Chlorphenamine (INN) or chlorpheniramine (USAN, former BAN), commonly marketed as its salt chlorphenamine maleate (CPM), is first-generation antihistamine used in the prevention of the symptoms of allergic conditions such as rhinitis and urticaria.
CPM is one of the main ingredients in many OTC allergy medications, such as Coricidin Cough & Cold (or CCC). Many people use Coricidin recreationally for the dextromethorphan content; however, this is strongly recommended against. In high doses, chlorpheniramine maleate can cause severe allergic reactions and has been linked to at least twelve deaths in the United States.
External links
The Coricidin Harm Reduction Project (http://www.coricidin.org)
An improvement in the process of coacervation of chlorpheniraminemaleate is provided whereby a predetermined amount of chlorpheniraminemaleate charged to the process is maintained in the microcapsules by pre-saturating the coacervation medium with chlorpheniraminemaleate.
The chlorpheniraminemaleate to be encapsulated can be added to the pretreated cyclohexane alone or in conjunction with another pharmaceutical material, such as pseudoephedrine hydrochloride, with which it is commonly administered in a combined dosage form.
Chlorpheniraminemaleate should be heated with the cyclohexane as a first step to saturate the cyclohexane and the other ingredients can be added following standard microencapsulating procedure at a temperature sufficiently high to dissolve the ethylcellulose and the polyethylene.
Doses originally selected for male mice in the 2-year study were 0, 100, or 200 mg/kg; however, because of poor survival, that study was stopped and a new study was started at doses of 0, 25, or 50 mg/kg.
Chlorpheniraminemaleate was not mutagenic to Salmonella strains TA98, TA100, TA1535, or T1537 in the presence or absence of S9 metabolic activation systems prepared from the liver of Aroclor 1254-treated male Sprague-Dawley rats or male Syrian hamsters.
Chlorpheniraminemaleate had a proliferative effect in the thyroid gland of female mice, as shown by the increased incidences of follicular cell cysts and hyperplasia in both low dose and high dose groups.
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