the Peoples Republic of China and the ninth largest in the world. ... Beijing (Chinese: 北京; pinyin: BÄ›ijÄ«ng; IPA: ;  ), a metropolis in northern China, is the capital of the Peoples Republic of China (PRC). ...

First series

Main article: First series of the renminbi

The first series of Renminbi banknotes was introduced during the Chinese Civil War by the newly-founded People's Bank of China on December 1, 1948, nearly one year before the founding of the People's Republic of China itself. The first series of Renminbi banknotes was introduced during the Chinese Civil War by the newly-founded Peoples Bank of China on December 1, 1948, nearly one year before the founding of the Peoples Republic of China itself. ... Combatants Nationalist Party of China Communist Party of China Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Mao Zedong Strength 4,300,000 (July 1946) 3,650,000 (June 1948) 1,490,000 (June 1949) 1,200,000 (July 1946) 2,800,000 (June 1948) 4,000,000 (June 1949) The Chinese Civil War... The Peoples Bank of China (PBC) (Simplified Chinese: 中国人民银行; Traditional Chinese: 中國人民銀行; pinyin: Zhōngguó Rénmín Yínháng ) (not to be confused with the Bank of China or the Central Bank of China) is the central bank of the Peoples Republic of China with the power to... is the 335th day of the year (336th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1948 (MCMXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Thursday (the link is to a full 1948 calendar). ...

The notes were issued in 12 denominations: ¥1, ¥5, ¥10, ¥20, ¥50, ¥100, ¥200, ¥500, ¥1,000, ¥5,000, ¥10,000 and ¥50,000, with a total of 62 designs. They were officially withdrawn on various dates between April 1, 1955 to May 10, 1955. is the 91st day of the year (92nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1955 (MCMLV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1955 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 130th day of the year (131st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1955 (MCMLV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1955 Gregorian calendar). ...

Second series

Main article: Second series of the renminbi

The second series of Renminbi banknotes was introduced since March 1, 1955. Together with the introduction of the second series, the decimal point was moved 4 places to the left. As a result, one first series ¥10,000 note is equivalent to one second series ¥1 note. The second series of Renminbi banknotes was introduced since March 1, 1955. ... is the 60th day of the year (61st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1955 (MCMLV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1955 Gregorian calendar). ...

Each note has the words "People's Bank of China" as well as the denomination in the Uyghur, Tibetan, Mongol and Zhuang languages on the back, which has since appeared in each series of renminbi notes. Uyghur (‎/Uyghurche//, or ‎/Uyghur tili//)[1] is a Turkic language spoken by the Uyghur people in Xinjiang (also called East Turkestan or Uyghurstan), formerly also “Sinkiang” and “Chinese Turkestan,” a Central Asian region administered by China. ... The Tibetan language is spoken primarily by the Tibetan people who live across a wide area of eastern Central Asia bordering South Asia, as well as by large number of Tibetan refugees all over the world. ... The Mongolic languages are a group of languages spoken in Central Asia. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ...

The denominations available in banknotes were ¥0.01, ¥0.02, ¥0.05, ¥0.1, ¥0.2, ¥0.5, ¥1, ¥2, ¥3, ¥5, ¥10.

The denominations available in coins were ¥0.01, ¥0.02, ¥0.05.

Third series

Main article: Third series of the renminbi

The third series of renminbi banknotes was introduced since April 15, 1962. For the next two decades, the second and third series banknotes were used concurrently. The third series of Renminbi banknotes was introduced since April 15, 1962. ... is the 105th day of the year (106th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1962 (MCMLXII) was a common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1962 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

The denominations available in banknotes were ¥0.1, ¥0.2, ¥0.5, ¥1, ¥2, ¥5, ¥10

The issuance of coins (¥0.1, ¥0.2, ¥0.5, and ¥1) began in 1980.

The third series was phased out over the 1990s and then was recalled completely on July 1, 2000, a date valid for all of the denominations with only one date provided. is the 182nd day of the year (183rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2000 (MM) was a leap year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Fourth series

Main article: Fourth series of the renminbi

The fourth series was introduced between 1987 and 1997, although the banknotes were dated 1980, 1990, or 1996. Unlike the third series, they are still legal tender. Banknotes are available in: The forth series of the renminbi was the series introduced between 1987 and 1997, although the banknotes were dated 1980, 1990, or 1996. ... Year 1997 (MCMXCVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 1980 (MCMLXXX) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1980 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 1990 (MCMXC) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar). ...

¥0.1, ¥0.2, ¥0.5, ¥1, ¥2, ¥5, ¥10, ¥50, ¥100

and newly designed coins of ¥0.1, ¥0.5, and ¥1.

Fifth series

Main article: Fifth series of the renminbi

In 1999, a new series of renminbi banknotes and coins was progressively introduced. The fifth series consists of coins of ¥0.1, ¥0.5, and ¥1 and banknotes of ¥1, ¥5, ¥10, ¥20, ¥50, ¥100 The fifth series of the renminbi is the current coin and banknote series of the Chinese currency, the renminbi. ...

Possible future design

On March 13, 2006, some delegates to an advisory body at the National People's Congress proposed to include Sun Yat-sen and Deng Xiaoping on the renminbi banknotes. However, the proposal is a long way from becoming law.^[14] is the 72nd day of the year (73rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... The Great Hall of the People, where the NPC convenes The National Peoples Congress (全国人民代表大会 in Pinyin: Quánguó Rénmín Dàibiǎo Dàhuì, literally Pan-Nation Congress of the Peoples Representatives), abbreviated PNCOTPR, is the highest... Dr. Sun Yat-sen (November 12, 1866 – March 12, 1925) was a Chinese revolutionary and political leader often referred to as the father of modern China. Sun played an instrumental role in the eventual overthrow of the Qing Dynasty in 1911. ... Deng Xiaoping   (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Teng Hsiao-ping; August 22, 1904–February 19, 1997) was a leader in the Communist Party of China (CCP). ...

Exchange rate

China's currency, which for the previous decade had been tightly pegged at 8.28 renminbi to the U.S. dollar, was revalued on July 21, 2005 to 8.11 per U.S. dollar, following the removal of the peg to the US dollar and pressure from the United States. The People's Bank of China also announced that the renminbi would be pegged to a basket of foreign currencies, rather than being strictly tied to the U.S. dollar, and would be allowed to float trade within a narrow 0.3% daily band against this basket of currencies. The PRC has stated that the basket is dominated by the U.S. dollar, Euro, Japanese yen and South Korean won, with a smaller proportion made up of the British pound, Thai baht, Russian ruble, Australian dollar, Canadian dollar and Singapore dollar. ISO 4217 Code USD User(s) the United States, the British Indian Ocean Territory,[1] the British Virgin Islands, East Timor, Ecuador, El Salvador, the Marshall Islands, Micronesia, Palau, Panama, Caicos Islands, and the insular areas of the United States Inflation 2. ... is the 202nd day of the year (203rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... A basket is an economic term for a group of several securities created for the purpose of simultaneous buying or selling. ... ISO 4217 Code USD User(s) the United States, the British Indian Ocean Territory,[1] the British Virgin Islands, East Timor, Ecuador, El Salvador, the Marshall Islands, Micronesia, Palau, Panama, Caicos Islands, and the insular areas of the United States Inflation 2. ... “EUR” redirects here. ... Japanese 10 yen coin (obverse) showing Phoenix Hall of Byodoin Yen is the currency used in Japan. ... ISO 4217 Code KRW User(s) Republic of Korea Inflation 2. ... “GBP” redirects here. ... ISO 4217 Code THB User(s) Thailand Inflation 4. ... ISO 4217 Code RUB User(s) Russia and self-proclaimed Abkhazia and South Ossetia Inflation 7% Source Rosstat, 2007 Subunit 1/100 kopek (копейка) Symbol руб kopek (копейка) к Plural The language(s) of this currency is of the Slavic languages. ... ISO 4217 Code AUD User(s) Australia, Kiribati, Nauru, Tuvalu, Christmas Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, and Norfolk Island Inflation 3. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Loonie. ... ISO 4217 Code SGD User(s) Singapore, Brunei Inflation 1% Source The World Factbook, 2006 est. ...

As of July 25, 2007 the renminbi traded at 7.5596 yuan per U.S. dollar which is a 9.5% increase since the removal of the peg. There are frequent suggestions that the yuan is undervalued, often on the basis of purchasing power parity analysis (see below). However, some studies suggest that the yuan is not in fact undervalued^[15]. is the 206th day of the year (207th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is now the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... Gross domestic product (by purchasing power parity) in 2006 The Purchasing power parity (PPP) theory was developed by Gustav Cassel in 1920. ...

Purchasing power parity

The World Bank estimated (in World Development Indicators 2006) that, by purchasing power parity, one United States dollar was equivalent to approximately ¥1.9 in 2004. ... Gross domestic product (by purchasing power parity) in 2006 The Purchasing power parity (PPP) theory was developed by Gustav Cassel in 1920. ... ISO 4217 Code USD User(s) the United States, the British Indian Ocean Territory,[1] the British Virgin Islands, East Timor, Ecuador, El Salvador, the Marshall Islands, Micronesia, Palau, Panama, Caicos Islands, and the insular areas of the United States Inflation 2. ... shelby was here 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

The International Monetary Fund estimated (in World Economic Outlook Database, April 2007) that, by purchasing power parity, one United States dollar was equivalent to approximately ¥2.021 in 2004, ¥2.047 in 2005, ¥2.062 in 2006, and is expected to be equivalent to approximately ¥2.095 in 2007. This article needs additional references or sources to facilitate its verification. ... Gross domestic product (by purchasing power parity) in 2006 The Purchasing power parity (PPP) theory was developed by Gustav Cassel in 1920. ... ISO 4217 Code USD User(s) the United States, the British Indian Ocean Territory,[1] the British Virgin Islands, East Timor, Ecuador, El Salvador, the Marshall Islands, Micronesia, Palau, Panama, Caicos Islands, and the insular areas of the United States Inflation 2. ... shelby was here 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is now the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ...

See also

• Chinese lunar coins
• Economy of the People's Republic of China

There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ... The economy of the Peoples Republic of China is the fourth largest in the world when measured by nominal GDP. Its economic output for 2006 was $2. ...

References

Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 2003 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... December 27 is the 361st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (362nd in leap years). ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 2003 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... December 27 is the 361st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (362nd in leap years). ... Year 1990 (MCMXC) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 94th day of the year (95th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is now the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... is the 82nd day of the year (83rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar). ... March 31 is the 90th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (91st in leap years), with 275 days remaining. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is now the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... is the 82nd day of the year (83rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 2003 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 89th day of the year (90th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is now the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... January 13 is the 13th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 2003 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 188th day of the year (189th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is now the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... January 13 is the 13th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is now the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... March 22 is the 81st day of the year (82nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is now the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... March 22 is the 81st day of the year (82nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is now the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... March 21 is the 80th day of the year (81st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is now the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... March 21 is the 80th day of the year (81st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is now the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... is the 72nd day of the year (73rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Peoples Daily (Chinese: 人民日报 Pinyin ) is the official newspaper of the Communist Party of China, published worldwide with a circulation of 3 to 4 million. ... shelby was here 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... February 17 is the 48th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is now the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... January 13 is the 13th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is now the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... is the 65th day of the year (66th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is now the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... March 26 is the 85th day of the year (86th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is now the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... is the 77th day of the year (78th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

External links

• (Chinese) (English) SinoBanknote

• Don's World Coin Gallery - China
• Ron Wise's World Paper Money - China, Peoples Republic ^{Mirror site}
• Tables of Modern Monetary Systems by Kurt Schuler - Asia ^{Mirror site}
• The Global History of Currencies - China
• Global Financial Data data series - China Yuan Renmimbi
• Global Financial Data currency histories table ( Microsoft Excel format)
• How to detect counterfeit Chinese money
• Photographs of all Chinese currency and sound of pronunciation in Chinese
• What is the new Chinese currency regime?
• RMB current exchange rate and historical graphs
• Economist article on Chinese currency valuation
• Discussion on how the basket peg works
• Chinese Bill Tracking

Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...

News

• China Severs Its Currency's Link to Dollar, Washington Post, 21 July 2005
• China lifts currency basket lid, BBC, 10 August 2005
• 1, 2 and 5 fen banknotes to be withdrawn, from Xinhua online.

... is the 202nd day of the year (203rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 222nd day of the year (223rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Han chinese cash coin Currency has been used in China since the New Stone Age, in which Chinese also invented paper money in 9th Century. ... Han chinese cash coin Currency has been used in China since the New Stone Age, in which Chinese also invented paper money in 9th Century. ... Yan State knife money Knife money is the name of large, cast, bronze, knife-shaped coins produced by various governments in China approximately 2500 years ago. ... The origins of the banknote can be traced to flying cash. ... Jiaozi Jiaozi (Chinese: ; pinyin: ) is a form of banknote which appeared in 10th century Sichuan. ... It is the official banknote of Song Dynasty issued in 1160. ... Various shapes of ancient Chinese cash coins. ... A candareen (Traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: ) is a Western term for a traditional measurement of weight in East Asia. ... A mace is an English term for a traditional Chinese measurement of weight in East Asian. ... The tael (兩), PY: Liang, was part of the Chinese system of weights and currency. ... Motto none Anthem National Anthem of the Republic of China Capital Taipei (formerly and de jure Nanking) Largest city Taipei Official languages Standard Mandarin (GuóyÇ”) Government Semi-presidential system  -  President Chen Shui-bian  -  Vice President Annette Lu  -  Premier Chang Chun-hsiung Establishment Xinhai Revolution   -  Independence declared October 10, 1911... Collection of Chinese yuan (renminbi) paper currency. ... User(s) Republic of China Subunit 1/100 cent (分, Fen) Coins None Banknotes 100, 500, 1000, 2000, 2500, 5000, 10 000, 25 000, 50 000, 250 000 CGUs Central bank Central Bank of China Website www. ... The Old Taiwan Dollar (舊臺幣 or 舊台幣; ISO 4217 code TWN), sometimes called Old Taiwan yuan, was the currency of the Taiwan, Republic of China from 1946 to 1949. ... ISO 4217 Code TWD User(s) Republic of China Inflation 0. ... ISO 4217 Code CNY User(s) Mainland of the Peoples Republic of China Inflation 1. ... The first series of Renminbi banknotes was introduced during the Chinese Civil War by the newly-founded Peoples Bank of China on December 1, 1948, nearly one year before the founding of the Peoples Republic of China itself. ... The second series of Renminbi banknotes was introduced since March 1, 1955. ... The third series of Renminbi banknotes was introduced since April 15, 1962. ... The forth series of the renminbi was the series introduced between 1987 and 1997, although the banknotes were dated 1980, 1990, or 1996. ... The fifth series of the renminbi is the current coin and banknote series of the Chinese currency, the renminbi. ... A Special Administrative Region (SAR) of the Peoples Republic of China is an administrative division of the Peoples Republic of China (PRC). ... ISO 4217 Code HKD User(s) Hong Kong Inflation 2. ... The pataca is the monetary unit of Macau (currency code MOP; Chinese: 澳門圓), made up of 100 avos. ... World map showing the location of Asia. ... The afghani is the official currency used in Afghanistan. ... ISO 4217 Code KZT User(s) Kazakhstan Inflation 8. ... Five Kyrgyzstani Som Note (1997) 100 Kyrgystani Som Notes (2002) The Kyrgyzstani Som (sometimes transliterated Sum or Soum) is the currency of the Republic of Kyrgyzstan in Central Asia. ... ISO 4217 Code MNT User(s) Mongolia Inflation 9. ... ISO 4217 Code RUB User(s) Russia and self-proclaimed Abkhazia and South Ossetia Inflation 7% Source Rosstat, 2007 Subunit 1/100 kopek (копейка) Symbol руб kopek (копейка) к Plural The language(s) of this currency is of the Slavic languages. ... The Somoni (Tajik: ) is the currency of Tajikistan. ... The manat is the currency unit of Turkmenistan. ... The som (so‘m in Uzbek) is the currency of Uzbekistan in Central Asia. ... ISO 4217 Code HKD User(s) Hong Kong Inflation 2. ... ISO 4217 Code JPY User(s) Japan Inflation -0. ... The pataca is the monetary unit of Macau (currency code MOP; Chinese: 澳門圓), made up of 100 avos. ... 5000 KPW issued in 2002 The won is the currency of North Korea. ... ISO 4217 Code TWD User(s) Republic of China Inflation 0. ... ISO 4217 Code KRW User(s) Republic of Korea Inflation 2. ... ISO 4217 Code BND User(s) Brunei, Singapore Inflation 0. ... Riel (Khmer: , Symbol ) is the national currency of Cambodia. ... ISO 4217 Code IDR User(s) Indonesia Inflation 6. ... Kip is the currency of Laos. ... ISO 4217 Code MYR User(s) Malaysia Inflation 2. ... The kyat (ISO 4217 code MMK) is the official currency of Myanmar. ... ISO 4217 Code PHP User(s) Philippines Inflation 2. ... ISO 4217 Code SGD User(s) Singapore, Brunei Inflation 1% Source The World Factbook, 2006 est. ... ISO 4217 Code THB User(s) Thailand Inflation 4. ... ISO 4217 Code USD User(s) the United States, the British Indian Ocean Territory,[1] the British Virgin Islands, East Timor, Ecuador, El Salvador, the Marshall Islands, Micronesia, Palau, Panama, Caicos Islands, and the insular areas of the United States Inflation 2. ... ISO 4217 Code VND User(s) Vietnam Inflation 7. ... ISO 4217 Code BDT User(s) Bangladesh Inflation 7% Source The World Factbook, 2005 est. ... The ngultrum (BTN) is the currency of Bhutan, subdivided into 100 chertrums. ... ISO 4217 Code INR User(s) India Inflation 5. ... ISO 4217 Code MVR User(s) Maldives Inflation 6% Source The World Factbook, 2005 est. ... ISO 4217 code: NPR Symbol: ₨ 1/100th unit: paisa Introduced in: 1932 Exchange Rates May 2006 USD exchange: 73. ... The Pakistani rupee (PKR) is the currency of Pakistan. ... ISO 4217 Code LKR User(s) Sri Lanka Inflation rate 11. ... ISO 4217 Code AMD User(s) Armenia and the self proclaimed Nagorno Karabakh Republic Inflation -0. ... ISO 4217 Code AZN User(s) Azerbaijan except Nagorno-Karabakh Inflation 11. ... ISO 4217 Code BHD User(s) Bahrain Inflation 2. ... ISO 4217 Code CYP User(s) Cyprus (except in the self-proclaimed Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus), Akrotiri and Dhekelia Inflation 2. ... ISO 4217 Code EGP User(s) Egypt Inflation 4. ... Georgian 1 lari Georgian 2 lari Georgian 5 lari Georgian 10 lari Georgian 50 lari Georgian 100 lari The lari (Georgian: ლარი ; ISO 4217:GEL) is the national currency of Georgia. ... ISO 4217 Code IRR User(s) Iran Inflation 15. ... ISO 4217 Code IQD User(s) Iraq Inflation rate 33% Source The World Factbook, 2005 est. ... ISO 4217 Code ILS User(s) Israel, Palestinian Authority Inflation 1. ... The Jordanian dinar (ISO 4217 code JOD) is the official currency of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan and the first official one in the State of Palestine. ... ISO 4217 Code KWD User(s) Kuwait Inflation 3. ... ISO 4217 Code LBP User(s) Lebanon Inflation 4. ... ISO 4217 Code OMR User(s) Oman Inflation 1. ... ISO 4217 Code QAR User(s) Qatar Inflation 7. ... ISO 4217 Code SAR User(s) Saudi Arabia Inflation 1. ... ISO 4217 Code SYP User(s) Syria Subunit 1/100 piastre Symbol S£ [] Coins 1, 2, 5, 10, 25 pounds Banknotes 1, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000 pounds Central bank Central Bank of Syria Website www. ... TRY banknotes and coins The Turkish new lira is the current currency of Turkey and of the de facto state Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. ... ISO 4217 Code AED User(s) United Arab Emirates Inflation 4. ... 1000 Yemeni Rial The rial or riyal is the currency of Yemen. ...