A cholinesterase inhibitor or anticholinesterase is a chemical that inhibits a cholinesterase enzyme from breaking down acetylcholine, so increasing both the level and duration of action of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. A chemical compound is a chemical substance formed from two or more elements, with a fixed ratio determining the composition. ... Acetylcholinesterase In biochemistry, cholinesterase is a term which refers to one of the two enzymes: Acetylcholinesterase (EC 3. ... wuzz up peeps, hows it hangin? lol, lv ya all! Its alrite thx lol! fuk dis is a borin lesn! lv ya all! every1 reply! i know lol, hows cris? hes alrite, big dick! lol! hi peeps how r u all im alrite thx hun! u? fine who were you... The chemical compound acetylcholine, often abbreviated as ACh, was the first neurotransmitter to be identified. ... Neurotransmitters are chemicals that are used to relay, amplify and modulate electrical signals between a neuron and another cell. ...

Anticholinesterases occur naturally as venoms and poisons, are used as weapons in the form of nerve agents, and are used medicinally to treat diseases such as myasthenia gravis and Alzheimer's disease, and as an antidote to anticholinergic poisoning. In myasthenia gravis, they are used to increase neuromuscular transmission. It has been suggested that Snake poison be merged into this article or section. ... The skull and crossbones symbol traditionally used to label a poisonous substance. ... Nerve agents (also known as nerve gases, though these chemicals are liquid at room temperature) are a class of phosphorus-containing organic chemicals (organophosphates) that inhibit the acetylcholinesterase enzyme in animals. ... Myasthenia gravis (MG, Latin: grave muscle weakness) is a neuromuscular disease leading to fluctuating weakness and fatiguability. ... An anticholinergic agent is a member of a class of pharmaceutical compounds which serve to reduce the effects mediated by acetylcholine in the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system. ...

Compounds which function as reversible competitive or noncompetitive inhibitors of cholinesterase are those most likely to have therapeutic uses. These include: In biochemistry there are two ways in which certain chemical substances may reduce or prevent the activities of enzymes: competitive and non-competitive inhibition. ... In biochemistry one distinguishes two ways in which a molecule may block the action of an enzymes: competitive and noncompetitive inhibition. ...

• Organophosphates
  • metrifonate
• Carbamates
  • physostigmine
  • neostigmine
  • pyridostigmine
  • ambenonium
  • demarcarium
  • rivastigmine
• Phenanthrine derivatives
  • galantamine
• Piperidines
  • donepezil, also known as E2020
• Tacrine, also known as tetrahydroaminoacridine (THA')
• Edrophonium

Compounds which function as quasi-irreversible inhibitors of cholinesterase are those most likely to have use as chemical weapons or pesticides. These include: An organophosphate (sometimes abbreviated OP) is the general name for any organic compound containing phosphorus. ... The carbamate functional group is formed when a carbon dioxide molecule reacts with the amino terminus of a peptide chain or an amino group of an amino acid, adding a COO− group to it and releasing a cation (H+ ion). ... Physostigmine is a parasympathomimetic, specifically, a reversible cholinesterase inhibitor obtained from the Calabar bean. ... Neostigmine is a parasympathomimetic, specifically, a reversible cholinesterase inhibitor. ... Pyridostigmine is a parasympathomimetic and a reversible cholinesterase inhibitor. ... Exelon (rivastigmine tartrate) is a pharmaceutical product developed and marketed by Novartis for the treatment of Alzheimers disease. ... Galantamine (trade name Razadyne®) is a medication used in the treatment of Alzheimers disease. ... Piperidine is a cyclic amine. ... Donepezil, marketed under the trade name Aricept® (Pfizer), is a centrally acting reversible acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor. ... Tacrine is a parasympathomimetic and a centrally acting cholinesterase inhibitor (anticholinesterase). ... Sources Brenner, G. M. (2000). ... Dressing the wounded during a gas attack by Austin O. Spare, 1918. ... An airplane spreading pesticide. ...

• Organophosphates
  • echothiophate
  • isoflurophate
  • diisopropyl fluorophosphate
  • cyclosarin
  • sarin
  • soman
  • tabun
  • VX
  • VE
  • VG
  • VM
  • diazinon
  • malathion
  • parathion
• Carbamates
  • aldicarb
  • bendiocarb
  • bufencarb
  • carbaryl
  • carbendazim
  • carbetamide
  • carbofuran
  • chlorbufam
  • chloropropham
  • ethiofencarb
  • formetanate
  • methiocarb
  • methomyl
  • oxamyl
  • phenmedipham
  • pinmicarb
  • pirimicarb
  • propamocarb
  • propham
  • propoxur

Some major effects of anticholinesterase: An organophosphate (sometimes abbreviated OP) is the general name for any organic compound containing phosphorus. ... Categories: Medicine stubs | Anticholinesterases ... Categories: Chemistry stubs | Anticholinesterases ... Diisopropyl fluorophosphate is an organophosphorus compound that acts as an irreversible cholinesterase inhibitor. ... Cyclosarin or GF (Cyclohexyl methylphosphonofluoridate) is an extremely toxic substance that is one of the worlds most dangerous weapons of war. ... Sarin or GB (O-Isopropyl methylphosphonofluoridate) is an extremely toxic substance. ... Boiling point 198 °C (388 °F) Freezing/melting point −42 °C (−44 °F) Vapor pressure 0. ... Tabun or GA (Ethyl N,N-dimethylphosphoramidocyanidate) is an extremely toxic substance that is one of the worlds most dangerous weapons of war. ... The VX nerve agent is the most well-known of the V-series of nerve agents. ... VE (S-(Diethylamino)ethyl O-ethyl ethylphosphonothioate) is a V-series nerve agent closely related to the better-known VX nerve gas. ... VG (also called Amiton or Tetram) is a V-series nerve agent closely related to the better-known VX nerve agent. ... VM (Phosphonothioic acid, methyl-, S-(2-(diethylamino)ethyl) O-ethyl ester) is a V-series nerve agent closely related to the better-known VX nerve agent. ... Diazinon Diazinon (O,O-diethyl 0-2-isopropyl-6-methyl(pyrimidine-4-yl) phosphorothioate), a colorless to dark brown liquid, is a nonsystemic organophosphate insecticide used to control cockroaches, silverfish, ants, and fleas in residential, non-food buildings. ... Malathion is a organophosphate parasympathomimetic which binds irreversibly to cholinesterase. ... Parathion, or methyl parathion, is a very potent insecticide. ... The carbamate functional group is formed when a carbon dioxide molecule reacts with the amino terminus of a peptide chain or an amino group of an amino acid, adding a COO− group to it and releasing a cation (H+ ion). ... This subtance is a carbamate with strucural formula: 2-methyl-2-(methylthio)propionaldehyde O-methylcarbamoyloxime. ... Carbaryl is a chemical in the carbamate family used chiefly as an insecticide. ... Status: ISO 1750 (published) IUPAC: methyl benzimidazol-2-ylcarbamate Formula: C9H9N3O2 Activity: fungicides (benzimidazole fungicides; benzimidazolylcarbamate fungicides) Categories: Fungicides ... Carbofuran is the most toxic of the carbamate pesticides. ...

Actions on the autonomic nervous system, that is parasympathetic nervous system will cause bradycardia, hypotension, hypersecretion, bronchoconstriction, GIT hypermotility, and decrease intraocular pressure.

Actions on the neuromuscular junction will result in prolonged muscle contraction.

See also

• Pesticide poisoning