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Encyclopedia > Choline chloride
Choline chloride
Chemical name N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)trimethyl-
ammonium chloride
Chemical formula C5H14ONCl
Molecular mass 139.6 g/mol
Melting point 302 °C
Boiling point  ? °C
Density  ? g/cm3
CAS number [67-48-1]
SMILES CN(C)(C)CCO
Cl-(CH33N+CH2CH2OH
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for
materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
Infobox disclaimer and references

Choline chloride or N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)trimethylammonium chloride is an organic compound and a quaternary ammonium salt. The counterion is chlorine. In the laboratory choline can be prepared by methylation of dimethylethanolamine with methyl chloride. In the industrial Davy process choline chloride is produced from ethylene oxide, hydrochloric acid, and trimethylamine. Alternative names are hepacholine, biocolina and lipotril. IUPAC nomenclature is a system of naming chemical compounds and of describing the science of chemistry in general. ... A chemical formula (also called molecular formula) is a concise way of expressing information about the atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound. ... The molecular mass (abbreviated MM) of a substance (less accurately called molecular weight and abbreviated as MW) is the mass of one molecule of that substance, relative to the unified atomic mass unit u (equal to 1/12 the mass of one atom of carbon-12). ... The melting point of a solid is the temperature at which it changes state from solid to liquid. ... The boiling point of a substance is the temperature at which it can change its state from a liquid to a gas throughout the bulk of the liquid. ... Density (symbol: ρ - Greek: rho) is a measure of mass per unit of volume. ... CAS registry numbers are unique numerical identifiers for chemical compounds, polymers, biological sequences, mixtures and alloys. ... The simplified molecular input line entry specification or SMILES is a specification for unambiguously describing the structure of chemical molecules using short ASCII strings. ... In chemistry, the standard state of a material is its state at 1 bar (100 kilopascals) and 25 degrees Celsius (298. ... An organic compound is any member of a large class of chemical compounds whose molecules contain carbon, with the exception of carbides, carbonates, carbon oxides and gases containing carbon. ... Quaternary ammonium cation. ... A magnified crystal of salt In chemistry, salt is a term used for ionic compounds composed of positively charged cations and negatively charged anions, so that the product is neutral and without a net charge. ... General Name, Symbol, Number chlorine, Cl, 17 Chemical series halogens Group, Period, Block 17, 3, p Appearance yellowish green Atomic mass 35. ... Dimethylethanolamine is a nitrogen organic compound. ... Chloromethane or Methyl chloride is a chemical compound once widely used as a refrigerant. ... The chemical compound ethylene oxide is an important industrial chemical used as an intermediate in the production of ethylene glycol and other chemicals, and as a sterilant for foodstuffs and medical supplies. ... The chemical substance hydrochloric acid is the aqueous (water-based) solution of hydrogen chloride (HCl) gas. ... Trimethylamine, also known as NMe3, N(CH3)3, and TMA, is a colorless, hygroscopic, and flammable simple amine with a typical fishy odor in low concentrations and an ammonia-like odor in higher concentrations. ...


Applications

Choline chloride is mass produced and is an important additive in feed especially for chicken where it accelerates growth. With urea it forms a deep eutectic solvent. Other commercial choline salts are choline hydroxide and choline bitartrate. In foodstuffs the compound is often present as phosphatidylcholine. Binomial name Gallus gallus A chicken (Gallus gallus) is a type of domesticated bird which is often raised as a type of poultry. ... Urea is an organic compound of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and hydrogen, with the formula CON2H4 or (NH2)2CO. Urea is also known as carbamide, especially in the recommended International Non-proprietary Names (rINN) in use in Europe. ... A deep eutectic solvent or DES is a type of ionic solvent with special properties composed of a mixture which forms a eutectic with a melting point much lower than either of the individual components. ... Choline Choline is a quaternary saturated amine with the chemical formula (CH3)3N+CH2CH2OHX-. where X- is a counterion such as chlorine (see choline chloride), hydroxide or tartrate. ...


External links


  Results from FactBites:
 
Choline (1814 words)
Choline is a precursor for phosphatidylcholine, sphingomyelin, acetylcholine and the methyl donor betaine.
Trimethylamine, a choline metabolite, is oxidized to trimethylamine oxide in the liver.
Choline deficiency-induced apoptosis in PC 12 cells is associated with diminished membrane phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin, accumulation of ceramide and ciccylglycerol, and activation of a caspace.
Choline - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (139 words)
Choline was discovered by Strecker in 1862 and chemically synthesized in 1866.
In 1998 choline was classified as an essential nutrient by the Food and Nutrition Board of the Institute of Medicine (U.S.A.) and Adequate Intakes (AI) have been established.
Choline and its metabolites are needed for three main physiological purposes: structural integrity and signaling roles for cell membranes, cholinergic neurotransmission (acetylcholine synthesis), and as a major source for methyl-groups via its metabolite, trimethylglycine that participates in the S-adenosylmethionine synthesis pathways.
  More results at FactBites »


 
 

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