Chivalric Orders were created by European monarchs after the failure of the Crusades. The memory of the crusading military orders became idealized and romanticized, resulting in the late medieval notion of chivalry, and is reflected in the Arthurian romances of the time. This article is about the medieval crusades. ... Flag of the Knights Templar A military order is a Christian order of knighthood that is founded for crusading, i. ... Bors Dilemma - he chooses to save a maiden rather than his brother Lionel Chivalry[1] is a term related to the medieval institution of knighthood. ... King Arthur is an important figure in the mythology of Britain. ...

Later Medieval Europe

D'Arcy Boulton (1987) classifies other chivalric orders of the 14th and 15th centuries into the following categories: DArcy Jonathan Dacre Boulton, JD, Ph. ...

1.Monarchical Orders, with the presidency attached to a monarch.

1. the Order of Saint George, founded by Charles I of Hungary in 1325/6
2. the Order of the Garter, founded by Edward III of England in ca. 1348
3. the Order of the Most Holy Annunciation, founded by Amadeus VI, Count of Savoy in 1362.
4. the Order of the Dragon, founded in 1408 by Sigismund of Hungary
5. the Order of the Golden Fleece, founded by Philip III, Duke of Burgundy in 1430
6. the Order of St Michel, founded by Louis XI of France in 1469

post-medieval foundations are the Order of Saint Stephen (1561), the Order of the Holy Spirit (1578), the Order of the Thistle (1687) and the Order of Saint Joseph(1807) The Order of Saint George (Орден Святого Георгия in Russian, or Orden Svyatogo Georgiya) was introduced by Catherine the Great on November 26, 1769. ... Charles I of Hungary Charles I of Hungary (Anjou France 1288 or 1291–Visegrád, Hungary July 16, 1342), also called Charles Robert, Carobert and Charles I Robert, was the king of Hungary from August 27, 1310. ... Events January 7:Alfonso IV becomes the King of Portugal. ... The insignia of a knight of the Order of the Garter. ... This article is about the King of England. ... April 7 - Charles University is founded in Prague. ... The Supreme Order of the Most Holy Annunciation () was the primer dynastic order of the Kingdom of Italy, which ceased to be a national order when the kingdom became a republic in 1946. ... Coat of Arms of the Counts of Savoy. ... Centuries: 13th century - 14th century - 15th century Decades: 1310s 1320s 1330s 1340s 1350s - 1360s - 1370s 1380s 1390s 1400s 1410s Years: 1357 1358 1359 1360 1361 - 1362 - 1363 1364 1365 1366 1367 See also: 1362 state leaders Events Under Edward III, English replaces French as Englands national language, for the... The Order of the Dragon (Latin Societas Draconistrarum, German Der Drachenorden, Hungarian Sárkány Lovagrend, Romanian Ordinul Dragonului, Serbian Витешки ред Змаја) was an order of selected nobles modeled on the Order of Saint George of Hungary. ... This article is about the year. ... Sigismund, aged approximately 50, depicted by unknown artist in the 1420s — the only contemporary portrait. ... The founder, Philip the Good , with at least six other Members wearing collars, 1447-8 Philip III, Duke of Burgundy, with the collar of the Order The Order of the Golden Fleece (Spanish: Orden del Toisón de Oro) is an order of chivalry founded in 1430 by Duke Philip... Philip III, Duke of Burgundy (Philip the Good or Philippe le Bon) (1396–1467) was Duke of Burgundy from 1419 until his death. ... // Events May 23 - Joan of Arc is captured by the Burgundians while leading an army to relieve Compiègne The Ottoman Empire captures Thessalonica from the Venetians First use of optical methods in the creation of Art A map of Europe in 1430. ... The Order of St Michel was the first French chivalric order, founded by Louis XI of France in 1469, in competitive response to the Burgundian Order of the Golden Fleece founded by by Philip the Good, duke of Burgundy, Louis chief competitor for the allegiance of the great houses of... Louis XI (July 3, 1423 – August 30, 1483), called the Prudent (French: ) and the Universal Spider (Old French: luniverselle aragne) or the Spider King, was the King of France from 1461−83. ... Events July 26 - Battle of Edgecote Moor October 17 - Prince Ferdinand of Aragon wed princess Isabella of Castile. ... The Sacred Military Order of Saint Stephen, Pope and Martyr is an Order of the former Grand Duchy of Tuscany. ... The Order of the Holy Spirit, also known as the Order of the Knights of the Holy Spirit, (French: LOrdre du Saint Espirt; LOrdre des Chevaliers du Saint Esprit) was an Order of Chivalry under the French Monarchy. ... James VII ordained the modern Order. ... The Order of Saint Joseph was instituted in 1807 by Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of Tuscany during his reign as Grand Duke of Wurzburg. ...

2. Confraternal Orders:

• Princely Orders, founded by princes; most of these were founded in imitation of the Golden Fleece, after 1430.
  1. Order of Saint Catherine, founded by Humbert, Dauphin du Viennois in ca. 1335
  2. Order of St. Anthony, founded by Albrecht I of Bavaria in 1384
  3. Society of the Eagle, founded by Albrecht von Habsburg in 1433
  4. Society of Our Lady (also known as the Order of the Swan), founded by Friedrich II of Brandenburg in 1440
  5. Order of Saint Hubert, founded by Gerhard V of Jülich and Berg in 1444
  6. Order of the Crescent, founded by René d'Anjou in 1448
  7. Society of Saint Jerome, founded by Friedrich II of Wettin in 1450
• Baronial Orders, like the Order of Saint Hubert (Barrois, (1422)) and the Noble Order of Saint George of Rougemont Also called Confraternity of Saint-Georges of Burgundy (Franche-Comté, 1440)

3. Fraternal Orders, formed ad-hoc for a certain enterprise Greater Cross: Badge Greater Cross: Star Order of St Catherine (Russian: Императорский Орден Святой Екатерины) is an award of Imperial Russia. ... Events Abu Said dies and the Ilkhan khanate ends Slavery abolished in Sweden Charles I of Hungary allies with Poland against the Hapsburgs and Bohemians Carinthia and Carniola come under Habsburg rule. ... It has been suggested that this article be split into multiple articles accessible from a disambiguation page. ... Duke Albert I or Albrecht (July 25, 1336, Munich – December 13, 1404, The Hague) was a feudal ruler of the counties of Holland, Hainaut, and Zeeland in the Low Countries. ... Year 1384 was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. ... Year 1433 was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. ... For alternative meanings, see number 1440. ... Events March 2 - Gjergj Kastriot Skanderbeg proclaimed commander of the Albanian resistance April 16 - Truce of Tours. ... René dAnjou, René I of Naples (René I the Good, French Le bon roi René) (January 16, 1409–July 10, 1480), was Duke of Anjou, Count of Provence (1434–1480), Count of Piedmont, Duke of Bar (1430–1480), Duke of Lorraine (1431–1453), King of Naples (1438–1442; titular... Events January 5/ 6 - Christopher of Bavaria, King of Denmark, Norway and Sweden dies with no designated heir leaving all three kingdoms with vacant thrones. ... Frederick II, the Gentle and Elector of Saxony (1428 — 1464), was an Elector of Saxony. ... // March - French troops under Guy de Richemont besiege the English commander in France, Edmund Beaufort, Duke of Somerset, in Caen. ... This page is a candidate for speedy deletion. ... Events January 10 - Battle of Nemecky Brod during the Hussite Wars. ... The Confraternity of the Knights of Saint-George of Burgundy HISTORY Origines (1390) The noble Brotherhood of Saint-George was created in 1390 by two Gentlemen of Franche-Comte to honor the relics of the Megalomartyr that had been brought back from the Holy Land. ... (Region flag) (Region logo) Location Administration Capital Regional President Departments Doubs Haute-Saône Jura Territoire de Belfort Arrondissements 8 Cantons 116 Communes 1,786 Statistics Land area1 16,202 km² Population (Ranked 20th)  - January 1, 2006 est. ... For alternative meanings, see number 1440. ...

1. the Compagnie of the Black Swan, founded by 3 princes and 11 knights in Savoy (1350)
2. the Corps et Ordre du Tiercelet, founded by the vicomte de Thouars and 17 barons in Poitou (1377–1385)
3. Ordre de la Pomme d'Or, founded by 14 knights in Auvergne (1394)
4. Alliance et Compagnie du Levrier, founded by 44 knights in the Barrois (1416–1422), subsequently converted into the Confraternal order of Saint Hubert (see above).

4. Votive Orders, temporarily formed on the basis of a vow; these were courtly chivalric games rather than actual pledges as in the case of the fraternal orders; three are known from their statutes Flag of Savoy This article is about the historical region of Savoy. ... Events 29 August - An English fleet personally commanded by King Edward III defeats a Spanish fleet in the battle of Les Espagnols sur Mer. ... Thouars is a town and commune of France, situated in the département of Deux-Sèvres in the Poitou-Charentes région. ... Coat of arms of Richard, Earl of Cornwall, Plantagenet claimant to the county of Poitou, now favored as the coat of arms of Poitou by people in Poitou Poitou was a province of France whose capital city was Poitiers. ... // Events January 17 – Pope Gregory XI enters Rome. ... Year 1385 was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. ... Auvergne coat of arms Auvergne (Occitan: Auvèrnhe/Auvèrnha) was the name of an historically independent county in the center of France, as well as later a province of France. ... // Events Roger Mortimer, 4th Earl of March, travels with King Richard II of England to Ireland. ... May 30 - The Catholic Church burns Jerome of Prague as a heretic. ... Events January 10 - Battle of Nemecky Brod during the Hussite Wars. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ...

1. Emprise de l'Escu vert à la Dame Blanche (Enterprise of the green shield with the white lady), founded by Jean Le Maingre dit Boucicaut and 12 knights in 1399 for the duration of 5 years
2. Emprise du Fer de Prisonnier (Enterprise of the Prisoner's Iron), founded by Jean de Bourbon and 16 knights in 1415 for the duration of 2 years
3. Emprise de la gueule de dragon (Enterprise of the Dragon's Mouth), founded by Jean comte de Foix in 1446 for 1 year.

5. Cliental Pseudo-Orders, without statutes or restricted memberships, these were princes' retinues fashionably termed "orders" The Emprise de lEscu vert à la Dame Blanche (Enterprise of the green shield with the white lady) was a chivalric order founded by Jean Le Maingre and twelve knights in 1399, committing themselves for the duration of 5 years. ... Jean II Le Maingre (in Old French, Jehan le Meingre), called Boucicaut (August 28, 1366-1421) was marshal of France and a knight renowned for his military skill. ... Events September 30 - Accession of Henry IV of England October 13 - Coronation of Henry IV of England November 1 - Accession of John VI, Duke of Brittany Births William Canynge, English merchant (approximate date; died 1474) Zara Yaqob, Emperor of Ethiopia (died 1468) Deaths January 4 - Nicolau Aymerich, Catalan theologian and... Events Friedrich I Hohenzollern (b. ... Events Mehmed II Sultan of the Ottoman Empire is forced to abdicate in favor of his father Murad II by the Janissaries. ...

1. Ordre de la Cosse de Genêt (Order of the Broom-Pod), founded by Charles VI of France ca. 1388
2. Order of the camail or Porcupine, created by Louis d'Orléans in 1394
3. Order of the Dove, Castile, 1390
4. Order of the Scale of Castile, ca. 1430

6. Honorific Pseudo-Orders, without statutes, these were honorific insignia bestowed on knights on festive occasions, consisting of nothing but the badge Charles VI Charles VI the Well-Beloved, later known as the Mad (French: Charles VI le Bien-Aimé, later known as le Fol) (December 3, 1368 – October 21, 1422) was a King of France (1380 – 1422) and a member of the Valois Dynasty. ... Events Beginning of prosecution of Lollards in England The Battle of Otterburn between England and Scotland A Chinese army under Xu Da sacks Karakorum Births September 14 - Claudius Claussön Swart, Danish geographer September 29 - Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence, second son of Henry IV of England (d. ... Louis, Duke of Nemours Louis Charles Philippe Raphael, 16th duc de Nemours (October 25, 1814 – June 26, 1896) was the second son of the duke of Orleans, afterwards King Louis-Philippe of France, and his wife Marie Amalie of Bourbon-Sicilies. ... // Events Roger Mortimer, 4th Earl of March, travels with King Richard II of England to Ireland. ... Events Births December 27 - Anne de Mortimer, claimant to the English throne (died 1411) Domenico da Piacenza, Italian dancemaster (died 1470) John Dunstable, English composer (died 1453) Engelbrekt Engelbrektsson, Swedish statesman and rebel leader (died 1436) Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester (died 1447) John VIII Palaeologus Byzantine Emperor (died 1448) Deaths... // Events May 23 - Joan of Arc is captured by the Burgundians while leading an army to relieve Compiègne The Ottoman Empire captures Thessalonica from the Venetians First use of optical methods in the creation of Art A map of Europe in 1430. ...

1. Order of the Holy Sepulchre, bestowed to knights who made the pilgrimage to Jerusalem, since the 15th century.
2. Knights of Saint Catherine of Mount Sinai, similar to the above, bestowed from the 11th to the 15th century
3. Order of the Golden Spur, a papal order
4. Knights of the Bath, in England. (recreated in 1725)

The Knights and Ladies of the Holy Sepulchre walk in a procession at the First Annual Southeastern Eucharistic Congress in Charlotte, NC. The Catholic Order of the Holy Sepulchre (formally Equestrian Order of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem) has a foundation myth that connects it with Godfrey of Bouillon or... (14th century - 15th century - 16th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 15th century was that century which lasted from 1401 to 1500. ... The Order of the Golden Militia / Order of the Golder Spur is a Papal order of knighthood conferred upon those who have rendered distinguished service in propagating the Catholic Faith, or who have contributed to the glory of the Church, either by feat of arms, writings, or other illustrious acts. ... Military Badge of the Order of the Bath Listen to this article · (info) This audio file was created from the revision dated 2005-04-11, and does not reflect subsequent edits to the article. ...

Modern orders

• the Order of the Elephant, Denmark, founded by Christian I in 1693
• the Order of St. Andrew, Russia, founded by Tsar Peter the Great in 1698
• The Order of the Seraphim, Sweden, founded by Frederick I in 1748
• The Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary, founded by Empress Maria Theresa in 1764
• The Order of Saint Stanislas, Poland, founded by the last native King of Poland, Stanislas Augustus Poniatowski, on May 8th 1765
• The Order of St. George the Triumphant, founded in 1769 by Catherine the Great of the Russian Empire
• The Royal Norwegian Order of St Olav, founded on 21 August 1847 by King Oscar I of Norway
• The Order of the British Empire, United Kingdom, founded in 1917
• The Royal Norwegian Order of Merit, founded in 1985 by King Olav V of Norway
• The Knightly Order of Vitéz, founded 1921, by Miklós Horthy, the Regent of Hungary
• The Order of the Knights of Our Lady (Latin ‘Militia Sanctae Mariae', founded 1945, by Gerard Lafond

Coat of arms of Frederick IV of Denmark and Norway surrounded by the collars of the Order of the Elephant and the Order of the Dannebrog. ... There are two monarchs who have been named Christian I Christian I of Denmark Christian I of Sweden This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... Events January 11 - Eruption of Mt. ... Collar and Breast Star of the Order of St. ... Tsar (Bulgarian, Serbian and Macedonian цар, Russian  , in scientific transliteration respectively car and car ), occasionally spelled Czar or Tzar and sometimes Csar or Zar in English, is a Slavonic term designating certain monarchs. ... Peter the Great or Pyotr Alexeyevich Romanov (Russian: Пётр I Алексеевич Pyotr I Alekse`yevich, Пётр Великий Pyotr Veli`kiy) (9 June 1672 – 8 February 1725 [30 May 1672–28 January 1725 O.S.][1]) ruled Russia from 7 May (27 April O.S.) 1682 until his death, jointly ruling before 1696 with his... Events January 4 - Palace of Whitehall in London is destroyed by fire. ... The Order of the Seraphim or the Order of His Majesty the King (Swedish Serafimerorden or ) is a Swedish Royal order of chivalry created by King Frederick I of Sweden on 23 February 1748, together with the Order of the Sword and the Order of the Polar Star. ... Frederick I (Fredrik I) (April 23, 1676–March 25, 1751), was King of Sweden from 1720 and (as Friedrich I von Hessen-Kassel) Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel from 1730 until his death. ... Year 1748 (MDCCXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Friday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ... The Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary, the royal Hungarian order, founded in 1764 by the empress Maria Theresa of Austria, consisted of the grand master (the sovereign), 20 knights grand cross, 30 knights commanders and 50 knights. ... This page is about Maria Theresa of Austria (often only known as Empress Maria Theresa), ruler of the Habsburg Empire from 1740-1780. ... 1764 was a leap year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Order of Saint Stanislaus. ... For other persons named StanisÅ‚aw Poniatowski, see StanisÅ‚aw Poniatowski. ... Year 1765 (MDCCLXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ... The Order of St. ... 1769 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Catherine II (Екатерина II Алексеевна: Yekaterína II Alekséyevna, April 21, 1729 - November 6, 1796), born Sophie Augusta Fredericka, known as Catherine the Great, reigned as empress of Russia from... The subject of this article was previously also known as Russia. ... Image:Order of St Olav collar. ... 1847 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... The Most Excellent Order of the British Empire is a British order of chivalry established on 4 June 1917 by King George V. The Order includes five classes in civil and military divisions; in decreasing order of seniority, these are Knight Grand Cross or Dame Grand Cross (GBE) Knight Commander... The Royal Norwegian Order of Merit or Den Kongelige Norske Fortjenstorden was established by King Olav V of Norway in 1985. ... This article is about the year. ... His Majesty King Olav V (July 2, 1903 - January 17, 1991) reigned as King of Norway from 1957 to 1991. ... The Knightly Order of Vitéz (Vitézi Rend in Hungarian), is a Hungarian Order initially founded in 1678 by Imre Thököly, (1657-1705), a Hungarian nobleman, who was leading a rebellion against Leopold I of Austria, who suspended the Constitution and placed Hungary under a Directorate headed... “Horthy” redirects here. ...

Modern orders no longer in existence

• The Order of the Iron Helmet of Hesse-Kassel (in present-day Germany), founded 1814
• The Wilhelmsorden (Order of Wilhelm) of Hesse-Kassel, founded 1851, abolished 1875
• The Ludewigsorden (Order of Louis) of the [Grand Duchy of Hesse]], founded 1807, abolished 1918
• The Order of the Norwegian Lion, founded 1904, abolished 1952

The two editions of the cross. ... Hesse-Kassel (Hessen-Kassel in German) was a German principality that came into existence when the Landgraviate of Hesse was divided in 1568 upon the death of Landgrave Philip I of Hesse. ... Star and badge of the Wilhelmsorden of Hessen-Kassel Knights Cross Fourth Class, and Commanders Grand Cross. ... The Ludewigsorden (English:Order of Louis), was an order of the Grand Duchy of Hesse which was awarded to meritorious soldiers and civilians from 1807 to 1918. ... The Order of the Norwegian Lion was a Norwegian order of knighthood established by King Oscar II of Norway on 21 January 1904, in memory of the glorious events associated with Norway’s venerable Coat of Arms.[1] The order was established as an equivalent in rank to the Swedish...

See also

• Knight
• Chivalry
• Order (decoration)
• titles (false)

The silver Anglia knight, commissioned as a trophy in 1850, intended to represent the Black Prince. ... Bors Dilemma - he chooses to save a maiden rather than his brother Lionel Chivalry[1] is a term related to the medieval institution of knighthood. ... An Order is a decoration, awarded by a government to an individual, usually for distinguished service to a nation or to humanity. ... Fake titles of nobility are supposed titles of nobility which have, in fact, been fabricated, and are not recognized by any government, or have not been so recognized in the past. ...

External links

• History of Orders of Chivalry: A Survey
• Fake titles

Literature

• D'Arcy Jonathan Dacre Boulton, The knights of the crown : the monarchical orders of knighthood in later medieval Europe, 1325–1520, Woodbridge, Suffolk: Boydell Press, Palgrave Macmillan (February 1987). ISBN 0-312-45842-8. Second revised edition (paperback): Woodbridge, Suffolk and Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2000.
• Richard W. Kaeuper, Elspeth Kennedy, Geoffroi De Carny, The Book of Chivalry of Geoffroi De Charny: Text, Context, and Translation, University of Pennsylvania Press (December, 1996). ISBN 0-8122-1579-6.