NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Chloromethane

Solubility refers to the ability for a given substance, the solute, to dissolve in a solvent. ... Impact from a water drop causes an upward rebound jet surrounded by circular capillary waves. ... A partition coefficient is a measure of differential solubility of a compound in two solvents. ... In chemistry and physics, Vapor pressure is the pressure of a vapor in equilibrium with its non-vapor phases. ... four spÂ³ orbitals three spÂ² orbitals In chemistry, hybridisation or hybridization (see also spelling differences) is the concept of mixing atomic orbitals to form new hybrid orbitals suitable for the qualitative description of atomic bonding properties. ... Council Directive 67/548/EEC of 27 June 1967 on the approximation of laws, regulations and administrative provisions relating to the classification, packaging and labelling of dangerous substances (as amended) is the main European Union law concerning chemical safety. ... NFPA 704 is a standard maintained by the U.S. National Fire Protection Association. ... Image File history File links NFPA_704. ...

Production

Large amounts of methyl chloride are produced naturally in the oceans by the action of sunlight on biomass and chlorine in sea foam. However, all methyl chloride that is used in industry is produced synthetically. Animated map exhibiting the worlds oceanic waters. ... Switchgrass, a hardy plant used in the biofuel industry in the United States Rice chaff. ... General Name, Symbol, Number chlorine, Cl, 17 Chemical series halogens Group, Period, Block 17, 3, p Appearance yellowish green Standard atomic weight 35. ...

Most methyl chloride is prepared by reacting methanol with hydrogen chloride, according to the chemical equation Methanol, also known as methyl alcohol, carbinol, wood alcohol, wood naptha or wood spirits, is a chemical compound with chemical formula CH3OH. It is the simplest alcohol, and is a light, volatile, colourless, flammable, poisonous liquid with a distinctive odor that is somewhat milder and sweeter than ethanol (ethyl alcohol). ... The chemical compound hydrochloric acid is the aqueous (water-based) solution of hydrogen chloride gas (HCl). ... A chemical equation is a symbolic representation of a chemical reaction where the reactant entities are given on the left hand side and the product entities on the right hand side. ...

This can be carried out either by bubbling hydrogen chloride gas through boiling methanol with or without a zinc chloride catalyst, or by passing combined methanol and hydrogen chloride vapors over an alumina catalyst at 350 °C. Methanol, also known as methyl alcohol, carbinol, wood alcohol, wood naptha or wood spirits, is a chemical compound with chemical formula CH3OH. It is the simplest alcohol, and is a light, volatile, colourless, flammable, poisonous liquid with a distinctive odor that is somewhat milder and sweeter than ethanol (ethyl alcohol). ... The chemical compound hydrochloric acid is the aqueous (water-based) solution of hydrogen chloride gas (HCl). ... Impact from a water drop causes an upward rebound jet surrounded by circular capillary waves. ... Zinc chloride (ZnCl2) is a colorless or white compound of zinc and chlorine that is extremely hygroscopic. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Catalysis. ... Aluminium oxide (or aluminum oxide) (Al2O3) is a chemical compound of aluminium and oxygen. ...

A smaller amount of methyl chloride is produced by heating a mixture of methane and chlorine to over 400 °C. However, this method also results in more highly chlorinated compounds such as methylene chloride and chloroform and is usually only used when these other products are also desired. Methane is a chemical compound with the molecular formula CH4. ... General Name, Symbol, Number chlorine, Cl, 17 Chemical series halogens Group, Period, Block 17, 3, p Appearance yellowish green Standard atomic weight 35. ... Dichloromethane or Methylene chloride is a chemical compound widely used as a solvent for organic materials. ... For the song Chloroform by Spoon, see A Series of Sneaks Chloroform, also known as trichloromethane and methyl trichloride, is a chemical compound with formula CHCl3. ...

Uses

Formerly, methyl chloride was a widely used refrigerant, but due to its toxicity this use has been discontinued. Methyl chloride was also once used for producing lead-based additives for gasoline, but leaded gasoline has been phased out in most of the industrialized world (an important exception being the former Soviet Union). For Pb as an abbreviation, see PB. General Name, Symbol, Number lead, Pb, 82 Chemical series poor metals Group, Period, Block 14, 6, p Appearance bluish gray Standard atomic weight 207. ... Gasoline or petrol is a petroleum-derived liquid mixture consisting mostly of hydrocarbons and enhanced with benzene or iso-octane to increase octane ratings, used as fuel in internal combustion engines. ...

The most important use of methyl chloride today is as a chemical intermediate in the production of silicone polymers. Smaller quantities are used as a solvent in the manufacture of butyl rubber and in petroleum refining. Silicones (more accurately called polymerized siloxanes or polysiloxanes) are inorganic-organic polymers with the chemical formula [R2SiO]n, where R = organic groups such as methyl, ethyl, and phenyl. ... Butyl rubber is a synthetic rubber, a random copolymer of about 98% of isobutylene with about 2% of isoprene. ...

Methyl chloride is also employed as a methylating and chlorinating agent in organic chemistry. It is also used in a variety of other fields: as an extractant for greases, oils and resins, as a propellant and blowing agent in polystyrene foam production, as a local anesthetic, as an intermediate in drug manufacturing, as a catalyst carrier in low temperature polymerization, as a fluid for thermometric and thermostatic equipment and as a herbicide. Organic chemistry is a specific discipline within chemistry which involves the scientific study of the structure, properties, composition, reactions, and preparation (by synthesis or by other means) of chemical compounds consisting of primarily carbon and hydrogen, which may contain any number of other elements, including nitrogen, oxygen, halogens as well... A foaming agent is a material that will decompose to release a gas under certain conditions (typically high temperature), which can be used to turn a liquid into a foam. ... Polystyrene is a polymer made from the monomer styrene, a liquid hydrocarbon that is commercially manufactured from petroleum by the chemical industry. ... Anesthesia (AE), also anaesthesia (BE), is the process of blocking the perception of pain and other sensations. ... This is the article about the process. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...

Safety

Inhalation of methyl chloride gas produces central nervous system effects similar to intoxication. Victims may feel drowsy, dizzy, or confused and have difficulty breathing, with gasping and choking, walking or speaking. At higher concentrations, paralysis, seizures, and coma may result. A diagram showing the CNS: 1. ... ... Paralysis is the complete loss of muscle function for one or more muscle groups. ... This article is about the medical term, epileptic seizure, as distinct from psychogenic non-epileptic seizure. ... In medicine, a coma (from the Greek koma, meaning deep sleep) is a profound state of unconsciousness. ...

In case of ingestion nausea and vomiting may result. Skin contact when in the form of a refrigerated liquid may result in frostbite. Contact with eyes may result in dim vision, widely dilated pupils that react slowly to changes in light.

Chronic exposure to methyl chloride has been linked to birth defects in mice. In humans, exposure to methyl chloride during pregnancy may cause the fetus' lower spinal column, pelvis, and legs to form incorrectly, but this has not been conclusively proven. A congenital disorder is a medical condition or defect that is present at or before birth (for example, congenital heart disease). ... A pregnant woman near the end of her term Pregnancy is the carrying of one or more embryos or fetuses by female mammals, including humans, inside their bodies. ... The vertebral column seen from the side The vertebral column (backbone or spine) is a column of vertebrae situated in the dorsal aspect of the abdomen. ... The pelvis (pl. ... Diagram of an insect leg A leg is the part of an animals body that supports the rest of the animal above the ground and is used for locomotion. ...

In 1997, a re-investigation of Boston's Cocoanut Grove nightclub fire cited a methyl chloride leak from a refrigerator as a major cause of that disaster. 1997 (MCMXCVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Nickname: City on the Hill, Beantown, The Hub (of the Universe)1, Athens of America, The Cradle of Revolution, Puritan City, Americas Walking City Location in Massachusetts, USA Counties Suffolk County Mayor Thomas M. Menino(D) Area - City 232. ... // The Cocoanut Grove was a nightclub in Boston, Massachusetts. ...

Contents

Production

Uses

Safety

See also

External links

Contents

Production var ACE_AR = {Site: '756743', Size: '300250'};

Uses

Safety

See also

External links

Production