Chinese House (Potsdam)

Chinoiserie^[1] refers to a recurring theme in European artistic styles since the seventeenth century, which reflects Chinese art and is characterized by the use of fanciful imagery of an imaginary China, by asymmetry in format and whimsical contrasts of scale, and by the attempts to imitate Chinese porcelain and the use of lacquerlike materials and decoration. Chinoiserie entered the European repertory in the mid-to-late seventeenth century; its popularity peaked around the middle of the eighteenth century, when it was easily assimilated into rococo, then declined somewhat, foir it seemed to European eyes the very antithesis of neoclassicism. Chinoiserie is expressed entirely in the decorative arts of Europe, and its expression in architecture was entirely in the field of whimsical follies. By contrast, the serious transformations that Chinese models effected in the eighteenth century, on the plain style of Early Georgian English furniture, notable in the cabriole leg, or on the "naturalistic" style of English landscape gardening, are not considered instances of "Chinoiserie". Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1024x769, 369 KB) Summary Originally uploaded to the German Wikipedia by Stonx. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1024x769, 369 KB) Summary Originally uploaded to the German Wikipedia by Stonx. ... The Chinese House The Chinese House (German: Chinesische Haus) is a garden pavilion in Sanssouci Park in Potsdam. ... An art movement is a tendency or style in art with a specific common philosophy or goal, followed by a group of artists during a restricted period of time (usually a few months, years or decades). ... Chinese Jade ornament with flower design, Jin Dynasty (1115-1234 AD), Shanghai Museum. ... Symmetry is a characteristic of geometrical shapes, equations and other objects; we say that such an object is symmetric with respect to a given operation if this operation, when applied to the object, does not appear to change it. ... This article is concerned with the porcelain wares of China, from early times until the present day. ... North side of the Catherine Palace in Tsarskoye Selo - carriage courtyard: all the stucco details sparkled with gold until 1773, when Catherine II had gilding replaced with olive drab paint. ... Late Baroque classicizing: G. P. Pannini assembles the canon of Roman ruins and Roman sculpture into one vast imaginary gallery (1756) Neoclassicism (sometimes rendered as Neo-Classicism or Neo-classicism) is the name given to quite distinct movements in the decorative and visual arts, literature, theatre, music, and architecture that... The decorative arts are traditionally defined as ornamental and functional works in ceramic, wood, glass, metal, or textile. ... Broadway Tower, Worcestershire, England The folly at Wimpole Hall, Cambridgeshire, England, built in the 1700s to resemble Gothic-era ruins In architecture, a folly is an extravagant, frivolous or fanciful building, designed more for artistic expression than for practicality. ... Cabriole legged marble topped table atop a Lavar Kerman antique carpet. ... The term English garden or English park is used in many languages to refer to the style of informal landscape gardening which was popular in the United Kingdom from the mid 18th century to the early 19th century, and is particularly associated with Capability Brown. ...

The "Chinese" cabinet at Nymphenburg Palace is panelled in Chinese lacquer removed from screens

From the Renaissance to the 18th century Western designers attempted to imitate the technical sophistication of Chinese ceramics with only partial success. Direct imitation of Chinese designs in faience began in the late 17th century, was carried into European porcelain production, most naturally in tea wares, and peaked in the wave of rococo Chinoiserie (ca. 1740-1770). ImageMetadata File history File links Download high resolution version (500x726, 59 KB) Description: Chinesisches Kabinett, Schloss Nymphenburg, München. ... ImageMetadata File history File links Download high resolution version (500x726, 59 KB) Description: Chinesisches Kabinett, Schloss Nymphenburg, München. ... View from the Park The Nymphenburg Palace (German: Schloss Nymphenburg) is a Baroque palace in Munich, Bavaria, Germany. ... The Renaissance (French for rebirth, or Rinascimento in Italian), was a cultural movement in Italy (and in Europe in general) that began in the late Middle Ages, and spanned roughly the 14th through the 17th century. ... This article is concerned with the porcelain wares of China, from early times until the present day. ... Faience or faïence is the conventional name in English for fine tin-glazed earthenware on a delicate pale buff body. ... “Fine China” redirects here. ...

Earliest hints of Chinoiserie appear in the early 17th century, in the arts of the nations with active East India Companies, Holland and England, then by mid-17th century, in Portugal as well. Tin-glazed pottery made at Delft and other Dutch towns adopted genuine blue-and-white Ming decoration from the early 17th century. After a book by Johan Nieuhof was published the 150 pictures encouraged chinoiserie, and became especially popular in the 18th century. Early ceramic wares at Meissen and other centers of true porcelain naturally imitated Chinese shapes for dishes, vases and tea wares. But in the true Chinoiserie décor fairyland, mandarins lived in fanciful mountainous landscapes with cobweb bridges, carried flower parasols, lolled in flimsy bamboo pavilions haunted by dragons and phoenixes, while monkeys swung from scrolling borders. The British East India Company, sometimes referred to as John Company, was the first joint-stock company (the Dutch East India Company was the first to issue public stock). ... Tin-glazed pottery is pottery covered in glaze containing tin oxide which is white, shiny and opaque. ... Coordinates: Country Netherlands Province South Holland Area (2006)  - Municipality 24. ... For other uses, see Ming. ... Johan Nieuhof Johan Nieuhof (Uelsen, 22 July 1618 - Madagascar, 8 October 1672) was a Dutch traveler who also wrote about his trips to Brazil, China and India. ... Old town of Meißen. ... “Fine China” redirects here. ...

The "Chinese Village" at Tsarskoe Selo commissioned by Catharine the Great

The Kew Gardens Pagoda at the Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew, London

Pleasure pavilions in "Chinese taste" appeared in the formal parterres of late Baroque and Rococo German and Russian palaces, and in tile panels at Aranjuez near Madrid. The whole Chinese Villages were built in Drottningholm, Sweden and Tsarskoe Selo, Russia. Thomas Chippendale's mahogany tea tables and china cabinets, especially, were embellished with fretwork glazing and railings, ca 1753 - 70, but sober homages to early Qing scholars' furnishings were also naturalized, as the tang evolved into a mid-Georgian side table and squared slat-back armchairs suited English gentlemen as well as Chinese scholars. Not every adaptation of Chinese design principles falls within mainstream "chinoiserie." Chinoiserie media included "japanned" ware imitations of lacquer and painted tin (tôle) ware that imitated japanning, early painted wallpapers in sheets, after engravings by Jean-Baptiste Pillement, and ceramic figurines and table ornaments. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Cross (Krestovy) Bridge in the 19th century. ... Tsarskoye Selo (Царское Село in Russian, may be translated as “Tsar’s Village”), a former residence of the royal families and visiting nobility 24 km south of St. ... Catherine II of Russia Catherine II the Great (2 May 1729 — 6 November [O.S. 17 November] 1796), born Sophie Augusta Fredericka of Anhalt-Zerbst, — sometimes referred to as an epitome of the enlightened despot — reigned as Empress of Russia for more than three decades, from June 28, 1762 until... Pagoda at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew Image by ChrisO File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Pagoda at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew Image by ChrisO File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... “Kew Gardens” redirects here. ... Kew is a place in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames in South West London. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... Aranjuez is a town in the southern part of Autonomous Community of Madrid in central Spain and is the southernmost, and 48 km south of the city of Madrid. ... Motto: (Spanish for From Madrid to Heaven) Location Coordinates: , Country Spain Autonomous Community Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid Province Madrid Administrative Divisions 21 Neighborhoods 127 Founded 9th century Government  - Mayor Alberto Ruiz-Gallardón Jimémez (PP) Area  - Land 607 km² (234. ... Cross (Krestovy) Bridge in the 19th century. ... The Drottningholm Palace is the private residence of the Swedish royal family. ... Tsarskoye Selo (Царское Село in Russian, may be translated as “Tsar’s Village”), a former residence of the royal families and visiting nobility 24 km south of St. ... A provincial Chippendale-style chair with elaborate Gothick tracery back Thomas Chippendale (June 5, 1718 – November 13, 1779), born at Farnley near Otley, West Yorkshire, was a London cabinet-maker and furniture designer in the mid-Georgian, English Rococo, and Neoclassical styles. ... Flag (1890-1912) Anthem Gong Jinou (1911) Territory of Qing China in 1892 Capital Shengjing (1636-1644) Beijing (1644-1912) Language(s) Chinese Manchu Mongolian Government Monarchy Emperor  - 1636-1643 Huang Taiji  - 1908-1912 Xuantong Emperor Prime Minister  - 1911 Yikuang  - 1911-1912 Yuan Shikai History  - Establishment of the Late... Engraving is the practice of incising a design onto a hard, flat surface, by cutting grooves into it. ... Jean-Baptiste Pillement - Landscape with cattle (Louvre) Jean-Baptiste Pillement (Lyon, 24 May 1728 -- Lyon, 26 April 1808) was a painter and designer, known for his exquisite and delicate landscapes, but whose importance lies primarily in the engravings done after his drawings and their influence in spreading the Rococo style...

A Vienna porcelain jug, 1799, decorated to imitate another rare Chinese product, lacquer

Small pagodas appeared on chimneypieces and full-sized ones in gardens. Kew has a magnificent garden pagoda designed by Sir William Chambers, a replica of which was built in Munich's Englischer Garten. Though the rise of a more serious approach in Neoclassicism from the 1770s onward tended to squelch such Oriental folly, at the height of Regency "Grecian" furnishings, the Prince Regent came down with a case of Brighton Pavilion, and Chamberlain's Worcester china manufactory imitated gaudy "Imari" wares. While classical styles reigned in the parade rooms, upscale houses, from Badminton House (where the "Chinese Bedroom" was furnished by William and John Linnell, ca 1754) and Nostell Priory to Casa Loma in Toronto, sometimes feature an entire guest room decorated in the chinoiserie style, complete with Chinese-styled bed, phoenix-themed wallpaper, and china. Later exoticisms added imaginary Turkish themes, where a "diwan" became a sofa. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 420 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (849 × 1212 pixel, file size: 914 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 420 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (849 × 1212 pixel, file size: 914 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ... In a general sense, lacquer is a clear or coloured coating, that dries by solvent evaporation only and that produces a hard, durable finish that can be polished to a very high gloss, and gives the illusion of depth. ... A pagoda at Sibu, Sarawak, Malaysia This article is about the building style. ... Kew is a place in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames in South West London. ... The central courtyard of Chambers Somerset House in London. ... For other uses, see Munich (disambiguation). ... The Englischer Garten or English Garden is a large park in central Munich, Germany. ... Late Baroque classicizing: G. P. Pannini assembles the canon of Roman ruins and Roman sculpture into one vast imaginary gallery (1756) Neoclassicism (sometimes rendered as Neo-Classicism or Neo-classicism) is the name given to quite distinct movements in the decorative and visual arts, literature, theatre, music, and architecture that... George IV (George Augustus Frederick) (12 August 1762 – 26 June 1830) was king of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and Hanover from 29 January 1820 until his death. ... The Royal Pavilion The Royal Pavilion is a splendid palace built in Brighton, East Sussex in the 19th Century as a seaside retreat for the then Prince Regent. ... It has been suggested that Arita (porcelain) be merged into this article or section. ... Badminton House is a large country house in Gloucestershire, England, and has been the principal seat of the Dukes of Beaufort since the late 17th century. ... A promotional photograph from the late 1990s. ... Nostell Priory in 1880. ... Casa Loma Casa Loma (literally House on the Hill) is a Toronto, Ontario, Canada tourist attraction and the former home of financier Sir Henry Mill Pellatt. ... Fenghuang sculpture, Nanning city, Guangxi, China. ... This article should be split into multiple articles accessible from a disambiguation page. ... Sofa may refer to: A piece of furniture also called a couch or Davenport. ...

The term is also used in literary criticism to describe a mannered "Chinese-esque" style of writing, such as that employed by Ernest Bramah in his Kai Lung stories, Barry Hughart in his Master Li & Number Ten Ox novels and Stephen Marley in his Chia Black Dragon series.^[2] Ernest Bramah Smith (1868-1942) was a British author, better known by his pen name, Ernest Bramah. ... Kai Lung is a fictional character in a series of books by Ernest Bramah. ... Barry Hughart (born March 13, 1934) is classified as a fantasy author. ... Stephen Ragga Marley was born April 20, 1972 and is the second son of Rita and Bob Marley. ... Chia Black Dragon is the eponymous anti-hero of a dark fantasy series of novels written by Stephen Marley. ...

Notes

1. ^ A French term, signifying "Chinese-esque".
2. ^ Marley rejects the chinoiserie label in favour of his own term, "Chinese Gothic".

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Chinoiserie

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See also

• Orientalism
• Japonism

For the book by Edward Said, see Orientalism (book). ... Van Gogh - Portrait of Pere Tanguy Example of ukiyo-e influence in Western art Japonism (also in French Japonisme and Japonaiserie) is the influence of Japanese art on Western, primarily French, artists. ...

External links

• (Getty Museum) "Imagining the Orient" exhibition, 2004-05.
• Chinoiserie Style Guide. British Galleries. Victoria and Albert Museum. Retrieved on 2007-07-17.
• Entry in encyclopedia.com
• Example of Chinoiserie in French Style Harpsichord
• Antique Chinoiserie Accessories
• Honour, Hugh. 1961. Chinoiserie: The Vision of Cathay (London: John Murray)